ἀφαιρ-έω · aphair-eō — LSJ
take away from:—Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, Od. 14.455, cf. A. Eu. 360 codd., etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, X. Cyr. 7.1.44): less freq. ἀ. τί τινος Ar. Pax 560, X. Lac. 4.7; κῆρα χώρας A. Th. 777 (lyr.); ἔκ τινος Id. Eu. 444; also τινά τι prob. l. ib. 360, S. Ph. 933, v. infr. II. I, III: c. gen., take from, τιμῆς οὔτʼ ἀφελὼν οὔτʼ ἐπορεξάμενος Sol. 5.2; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man) ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίας Pl. R. 360e; τοῦ πλήθους dimin
set aside, κρέα SIG 1044.41 (Halic., iv B. C.).
exclude, separate, τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίς Pl. Plt. 262d; opp. προστιθέναι, Id. Phd. 95e, etc.
Math., ἀ. ἀπὸ . . subtract from, Euc. Ax. 3 (Pass.), etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, Apollon. Perg. 1.41 (Pass.); intercept, in Pass., Procl. Hyp. 2.27.
in Logic, abstract, c. acc., Arist. APo. 74a37, al.: abs., Id. Metaph. 1030a33.
Med., fut. ἀφαιρήσομαι (in pass. sense, v.l. for ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι, Hdt. 5.35, cf. Antipho Fr. 57), later ἀφελοῦμαι Timostr. 5, Plb. 3.29.7: aor. ἀφειλόμην, later ἀφειλάμην Ph. 2.586, D.C. 41.63, cf. Phryn. 116: pf. ἀφῄρημαι (in med. sense) X. Cyr. 7.5.79 (spelt ἀφείρ- Sammelb. 4309 (iii B. C.)):—from Hom. downwds. more freq. than Act., take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, E. El. 928:—Constr. like Act., ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τι
c. acc. rei, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, And. 2.24; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, Th. 4.134; ἕως κελαινῆς νυκτὸς ὄμμʼ ἀφείλετο A. Pers. 428: abs., μέχρι σκότος ἀφείλετο (sc. τὴν δίωξιν) X. HG 1.2.16; ἀ. τὴν μνήμην πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν D. 22.13.
folld. by μή c. inf., prevent, hinder from doing, τί μʼ ἄνδρα . . ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖν; S. Ph. 1303, cf. E. Tr. 1146; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σʼ ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι]; Id. Andr. 913; c. inf. Pass., τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναι Paus. 8.52.2; c. inf. only, Pi. I. 1.62: simply, obstruct, ἀρχήν Pl. Lg. 958c.
ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Lat. vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, Pl. Lg. 914e, Isoc. 12.97, D. 58.19, cf. Lys. 23.10, Aeschin. 1.62.
Pass., fut. -αιρεθήσομαι E. Hel. 938; -ήσομαι Antipho Fr. 57: pf. ἀφῄρημαι, Ion. ἀπαραίρημαι Hdt. 7.159, etc.:—to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι A. Ch. 962 (lyr.), Hdt. 3.137, etc.; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, Id. 1.70, 3.65, 7.159; ἀφῃρέθην τὰ ἐνέχυρα ὑπό τινος D. 47.41; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, E. Tr. 486: c. inf., ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, Id. Hipp. 1207: less freq. μηδὲν τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὄγκου ἀφαιρεθέντος ἀλλὰ σοῦ
ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, Id. Lg. 915a.