فَرِيضَة

fariyDapN * , of the measure faEiylapN in the sense of the measure mafoEuwlapN : pl. faraAy^iDu : said by some to be derived from faroDN signifying the act of “ apportioning, ” or “ appointing; ” because frAy^D are apportioned, or appointed: by others said to be from faroDN in relation to a bow. (Msb.) [These remarks apply to the word in all the senses here following.] ― -b2- A subst. signifying A thing made obligatory, or binding, on a person or persons, (S, Mgh, TA) by God; (S, TA;) an obligatory statute or ordinance of God, in a general sense: pl. as above. (TA.) ― -b3- A portion, or share, made obligatory, or binding, (K, * TA,) on a man: (TA:) or anything apportioned, or appointed: [and particularly a primarily-apportioned inheritance: (see an ex. in the first paragraph of art. Ewl :)] and hence, faraAy^iDu is applied to the portions, or shares, of inheritances; [i. e. the fixed primary portions of inheritances assigned by the Kur-án; which are a half, third, fourth, sixth, and eighth;] because they are apportioned, or appointed, to their several owners. (Mgh.) And hence, (Mgh,) Eilomu AlfaraAy^iDi , and elliptically AlfaraAy^iDu , (S, * Mgh, O, * Msb,) The science of the division of inheritances; (S, O, TA;) or the science of questions relating to inheritance. (Mgh.) It is said in a trad., (Mgh,) taEal~amuwA AlfaraAy^iDa waEal~imuwhaA Aln~aAsa faA_in~ahaA niSofu AlEilomi , accord. to the relation commonly followed, with the pron. fem., referring to AlfrAy^D ; and waEal~imuwhu faA_in~ahu , with the pron. masc., referring to Eilom understood as prefixed to AlfrAy^D ; [i. e. Learn ye the science of the division of inheritances, &c., and teach ye it to (other) men, for it is the half of science: ] it is said to be called the half of science in consideration of the division of statutes into those which pertain to the living and those which pertain to the dead; or by way of amplification. (Mgh, * Msb.) The phrase AlfariyDapu AlEaAdilapu [ The equitable portion of inheritance ], in a trad. of Ibn-'Omár, is that respecting which the Muslims have agreed: or that for which the authority is elicited from the Kur-án and the Sunneh without there being in these any express statute respecting it: or that is equitably divided, agreeably with the portions and shares mentioned in the Kur-án and the Sunneh. (TA.) ― -b4- What is made obligatory, or binding, [ on the owner, to give, ] of pasturing beasts, [i. e. camels, ] in payment of the poor-rate; (S, O, K;) the camel that is taken in payment of the poor-rate: so termed because it is made obligatory to be given, of a certain number of camels: the p is added because the word is made a subst., not an epithet: pl. faraAy^iDu : (TA:) faraAy^iDu AlA_ibili signifying the dues of the poor-rate, of camels: (A, Mgh: *) the fryDp of twenty-five camels is a binot maxaAD , (Mgh,) or she-camel one year old; (AHeyth;) that of thirty-six, a binot labuwn , (AHeyth, Mgh,) or she-camel two years old; (AHeyth;) that of forty-six, a Hiq~ap , or she-camel three years old; and that of sixty-one, a ja*aEap , or she-camel four years old. (AHeyth.) AlfariyDataAni signifies The ja*aEap of sheep, or goats, with the Hiq~ap of camels; (ISk, S, O, K;) and ↓ AlfuroDataAni signifies the same, accord. to ISk. (IB.) And fariyDapN , by an extension of its meaning, is applied to A camel, in other cases than those of the poor-rate. (TA.) ― -b5- See also faAriDN .