فِتْنَة

fitonapN * A burning with fire. (T.) ― -b2- And The melting of gold and of silver (K, TA) in order to separate, or distinguish, the bad from the good. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence, or] from fatana signifying “ he melted, ” (T,) or from that verb as signifying “ he put into the fire, “ (Msb,) gold, and silver, “ for that purpose, ” (T, Msb,) it signifies A trial, or probation; (IAar, T, S, M, K, TA;) and affliction, distress, or hardship; (TA;) and [particularly] an affliction whereby one is tried, proved, or tested: (IAar, T, S, K, TA:) this is the sum of its meaning in the language of the Arabs: (T, TA: *) or the trial whereby the condition of a man may be evinced: this, accord. to Zj, may be the meaning in the Kur v. 45: (M:) or a mean whereby the condition of a man is evinced, in respect of good and of evil: (Kull:) [hence it often means a temptation: ] and ↓ mafotuwnN signifies the same as fitonapN , (S, M, K,) meaning a trial: (K:) the pl. of fitonapN is fitanN . (Msb.) It proceeds from God and from man: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [there are many instances of its proceeding from God in the Kur; for ex., in xxxvii. 61,] A_in~aA jaEalonaAhaA fitonapF lilZ~aAlimiyna i. e. [ Verily we have made it to be ] a trial [ to the wrongdoers ] is said in relation to the tree Ez-Zakkoom; the existence of which they disbelieved; for when they heard that it comes forth in the bottom of Hell, they said, Trees become burned in the fire; then how can they grow therein? (M.) [And hence] it signifies also Punishment, castigation, or chastisement. (T, M, K.) And Slaughter: (T:) and civil war, or conflict occurring among people: (M:) and slaughter, and war, and faction, or sedition, among the parties of the Muslims when they form themselves into parties: (T:) and discord, dissension, or difference of opinions, among the people. (IAar, T, K.) A misleading; or causing to err, or go astray: (T, K:) [ seduction; or temptation: or a cause thereof; such as ] the ornature, finery, show, or pomp, and the desires, or lusts, of the present life or world, whereby one is tried: (T:) and wealth, or children; (T, K, TA;) because one is tried thereby: (TA:) and women; than whom, the Prophet said, there is no fitonap more harmful to men: (T:) and a cause of one's being pleased with a thing; (T, M, K;) as in the saying laA tajoEalonaA fitonapF liloqawomi A@lZ~aAlimiyna [in the Kur x. 85, i. e. Make not us to be a cause of pleasure to the wrongdoing people ]; meaning, make not them to prevail over us, so as to become pleased with their unbelief and to think that they are better than we. (T.) Also Madness, insanity, or diabolical possession; (T, K;) and so ↓ futuwnN and ↓ mafotuwnN . (T.) And Error; or deviation from the right way. (M, K.) And Infidelity; or unbelief: (T, M, K:) thus in the saying, [in the Kur ii. 187,] waA@lofitonapu A^a$ad~u mina A@loqatoli [ And infidelity, or unbelief, is more excessive than slaughter: and the like is said in ii. 214]. (T.) And A sin, a crime; or an act of disobedience for which one deserves punishment. (M, K.) And Disgrace, shame, or ignominy. (M, K.) fitonapu AlS~adori signifies AlwasowaAsu [app. as meaning The devil's prompting, or suggesting, of some evil idea ]: fitonapu AlmaHoyaA , The being turned from the [ right ] road: fitonapu AlmamaAti , The being questioned in the grave [by the two angels Munkar and Nekeer]: fitonapu AlD~ur~i , The sword: and fitotapu Als~ur~i , Women. (TA.) [And Alfitonapu AlEamoyaA is a phrase used in the present day as meaning Incurable evil or trouble. ] -A2- [It is also the name now commonly given to The mimosa farnesiana of Linn.; (Delile's Floræ Ægypt. Illustr. no. 962;) called by Forskål (Flora Ægypt. Arab. p. lxxvii.) mimosa scorpioïdes. ]