كَذَبَ

1 ka*aba * , aor. ka*iba , inf. n. ka*ibN (a strange form of inf. n.; there being, accord. to Kz., only fourteen instances of it; as laEibN , and DaHikN , &c.; though there are many substantives of this measure; MF) and ki*obN (S, K: accord. to Ibn-Es-Seed and others, this latter is formed from the former, by putting the second vowel of the former in the place of the first: MF) and ka*ibapN (L) or ka*obapN (K) and ki*obahN (L, K) and ki*aAbN and ki*~aAbN (K: but this last, which is also assigned to ka*aba in the L, is, accord. to the S, which refers, for proof, to the Kur, ch. lxxviii. 28, one of the inf. ns. of k*~b : and Ks says, that the people of El-Yemen make the inf. n. of fE~l of the measure fiE~aAlN , while the other Arabs make it tafoEiylN : TA) and, accord. to some, ku*obN and ka*obN (TA: but the latter of these two, though agreeable with analogy, is unheard: TA): see also ka*ibN , below: [ He lied; uttered a falsehood; said what was untrue: ] he gave an untrue account, or relation, of a thing, whether intentionally or unintentionally. (Msb) Alka*ibu is of five kinds. ― -b2- First, The relater's changing, or altering, what he hears; and his relating; as from others, what he does not know. This is the kind that renders one criminal, and destroys manly virtue. — Second, The saying what resembles a lie, not meaning anything but the truth. Such is meant in the trad., ka*aba A_ibor`hiymu valaAva ka*ibaAtK Abraham said three sayings resembling lies; he being veracious in the three. — Third, The saying what is untrue by mistake, or unintentionally; making a mistake; erring. This signification is frequent. — Fourth, The finding one's hopes false, or vain. — Fifth, The act of instigating, or inciting. (IAmb.) [See illustrations of these and other significations below; and see more voce Sadaqa .] [You say] yako*ibuka mino A^ayona jaA'a [ He will lie to thee even as to the place whence he comes. ] (L, art. mH , and in many other places, following the similar phrase laA yaSoduquka A^avarahu , or A^avaruhu .) Lebeed says, Aiko*ibi Aln~afosa A_i*aA Had~avotahaA Lie to the soul (i. e., to thy soul, ) when thou talkest to it: i. e., say not to thy soul, Thou wilt not succeed in thine enterprise; for thy doing so will divert thee, or hinder thee, therefrom. A proverb. (Meyd, &c.) ― -b3- ku*iba , pass., He was told a lie; a falsehood; or an untruth. (K.) ― -b4- Aboo-Duwád says, ka*aba AlEayoru waA_ino kaAna baraHo The wild ass hath lied, although he hath passed from right to left: [the doing which is esteemed unlucky:] or, [agreeably with explanations of ka*aba given below,] hath become languid, and within [ the sportsman's ] power, or reach, &c.: or keep to the wild ass, and hunt him, &c. A proverb, applied in the case of a thing that is hoped for, though difficult of attainment. (TA.) ― -b5- ka*abato and ↓ k*~bt (tropical:) She (a camel), being covered by the stallion, raised her tail, and then returned without conceiving. (En-Nadr, K.) ― -b6- ka*aba is said of other things than men [and animals]: as of lightning, [meaning (assumed tropical:) It gave a false promise of rain ]: of a dream, an opinion, a hope, and a desire, [meaning, in each of these cases, (assumed tropical:) It proved false ]. (TA.) ― -b7- So also ka*abati AlEayonu (assumed tropical:) The sense [i. e., the sight ] of the eye deceived it. (TA.) ― -b8- ka*aba Alr~aA^oYu [(assumed tropical:) The judgment lied ]; i. e., he imagined the thing contrary to its real state. (TA.) [See also Sadaqa Zan~iY ] ― -b9- ka*abatoka Eayonuka (tropical:) Thine eye showed thee what had no reality. (TA.) ― -b10- ka*aba labanu Aln~aAqapi , and ↓ k*~b , (the latter mentioned in the S,) (tropical:) The milk of the camel passed away, or failed. (Lh.) ― -b11- ka*aba fiY sayorihi (tropical:) [ He (a camel) became slack, or slow, in his pace: see 2]. (TA.) ― -b12- ka*aba AlHar~u (tropical:) The heat abated. (TA.) ― -b13- See also 2. ka*aba He found his hopes to be false, or vain. (IAmb.) AunoZu