نَقْص

1 naqaSa * , (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. naquSa , (M, Msb,) inf. n. nuqoSaAnN (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and naqoSN , (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or the former of these two only, the latter being the inf. n. of the trans. verb, (MS,) and naqiySapN (M) and tanoqaASN , (K,) [which last is an intensive form,] said of a thing, (S, M,) intrans., (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) It lost somewhat, decreased, diminished, lessened, wasted, waned, or became defective or deficient or incomplete or imperfect, after having been whole or complete or perfect: (IKtt, Msb, TA:) or he, or it, lost, or suffered loss or diminution, (A, K,) with respect to lot or portion: (K:) and ↓ AntqS signifies the same; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and so does ↓ tnq~S ; (TK, [probably from the TA,] art. A^afn ;) and so does ↓ tnAqS : (TA:) [or this last signifies it lost somewhat, decreased, &c., gradually; contr. of tzAyd .] It is said in a trad., (Mgh,) $ahoraA EiydK laA yanoquSaAni , (Mgh, K,) i. e. Ramadán and Dhu-l-Hijjeh, (Mgh,) meaning, Two months of festival are not defective virtually ( fiY AlHukomi ) though they be defective in number [of days]; (K;) i. e. let no doubt occur in your hearts when ye fast nine and twenty days [instead of thirty]; nor if there happen a mistake respecting the day of the pilgrimage, will there be any deficiency in your performance of the rites thereof: (TA:) or, as some say, two months of festival will not be defective in one and the same year; but Et- Taháwee disapproves of this explanation: some say that the meaning is, that though they be defective, or one of them be so, yet their recompense will be complete. (Mgh.) It is also said in a trad., A_in~a AlEamala fiY Ea$ori *iY AlHij~api laA yanoquSu vawaAbuhu Eam~aA fiY $ahori ramaDaAna [ Verily the deed that is done on the tenth of Dhu-l-Hijjeh, the recompense thereof will not fall short of that which is in the month of Ramadán: for naqaSa Eano ka*aA means It fell short of such a thing. ] (Mgh.) [On the expression fiY Aln~uqoSaAni , as used in grammar, see gafiyrN .] -A2- naqaSahu , (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. naquSa , (Msb,) inf. n. naqoSN , (MS,) [and accord. to the TK tanoqaASN and nuqoSaAnN also, which last, however, is said in the MS to be an inf. n. of the intrans. verb only,] He made it to lose somewhat, decreased it, diminished it, curtailed it, lessened it, wasted it, impaired it, took from it, or made it defective or deficient or incomplete or imperfect, after it had been whole or complete or perfect; (Msb;) he made it (i. e. a share, or portion) defective or deficient: (K:) [the pronoun often relates to a man: see an ex. in art. Dwz , and another in art. wks :] this is the [most] chaste form of the verb, and is that which occurs in the Kur.: (Msb:) ↓ AnqShu also signifies the same; (M, Msb, K;) and so does ↓ nq~Shu , (Msb, K,) inf. n. tanoqiySN : (TA:) but these two are of weak authority, and do not occur in chaste language: (Msb:) and ↓ AntqShu signifies the same: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or this last signifies he took from it by little and little; as also ↓ tnq~Shu . (M, * TA [in the latter of which this is plainly said of both of the last two verbs; but in the M, it seems rather to be said of tnq~Sh only.]) [See an ex. of the verb followed by mn voce TarafN . You say also, naqaSa minohu ka*aA He cut off from it such a thing. ] ― -b2- naqaSa is doubly trans.: (Msb:) you say naqaSahu Haq~ahu , (A, Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. naqoSN ; (A, Mgh;) and in like manner, Haq~ahu ↓ AntqShu ; (M, A, * Mgh, * TA; *) He diminished, or impaired, to him his right, or due; endamaged him; or made him to suffer loss, or damage, or detriment, in respect of it; curtailed him, abridged him, deprived him, or defrauded him, of a portion of it; (Msb, * TA;) contr. of A^awofaAhu : (TA:) [and he abridged him, deprived him, or defrauded him, of it altogether; for naqaSahu A^aholahu wamaAlahu signifies sometimes He deprived him of his family and his property altogether: as appears from the following ex.:] nuqiSa A^aholahu wamaAlahu w

naqoSN * : see 1. ― -b2- [Used as a subst., Loss, or loss of somewhat, decrease, a state of diminution or lessening or washing or waning, defect, defectiveness, deficiency, incompleteness, or imperfection, after wholeness or completeness, or perfectness; as also ↓ nuqoSaAnN ; and ↓ manoqaSapN signifies the same as naqoS ] as here rendered, agreeably with the explanation (i. e. of mnqSp ) in the PS., which is kamiYo : or, accord. to the A, manoqaSapN seems to be syn. with naqiySapN in the sense assigned to this last in the S, or in certain senses assigned to it in the K, which see below; and thus to be more restricted in application than naqoSN ]. (S, TA.) ― -b3- Weakness of intellect: (M, TA:) and weakness with respect to religion and intellect. (TA.) You say, daxala Ealayohi naqoSN fiY diynihi waEaqolihi [ There came upon him a weakness in his religion and his intellect ]: but one should not say ↓ nuqoSaAnN [in this case]: (K:) app. because Aln~aqoS is “ weakness; ” whereas Aln~uqoSaAnu is only “ a going away [of part of a thing] after [its having been in] a state of completeness. ” (TA.)