قَرِيب

qariybN * Near in respect of place: (S, O, Msb, K, * &c.:) in this sense used alike as sing. and pl. (Kh, ISk, T, O, Msb, K *) and dual, (ISk, TA,) and as masc. and fem., (AA, Kh, Fr, ISk, T, S, O, Msb,) as is also baEiydN in the contr. sense: (Kh, ISk, TA:) the Arabs say huwa qariybN min~iY , (ISk, O, * TA,) and humaA qariybN min~iY , and humo qariybN min~iY , (ISk, TA,) and hiYa qariybN min~iY , &c., meaning fiY makaAnK qariybK [ in a place near, to me, or little removed from me:] (ISk, O, TA:) or when you say hinodN qariybN minoka , it is as though you said hinodN mawoDiEuhaA qariybN minoka [ Hind, her place is near to thee: ] (AA, Msb:) hence, [in the Kur vii. 54,] A_in~a raHomapa A@ll~`hi qariybN mina AlmuHosiniyna [ Verily the mercy of God is near unto the welldoers ]: (AA, ISk, O, Msb:) but it is allowable to say qariybapN , as also baEiydapN : (ISk, O, Msb, TA:) or (accord. to Zj, TA) qryb is here without p because rHmp is not really [but only conventionally] of the fem. gender: (S, O, TA:) [but this reason is not satisfactory, because it does not apply to other cases mentioned above:] and it is also said that it is without p because it is assimilated to an epithet of the measure faEuwlN , which does not receive the fem. affix p . (TA.) [Hence the phrase mino qariybK :] see qurobN , former half, in two places. And [hence also] you say, A_in~a qariybFA minoka zayodFA [ Verily Zeyd is in a place near to thee ]; like as you say, A_in~a qurobaka zayodFA . (Sb, TA.) ― -b2- [Also Near in respect of time, whether future, as in the Kur xlii. 16, &c.; or past, as in the Kur lix. 15. And hence qariybFA meaning Shortly after and before. And Nearly, as when one says, A^aqamotu biAlmawoDiEi qariybFA mino sanapK I remained, stayed, or abode, in the place nearly a year. Hence also the phrase Eano qariybK :] see qurobN , near the middle. ― -b3- And Near as meaning related by birth or by marriage: (S, O, Msb, K:) [and generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a relation, or relative: ] in this sense it receives the fem. form, by universal consent; so that you say, h`*ihi AlmaroA^apu qariybatiY [ This woman is my relation ]: (Fr, S, O, Msb: *) and likewise the dual form; so that you say, [ humaA qariybaAni and] humaA qariybataAni [ They two are relations ]: (AA, Msb:) [and it has a pl., namely, A^aqoribaA='u ;] you say, humo A^aqoribaAy^iY and A^aqaAribiY (S, A, O, K) [and A^aqorabiY~a , this last originally A^aqorabuwYa ; the first signifying They are my relations; and the second and third, properly, being pls. of ↓ A^aqorabu , They are my nearer, or nearest, or very near, relations; though in the T the second is said to be pl. of qariybN ; and in most of the copies of the K, but not in all, (for in some the first of these three words is omitted, as it is also in the TA,) it is implied that A^aqoribaA='u and A^aqaAribu and A^aqorabuwna (which are mentioned in the Msb without any distinction of meaning) are all to be understood in the latter sense]: and qurobN [also] is a pl. of qariybN [app. in the sense here assigned to it], like as gurobN is of gariybN ; (TA in art. zlf ;) and qarobaY is allowable as a pl. of fariybN : (T, TA:) the pl. of qariybapN is qaraAy^ibu . (T, Msb, TA.) And like as you say, huwa qariybiY [meaning He is my relation ], as too you say, ↓ huwa *uw qaraAbatiY (S, O, K) and min~iY ↓ *uw qaraAbapK and mn~Y ↓ *uw maqorubapK and min~iY ↓ *uw qurobaY ; (TA;) but not ↓ huwa qaraAbatiY ; (K;) [for only] the vulgar say this; as also humo qaraAbaAtiY : (S, O:) or, accord. to Z, ↓ huwa qaraAbatiY is allowable, being accounted for as a phrase in which the prefixed n. [ *uw ] is suppressed; and it has moreover been asserted to be correct and chaste in verse and prose: ↓ qaraAbapN also occurs in the trads. in the sense of A^aqaAribu : it is said in the Nh to be an inf. n. used as an epithet, agreeably with general analogy: and in the Tes-heel it is said to be a quasi-pl. n. of qariyb