قَرَّبَ

1 qaruba * , aor. qaruba , inf. n. qurobN (S, Mgh, O, Msb *) and qurobapN and qaraAbapN and qurobaY (Mgh, Msb) and maqorabapN , (Mgh,) [to which may be added some other syns. mentioned below with qurobN and qaraAbapN ,] It, and he, was, or became, near; (S, Mgh, O;) syn. danaA ; (S, O;) contr. of baEuda : (Mgh:) or qurobN is in place, and qurobapN is in station, or grade, or rank, and qaraAbapN and qurobaY are in Alr~aHim [meaning relationship, or relationship by the female side ]; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, accord. to the T, qaraAbapN is in Aln~asab [app. relationship in a general sense ], and qurobaY is in Alr~aHim [app. as meaning relationship by the female side ]: (TA:) You say, qaruba minohu , (A, MA, Msb, K,) and A_ilayohi ; (A;) and qaribahu , (S, MA, O, K,) aor. qaraba ; (S, K;) inf. n. (of the former verb, Msb) qurobN , (Msb, K,) or qurobN and qurobapN &c. as above, (Msb,) or qurobN and maqorabapN and maqorubapN ; (MA;) and (of the latter verb, S, MA, O) qirobaAnN (S, MA, O, K) and qurobaAnN ; (K;) he (a man, S, O) was, or became, near to it; (S, A, MA, O, K;) syn. danaA : (S, A, O, K:) or the former verb means thus; but when one says laA taqorabo ka*aA with fet-h to the r , the meaning is, occupy not thyself with doing such a thing: (MF, TA, &c.:) or qaribotu AlA^amora , aor. qaraba , and qarabotuhu , aor. qaruba , i. e., like taEiba and like qatala , inf. n. qirobaAnN , signifies I did the thing, or affair; or I was, or became, near, or I approached, to it, or to doing it [or to doing something with it or to it ]: an ex. of the former meaning is the saying [in the Kur xvii. 34], laA taqorabuwA A@lz~inaA [ Commit not ye fornication, or adultery; or, accord. to some, this is an ex. of the latter meaning]; and hence one says, qaribotu AlmaroA^apa , inf. n. qirobaAnN , a metonymical phrase, meaning I compressed the woman: and an ex. of the latter meaning is the saying, laA taqorabuwA AlHimaY i. e. laA tadonuwA minohu [meaning Approach not ye to doing, or to entering upon, the thing, or place, that is prohibited, or interdicted ]. (Msb.) And the Arabs say, of a man, when a thing has disquieted, or disturbed, and grieved, him, A^axa*ahu maA qaruba wamaA baEuda , as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He became, or has become, disquieted by reason of near and remote circumstances of his case: (O:) or recent and old griefs took hold upon him. (Mgh in art. qdm . [See art. bEd .]) danaA min~iY waqaruba is expl. by Zj as meaning He drew near to me and drew nearer. (T in art. dlw : see 5 in that art.) [And several other verbs belonging to this art. are syn., or nearly so, with qaruba or with qariba in senses expl. above. Thus ↓ Aqrb is syn. with qaruba in the first of the senses expl. above, like as A^adonaY is with danaA , for its inf. n.] AlA_iqoraAbu signifies Ald~ubuw~u . (TA.) ↓ Aqtrb , also, is syn. with qaruba in the first of the senses expl. above; (MA;) [i. e.] it is syn. with danaA : (Msb:) or it is syn. with ↓ tqArb , (S, O, K, TA,) signifying he, or it, drew near; (TA;) thus ↓ waA@qotaraba AlwaEodu [in the Kur xxi. 97] signifies tqArb [meaning And the fulfilment of the promise shall draw near ]: (S, O, TA:) and you say, Aqtrb min~iY [meaning He drew near to me ]: (A:) it is also said that is has a more particular signification than qaruba ; for it denotes intensiveness in Alqurob ; thus says Ibn-'Arafeh; probably meaning that it denotes labour and difficulty in the accomplishment of the act. (MF, TA.) ↓ tqr~b [likewise] is syn. with [ qaruba , i. e.] danaA , in the phrase tqr~b minohu : (O: [see qaruba minohu :]) or it signifies he drew near, or approached, by little and little, ( tadan~aY ,) to a thing. (TA.) And Al$~aYo'a ↓ qArb , (ISd, TA,) or AlA^amora , (Msb,) [like qaribahu in many instances,] signifies He was, or became, near, or he approached, to the thing, or affair, or to doing it. (ISd, Msb, TA.) ― -b2- qaruba , aor. qaruba , inf. n. qurobN signifies also (assumed tropical:) He formed an opinion that was near to

qurobN * [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] is the contr. of buEodN : (S, O:) [used as a simple subst., it signifies Nearness, and] it is said to be [properly, or primarily,] in respect of place; [i. e. vicinity; ] as distinguished from qurobapN &c. (Msb, TA.) You say, A_in~a qurobaka zayodFA [ Verily Zeyd is in thy vicinity; i. e., near thee in respect of place ]; but not A_in~a buEodaka zayodFA ; because qurob is more capable of being used as an adv. n. of place than buEod : in like manner they said also ↓ huwa quraAbataka , meaning [ He is in thy vicinity; i. e.,] near thee in respect of place. (Sb, TA. [See also qariybN .]) [And biAlqurobi minohu is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning In the vicinity of, or near in respect of place to, him, or it. ] And one says, tanaAwalahu mino qurobK and ↓ mino qariybK [ He took it, or took it with his hand, from a near place or spot ]. (A, Msb.) And raA^ayotuhu mino qurobK [and ↓ mino qariybK I saw him, or it, from a near place or spot, or from within a short distance ]. (S in art. Am ; &c.) ― -b2- It is also syn. with ↓ qaraAbN [signifying Nearness in respect of time ] as used in the saying AifoEalo *`lika biqaraAbK [i. e. Do thou that soon; like as one says, Eano ↓ qariybK ]: (K, TA:) accord. to the K, the word qrAb in this case is like saHaAb : but it is said in a prov., A^akoyasu ↓ AlfiraAru biqiraAbK , thus in the S, or, as some relate it, ↓ biquraAbK ; and IB says, J has cited this prov. [next] after the qiraAb of the sword, but should have said that AlqiraAbu is also syn. with Alqurobu , and should then have adduced the prov. as an ex. meaning The fleeing soon in eagerness of desire for safety [ is more, or most, shrewd ]: (TA:) [this rendering, however, requires consideration; for, accord. to Meyd, who gives only the reading biqiraAbK , the meaning of the prov. is, that he who flees with the ↓ qiraAb (by which is meant the scabbard) when the sword has passed away from his possession is more shrewd than he who causes, or suffers, the qiraAb also to pass away from him: in Freytag's Arab Prov. ii. 210, both of these explanations are given; but qryb is there erroneously put for qurob .] ― -b3- See also qaraAbapN . ― -b4- It is also a pl. of qariybN [q. v.]. (TA in art. zlf .) -A2- qurobN also, and ↓ qurubN , (S, O, K,) the former of which is the original, (TA,) signify The xaASirap [or flank ]: (O, K:) or [the part ] from the $aAkilap [which is syn., or nearly so, with xaASirap ,] to the maraAq~ [or soft parts ] of the belly: (S, O, K:) and likewise from the rafog [generally meaning groin ] to the armpit, on each side: (TA:) [properly used in relation to a horse:] sometimes metaphorically used in relation to a she-camel, and to an ass [meaning a wild ass, and also to a man: see 5, last sentence]: (TA:) pl. A^aqoraAbN ; (T, S, O, K;) which is also used in the place of the dual. (T, TA.)

qarabN * [mentioned in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. as an inf. n.] is [said to be] a subst., signifying A journey to water when it is a night's journey distant: or, as As said, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, (S, O,) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ qiraAbapN [which is also mentioned as an inf. n. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art.]; (K;) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the second following day being called TalaqN : (S, O:) and the seeking water by night: or, when it is not more than a night's journey distant: or the first day in which one journeys to water when it is two days distant; the second day being called TalaqN : (K: [but the converse seems to be the truth, being asserted by several of the highest authorities, and agreeable with the derivation of each of the two words: see TalaqN :]) or the night after which, in the morning, one arrives at the water: (TA:) and layolapu Alqarabi is the night in which people with their camels hasten to the water in a journey such as is termed qarabN baSobaASN ; this latter term being applied to signify a people's letting their camels pasture while they are journeying towards water; and when there remains an evening between them and the water, hastening towards it: (S, O:) or, as is said on the authority of As, layolapu Alqarabi is the second night after the pastor has turned the faces of his camels towards the water, and so left them to pasture; this second night being the night of hard driving; and the first night being called layolapu AlT~alaqi : accord. to AA, [the journey called] Alqarabu is [ the journey to water ] during three days, or more. (TA.) And [hence] Alqaraba is used to signify What is a night's journey distant. (S in art. nwb , in explanation of a verse cited in that art. [Or, accord. to IAar, qarab there signifies near, so as to be visited repeatedly: or, as AA says, at such a distance as to be visited once in three days. ]) [See also a saying mentioned voce HawozN .] ― -b2- Also A well of which the water is near [ to the mouth ]. (O, K.)