زَعَمَ

1 zaEama * , (S, Msb,) aor. zaEuma , (Msb, MS, JM, [not mentioned in the S nor in the K, app. because well known,]) inf. n. zaEomN and zuEomN and zEomN , (S, Msb, K,) the first of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (Msb, TA,) the second of the dial. of [the tribe of] Asad, (Msb,) or Benoo-Temeem, (TA,) and the third of the dial. of some of [the tribe of] Keys; (Msb;) [generally best rendered He asserted; for it mostly relates to a thing not certainly known: or] he said; (S, Msb, K;) as in the phrases zaEamati AlHanafiy~apN [ The Hanafees said or asserted, or have said or asserted, ] and zaEama siybawayohi [ Seebaweyh said or asserted, or has said or asserted ]; (Msb;) [and zaEama A^an~ahu ka*aA He said, or asserted, that it was thus; ] either truly or falsely: (K:) mostly used in relation to a thing respecting which there is doubt, (Sh, Az, Msb, K,) and which is not certainly known: (Sh, Az, Msb:) or it is mostly used in relation to that which is false, or that respecting which there is doubt, or suspicion: (El-Marzookee, Msb:) or, as those skilled in the language of the Arabs say, in relation to a thing of which the speaker doubts, and does not know whether it may not be false: (Lth:) or zaEama zaEomFA means he related a piece of information not knowing whether it were true or false. (IKoot, Msb.) Hence the saying, zaEama maTiy~apu Alka*ibi [i. e. (assumed tropical:) zaEama is the conveyer, or vehicle, (properly the camel, or beast, that serves as the conveyer, ) of lying ]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., biy^osa maTiy~apu Alr~ajuli zaEamuwA [(assumed tropical:) Very evil, or bad, is the man's conveyer zaEamuwA ]: i. e., when a man desires to journey to a country, or town, he mounts his camel, or beast, that serves to convey him, and journeys until he accomplishes the object of his want: therefore, that with which the speaker prefaces his speech, and by means of which he attains the object of his desire, when he says zaEamuwA ka*aA waka*aA , is likened to the camel, or beast, by means of which he attains the object of want: for zaEamuwA is [generally] said only in the case of a narration that has no authority whereon to rest, and that contains no proof. (TA.) IKh says that Alz~aEomu is used in relation to that which is discommended; and that its primary signification is said by some of the expositors of the Kur-án to be The act of lying: (TA: [this signification is also given in the K, as being contr. to the first:]) some say that it is metonymically used in this sense: (Msb:) and it is expl. as having this meaning in the Kur [vi. 137], where it is said, faqaAluwA h`*aA lil~`hi bizaEomihimo , i. e. [ And they have said, “ This belongeth unto God, ”] with their lying. (Lth, TA.) ― -b2- [Sometimes] zaEamahu signifies He described him, or it. (Har p. 204.) ― -b3- And sometimes zaEama signifies He promised: whence the saying of ' Amr Ibn-Sha-s, taquwlu halakonaA A_ino halakota waA_in~amaA EalaYA@ll~`hu A^arozaAqu AlEibaAdi kamaA zaEamo [ Thou sayest, or she says, “ We perish if thou perish: ” but verily upon God lie the means of subsistence of mankind, i. e. it lies upon Him to supply these, as He has promised ]. (TA.) ― -b4- Alz~aEomu is used also in the sense of AlZ~an~u : (Msb, TA:) one says, fiY zaEomiY ka*aA [ In my opinion it is thus ]. (Msb.) [Hence, likewise,] zaEamotaniY ka*aA , (K,) aor. tazoEumuniY , (TA,) Thou thoughtest me to be thus. (K, TA.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, faA_ino tuzoEumiyniY kunotu A^ajohalu fiykumu faA_in~iY $arayotu AlHiloma baEodaki biAljaholi [ And if thou think me such that I used to be ignorant, or to act ignorantly, among you, know that I have purchased intelligence since I was with thee ( baEodaki being for baEoda EahodiY biki ) in exchange for ignorance ]. (TA. [The meaning of tzEmynY is there indicated by the context.]) ― -b5- It is also used in the sense of AlAiEotiqaAdu : whence the saying in the Kur [lxiv. 7], zaEama A@l~a*iyna kafaruw A^ano lano yuboEavuwA [ They who have disbelieved our revelations have bel