χάρις (charis)

grace

grace:

I outward grace, favour, beauty, graces, gracefully

in objective sense, outward grace or favour, beauty, prop. of persons or their portraits, θεσπεσίην δʼ ἄρα τῷ γε χάριν κατεχεύατʼ Ἀθήνη Od. 2.12, etc.; χάριν ἀμφιχέαι κεφαλῇ Hes. Op. 65; εὐμόρφων δὲ κολοσσῶν ἔχθεται χ. ἀνδρί A. Ag. 417 (lyr.): pl., graces, κάλλεϊ καὶ χάρισι στίλβων Od. 6.237; ὄσσοις χάριτας Ἀφροδίτης ἔχων E. Ba. 236; μετὰ χαρίτων gracefully, Th. 2.41: less freq. of things, χ. δʼ ἀπελάμπετο πολλή, of ear-rings, Il. 14.183; of works, ἔργοισι χάριν καὶ κῦδος ὀπάζει Od. 15.320; of w

2 glory

glory, Φερενίκου χ. Pi. O. 1.18, cf. 8.57, 80.

II grace, favour felt

in subjective sense, grace or favour felt, whether on the part of the doer or the receiver (both senses appear in such phrases as ὅτʼ . . ἡ χάρις χάριν φέροι S. OC 779; χάρις χάριν γάρ ἐστιν ἡ τίκτουσʼ ἀεί Id. Aj. 522, cf. E. Hel. 1234, Arist. Rh. 1385a16):

1 grace, kindness, goodwill, for, towards, kind feeling towards, partiality, favour

on the part of the doer, grace, kindness, goodwill, τινος for or towards one, Hes. Op. 190; τῶν Μεσσηνίων χάριτι πεισθείς Th. 3.95; οὐ χάριτι τῇ ἐμῇ not for any kind feeling towards me, Antipho 5.41: abs., εἰ δέ τις μείζων χ. A. Supp. 960; τῆς παλαιᾶς χ. ἐκβεβλημένη S. Aj. 808; ἦ μεγάλα χ. δώρῳ σὺν ὀλίγῳ Theoc. 28.24; χ. εὑρεῖν ἐναντίον τοῦ θεοῦ LXX Ge. 6.8, al.; χάριν ἔχειν πρὸς τὸν δῆμον Plu. Dem. 7; partiality, favour, μήτε ἔλεον μήτε συγγνώμην μήτε χ. μηδεμίαν περὶ πλείονος ποιήσασθαι τῶν νό

2 sense of favour, thankfulness, gratitude, for, thanks for, a sense of favour, feel grateful, for, gratitude, thanks, for, gratitude, gratitude, thanks from, for, thank

more freq. on the part of the receiver, sense of favour received, thankfulness, gratitude, χάριν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο Il. 4.95; ἀρέομαι πὰρ Σαλαμῖνος Ἀθαναίων χ. Pi. P. 1.76; τινος for a thing, οὐδέ τίς ἐστι χάρις μετόπισθʼ εὐεργέων Od. 4.695, cf. 22.319; ἀντὶ πόνων χ. Th. 4.86: less freq. c. inf., οὐκ ἄρα τις χάρις ἦεν μάρνασθαι one has, it seems, no thanks for fighting, Il. 9.316, 17.147; οἵ οἱ ἀπεμνήσαντο χ. εὐεργεσιάων Hes. Th. 503, cf. Th. 1.137; χάριν φέρειν τινί Pi. O. 10(11).17; χ. τροφεῦσιν

3 favour, influence

favour, influence, opp. force, χάριτι τὸ πλέον ἢ φόβῳ Th. 1.9; χ. καὶ δεήσει, opp. ἀπειλῇ, Plu. Sull. 38.

4 love-charm, philtre

love-charm, philtre, Luc. Alex. 5, Merc.Cond. 40.

III a favour, boon, a favour, to oblige, indulge, humour, a favour, a boon, a return, favours, favour

in concrete sense, a favour done or returned, boon, χάριν φέρειν τινί confer a favour on one, do a thing to oblige him, Il. 5.211, 874, 9.613, Od. 5.307, E. IT 14, Or. 239, And. 2.24 (so in Med., of the recipient, ib. 9); ἄλλοις χ. φέροντες Th. 3.54; χάριν θέσθαι or τίθεσθαί τινι, Hdt. 9.60, 107, A. Pr. 782, E. Hec. 1211, etc.; προσθέσθαι S. OC 767; χ. ὑπουργῆσαί τινι A. Pr. 635; παρασχεῖν S. OC 1183; πράσσειν E. Ion 36, 896 (lyr.); δράσας Th. 2.40; ἀνύσαι prob. in S. Tr. 995 (anap.); νέμειν Id.

b grant, grants

grant made in legal form, POxy. 273.14 (i A.D.), PGrenf. 2.70.5 (iii A.D.), etc.; αἱ τῶν Σεβαστῶν χ. imperial grants, OGI 669.44 (Egypt, i A.D.).

2 favours granted

esp. in erotic sense, of favours granted (v. χαρίζομαι 1.3), ἀλόχου χάριν ἰδεῖν Il. 11.243, cf. A. Ag. 1206: more freq. in pl., X. Hier. 1.34, 7.6, etc.; βίᾳ δʼ ἔπραξας χάριτας ἢ πείσας κόρην; Trag.Adesp. 402; in full, χάριτες ἀφροδισίων ἐρώτων Pi. Fr. 128, cf. Pl. Phdr. 254a, al.

IV gratification, delight, in, from, a delight

gratification, delight, τινος in or from a thing, συμποσίου Pi. O. 7.5; νίκας Id. O. 10(11).78; ὕπνου χ. E. Or. 159 (lyr.); even χ. γόων Id. Supp. 79 (lyr.); also concrete, of things, a delight, Pi. I. 2.19 (pl.); τὰν βοτρυώδη Διονύσου χ. οἴνας E. Ba. 535 (lyr.), cf. Ar. Nu. 311 (lyr.), Jul. Or. 3.125b; ἔνοπτρα, παρθένων χάριτας E. Tr. 1108 (lyr.): abs., Ἔρως . . εἰσάγων γλυκεῖαν χ. Id. Hipp. 527 (lyr.); opp. λύπη, S. El. 821, E. Hel. 655 (lyr.); opp. πόνος, S. OC 232 (lyr.); θανεῖν πολλὴ χάρις

V homage due, worship, majesty

δαιμόνων χάρις homage due to them, their worship, majesty, A. Ag. 182 (lyr.); ἀθίκτων χ. ib. 371 (lyr.); ὅρκων E. Med. 439 (lyr.).

2 thank-offering

thank-offering, εὐκταία χ. τινός, opp. a common gift, A. Ag. 1387, cf. X. Hier. 8.4; ἔπεμψε χαίτην κουρίμην χ. πατρός A. Ch. 180, cf. 517; τιμὴ καὶ γέρα καὶ χ. Pl. Euthphr. 15a, cf. La. 187a.

Special usages:

1 in, favour, for, pleasure, for, sake, for, pleasure, for, sake

acc. sg. as Adv., χ. τινός in any oneʼs favour, for his pleasure, for his sake, χ. Ἕκτορος Il. 15.744; ψεύδεσθαι γλώσσης χ. for oneʼs tongueʼs pleasure, i.e. for talkingʼs sake, Hes. Op. 709, cf. A. Ch. 266; rarely with Art., τὴν Ἀθηναίων χάριν ἐστρατεύοντο Hdt. 5.99.

b for the sake of, on behalf of, on account of, for, reason?, for, pleasure, sake, as far as regards . . , as to, if, would serve, about, about, being a favour, since it is (was) a favour

as Prep., sts. before its case (once in Pi., P. 2.70; χάριν πλησμονῆς Pl. Phdr. 241c; χ. φιλίας Epicur. Sent.Vat. 28; χ. τίνος; LXX 2 Ch. 7.21, cf. POxy. 743.29 (i B. C.), etc.), but mostly after, for the sake of, on behalf of, on account of, κακά νιν ἕλοιτο μοῖρα δυσπότμου χάριν χλιδᾶς S. OT 888 (lyr.); τοῦ χάριν; for what reason? Ar. Pl. 53; συγχωρῶ τοῦ λόγου χ. Pl. R. 475a; so ἐμὴν χάριν, χάριν σήν, for my, thy pleasure or sake, A. Pers. 1046 (lyr.), E. HF 1238, etc.; κείνου τε καὶ σὴν ἐξ ἴσο

with Preps.:

a to do a pleasure, thanks

εἰς χάριν to do a pleasure, οὐδὲν ἐς χ. πράσσων Id. OT 1353 (lyr.); ἐς χ. τίθεσθαί τι Plu. Mar. 46; μηδὲ κρίσιν εἰς χ. ἕλκε Ps.-Phoc. 9 (but ἐς τὴν τῶν ξυμμάχων χ. in such a way as to earn thanks . . Th. 3.37); also κατὰ χάριν Pl. Lg. 740c; χάριτος ἕνεκα ib. 771d.

b for the sake, as a favour, freely, to, heartʼs content

πράσσειν τί τινι πρὸς χάριν S. OC 1776 (anap.); δρᾶσαι E. Hel. 1281; τοῖσι πολλοῖς πρὸς χάριν λέγειν τι Id. Hec. 257, cf. X. Mem. 4.4.4, HG 6.3.7, Isoc. 2.18, D. 8.1 (but πρὸς χ. βορᾶς for the sake of it, S. Ant. 30); πρὸς χ., opp. κλαίων, Id. OT 1152:—but πρὸς χ. εὐσεβίας, just like χάριν, Pi. O. 8.8; τίνος νόμου ταῦτα πρὸς χ. λέγω; S. Ant. 908; πρὸς ἰσχύος χ. E. Med. 538; πρὸς χ. alone, as a favour, freely, πρὸς χ. τε κοὐ βίᾳ S. Fr. 28; but κορέσαι στόμα πρὸς χ. to their heartʼs content, Id. P

c from partiality, for, gratification, pleasure, gratefully

ἐν χάριτι κρίνειν τινά to decide from partiality to one, Theoc. 5.69; but also, for oneʼs gratification, pleasure, ἐν χάριτι διδόναι or ποιεῖν τινί τι, X. Oec. 8.10, Pl. Phd. 115b: παραλαμβάνειν ἐν χάρισιν gratefully, Id. Lg. 796b.

d pleasing

διὰ χαρίτων εἶναι or γίγνεσθαί [τινι] to be pleasing to one, X. Hier. 9.1, 2.

e of pure good will

ἐθελοντὶ καὶ μετὰ χάριτος of pure good will, Plb. 2.22.5, etc.; ἐθελούσιοι καὶ χάριτος ἕνεκα ἐξιόντες X. Cyr. 4.2.11.

VII the cypress, myrtle, salt

metaph. of the cypress, Gp. 11.4.1; of some kind of myrtle, Sch. Il. 17.51; of salt, ὅτι τὸ ἀναγκαῖον ἡδὺ ποιοῦσιν (sc. ἅλες) Plu. QConv. 2.685a.

B Charis, the Graces, Graces

Χάρις, ἡ, as a mythological pr. n. declined like χάρις, save that the acc. is generally Χάριτα (exc. AP 5.148 (Mel.), Luc. DDeor. 17[15].1, Paus. 9.35.4): poet. dat. pl. Χαρίτεσσι Il. 17.51, Pi. N. 9.54; Χάρισσιν ib. 5.54:—Charis, wife of Hephaestus, Il. 18.382; mostly in pl. Χάριτες, αἱ, the Graces, 14.267, 275, Od. 6.18, Pi. O. 2.50, etc.; three in number, Hes. Th. 907, etc. (τέσσαρες αἱ X., as a compliment, Call. Epigr. 52.1); attendants of Aphrodite, Il. 5.338, Hes. Op. 73, h.Ven. 61, Paus.

χάρις

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