ἤδη

1 already, by this time, already

already, by this time, νὺξ ἤ. τελέθει ʼtis already night, Il. 7.282; ἤ. Τρώεσσιν ὀλέθρου πείρατʼ ἐφῆπται ib. 402: with numerals, ἤ. γὰρ τρίτον ἔτος Od. 2.89; τρίτην ἤ. ἡμέραν Pl. Prt. 309d; ἔτος τόδʼ ἤ. δέκατον S. Ph. 312; ἦν δʼ ἦμαρ ἤ. δεύτερον ib. 354; τελοῦντες ἕκτον ἕβδομόν τʼ ἤ. δρόμον Id. El. 726; ἤ. γὰρ πολὺς ἐκτέταται χρόνος Id. Aj. 1402.

2 forthwith, immediately, now at length, urgent, immediate

forthwith, immediately, φρονέω δὲ διακρινθήμεναι ἤ. Ἁργείους καὶ Τρῶας Il. 3.98; λέξον νῦν με τάχιστα, ὄφρα καὶ ἤδη . . ταρπώμεθα κοιμηθέντες Il. 24.635, cf. Od. 4.294; ἤ. νῦν . . μεγάλʼ εὔχεο Il. 16.844; στείχοις ἂν ἤ. S. Tr. 624; ἤδη . . στέλλεσθε; Id. Ph. 466; μετὰ τοῦτʼ ἤ. Ar. Th. 655; ἤ. ποτέ now at length, Mitteis Chr. 87.8 (ii A.D.); on the verso of a letter, urgent, immediate, PCair.Zen. 154 (iii B.C.); ἤ. ἤ. ταχὺ ταχύ PMag.Osl. 1.319.

3 actually, now, present

opp. to the future or past, actually, now, οὐκ ὄναρ, ἀλλʼ ὕπαρ ἤ. Od. 20.90; τοῖς μὲν γὰρ ἤ., τοῖς δʼ ἐν ὑστέρῳ χρόνῳ S. OC 614; οἱ μὲν τάχʼ, οἱ δʼ ἐσαῦθις, οἱ δʼ ἤ. E. Supp. 551; οὐ τάχʼ, ἀλλʼ ἤ. Ar. Ra. 527; ἡ ἤ. χάρις present favour, D. 23.134; τὸ ἤ. κολάζειν X. An. 7.7.24.

4

of logical proximity, ἤ. γὰρ ἂν προστίθεσθαι Pl. Tht. 201e; τὰ ἐκ τούτων ἤ. συγκείμενα ib. 202b; πᾶς ἤ. ἂν εὕροι Id. R. 398c; ἃν σὺ ὁμολογήσῃς, ταῦτʼ ἤ. ἐστὶν αὐτὰ τἀληθῆ Id. Grg. 486e; τοῦτο τοὔπος δεινὸν ἤ. Ar. Ach. 315; τὰ πάντα τὰ πράγματα διαφθείραντα ταῦτʼ ἐστὶν ἤ. D. 19.19.

b further, as well

καὶ ἤ. and further, as well, ἐμέ τε καὶ σὲ καὶ τἆλλʼ ἤ. Pl. Tht. 159b, cf. S.E. P. 1.53, 219, etc.

c for instance

for instance, Aen. Tact. 4.1, 10.25.

d only then, then and not before

only then, then and not before, τότʼ ἤδη A. Pr. 911, Isoc. 12.25, Ep. 6.9; ἐνταῦθʼ ἤ. Aeschin. 3.140; κακοπαθοῦντες ἤ. τῶν λόγων ἅπτονται Th. 1.78.

5 up to this time

with Sup., ὦ πάντων ἀνδρῶν ἤ. μάλιστα . . κτησάμενε up to this time, Hdt. 8.106; μέγιστος ἤ. διάπλους Th. 6.31: with Comp., ἤδη . . λόγου μέζων Hdt. 2.148.

II now already, even then, now

joined with other words of time, ἤ. νῦν now already, Il. 1.456, A. Ag. 1578; νῦν ἤ. Od. 23.54, S. Ant. 801 (anap.); ἤ. ποτέ Il. 1.260, S. Aj. 1142, Ar. Nu. 346; ποτʼ ἤ. A. Eu. 50; ἤ. πώποτε Eup. 214, Pl. R. 493d; πάλαι ἤ. S. OC 510 (lyr.); ἤ. τότε even then, Pl. R. 417b; ἐπεὶ ἤ. Od. 4.260; εἰ ἤ. Il. 22.52; τὸ τηνίκʼ ἤ. S. OC 440; τὸ λοιπὸν ἤ. Id. Ph. 454; ἄλλοτε ἤ. πολλάκις Pl. R. 507a; ἤ. γε even now, D. 19.52.

III

of place, ἀπὸ ταύτης ἤ. Αἴγυπτος after this Egypt begins, Hdt. 3.5, cf. 2.15, 4.99, E. Hipp. 1200; Φωκεῦσιν ἤ. ὅμορος ἡ Βοιωτία ἐστίν Th. 3.95. (In general, cf. Arist. Ph. 222b7.)