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ἐλέγχω

elegcho

to revile, disgrace

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 112 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. ἐλέγχω · elenchō — Beekes

ἐλέγχω [v.] 1. ‘to revile, disgrace’ (Hom.); 2. ‘to cross-examine, bring to proof, accuse, question’ (Hdt. Pi., Att.); on the mg. Daux REGr. 55 (1942): 252ff. «τεῦ *hJleng’- ‘revile’?> VAR ἐλέγξαι (11.), fut. ἐλέγξω, aor. pass. ἐλεγχθῆναι with ἐλεγχθήσομαι, perf. ἐλήλεγμαι, 355. -γκται (Att.). *DER To 1. ἔλεγχος [η.] (like ὄνειδος) ‘revile, disgrace’ (Hom., Hes., Pi.), plur. also of persons, ‘coward’; msc. ἐλεγχέες … — [Beekes, s.v. ἐλέγχω, p. 451]

2. ἐλέγχω · elenchō — Chantraine

ἐλέγχω : pr. (Od. 21,329, ion.-att.), f. -ἐγξω (ion.-att.), aor. -eyéx (IL 9,522, ion.-att.), passif aor. ἠλέγχθην, f. -εγχθήσομαι, pf. ἐλήλεγμαι, 89 sg. -Ύκται, 1) Chez Hom. seulement (ὦ ex.) « faire honte de, mépriser » ; 2) En ionienattique sens dialectique issu de l'usage des tribunaux « chercher à réfuter (par dés questions notamment), faire subir un contre-interrogatoire, réfuter, convaincre », etc. Thèmes à … — [Chantraine, s.v. ἐλέγχω, p. 348]

3. ἐλέγχω · elenchō — Frisk

ἐλέγχω, ἐλέγξαι (seit Il.), Fut. ἐλέγξω, Aor. Pass. ἐλεγχϑῆναι mit ἐλεγχϑήσομαι, Perf. ἐλήλεγμαι, 3.8g. -γκται (att.) 1. “beschirnpfen, schmähen, tadeln, zu Schanden machen’ (Hom.); 2. “"beschämen, übertreffen, überführen, widerlegen, den Beweis führen, beschuldigen, zur Untersuchung ziehen, ausfragen’ (Hdt., Pi., att.); zur Bedeutung Daux REGr. 55, 252ff. — Ableitungen. Zu 1: ἔλεγχος n. (wie ὄνειδος) "Schimpf, … — [Frisk, s.v. ἐλέγχω, p. 518]

4. ἐλέγχω · elenchō — LSJ

disgrace, put to shame, treat, with contempt, put, to shame

disgrace, put to shame, μῦθον ἐ. treat a speech with contempt, Il. 9.522; ἐ. τινά put one to shame, Od. 21.424.—This usage is only Ep.

II cross-examine, question, accuse, to be convicted

cross-examine, question, Hdt. 2.115, Pl. Ap. 18d, etc.; μὴ ʼλεγχε τὸν πονοῦντα A. Ch. 919; φύλαξ ἐλέγχων φύλακα S. Ant. 260; τί ταῦτʼ ἄλλως ἐλέγχεις; Id. OT 333, cf. 783; ἔλεγχʼ, ἐλέγχου Ar. Ra. 857; ἐ. τινὰ περί τινος Id. Pl. 574; ἕνεκά τινος Antiph. 207.10; τὰς ἀρχὰς βασάνοις χρώμενοι ἐλεγχόντων Pl. Lg. 946c: c. acc. et inf., accuse one of doing, E. Alc. 1058:—Pass., to be convicted, Hdt. 1.24, 117; ἐλεγχόμενοι εἴ τι περιγένοιτο τῶν χρημάτων D. 35.36, cf. Pl. Prt. 331c, 331d: with part., ἐλεγχ

2 test, bring to the proof

test, bring to the proof, ἀνδρῶν ἀρετὰν παγκρατὴς ἐλέγχει ἀλάθεια B. Fr. 10.2; πρᾶγμʼ ἐ. A. Ag. 1351 (Pass., τὸ πρᾶγμʼ ἐλεγχθέν Ar. Ec. 485); λόγον Pl. Sph. 242b (Pass., Id. Tht. 161e): with subject. clause, ἐ. τινά, εἰ . ., A. Ch. 851, Ar. Eq. 1232.

3 prove, bring convincing proof

prove, τοῦτο ἐ. ὡς . . Pl. Phdr. 273b, cf. Sph. 256c: abs., bring convincing proof, ὡς ἡ ἀνάγκη ἐ. Hdt. 2.22; αὐτὸ τὸ ἔργον ἐ. Th. 6.86; περί τινος D. 21.5.

4 refute, confute, proves that, avail not

refute, confute, τινά or τι, Pl. Grg. 470c, al., D. 28.2, Luc. Nigr. 4:—Pass., Pl. Tht. 162a; χρυσὸς κληῖδας ἐλέγχει proves that they avail not, AP 5.216 (Paul.Sil.).

b put right, correct, prove by a reductio ad impossibile

put right, correct, prove by a reductio ad impossibile, ὅσα ἔστιν ἀποδεῖξαι, ἔστι καὶ ἐλέγξαι τὸν θέμενον τὴν ἀντίφασιν τοῦ ἀληθοῦς Arist. SE 170a24; παράδοξα ἐ. Id. EN 1146a23.

5 get the better of

get the better of, στρατιὰν ὠκύτατι ἐ. Pi. P. 11.49, cf. D.P. 750, Him. Or. 1.16.

6 expose, betray

expose, τινὰ ληροῦντα Pl. Tht. 171d, cf. X. Mem. 1.7.2, M.Ant. 1.17; betray a weakness, Democr. 222.

7 decide

decide a dispute, ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν δύο LXX Ge. 31.37.

In the wild

6 of 312 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. ἐλέγχω (scan pp. 451-452; entry #1995). Root candidates: *hJleng’-.
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. ἐλέγχω (scan pp. 348-349; entry #2402).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. ἐλέγχω (scan pp. 518-519; entry #1836).

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