răpĭo — Lewis & Short
răpĭo, pŭi, ptum, 3 (old
I perf. subj. rapsit, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; part. perf. fem. ex raptabus, Gell. ap. Charis. p. 39 P.), v. a. root a(rp; Gr. a(/rph, a bird of prey, a(rpagh/, a(rpa/zw; Lat. rapidus, rapax, rapina, etc.; cf. Sanscr. lup-, lumpāmi, rumpo; Gr. lu=ph/, to seize and carry off, to snatch, tear, drag, draw, or hurry away, = violenter sive celeriter capio (freq. and class.; in Cæs. not at all, and in Cic. mostly in the trop. signif.; cf.: ago, fero, traho, capio, sumo).
I Lit.
A In gen., Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 15; 30; 31:
quo rapitis me? quo fertis me?id. Men. 5, 7, 10; cf. Verg. A. 6, 845; Ov. M. 9, 121:
quo me cunque rapit tempestas?Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 15; cf. id. C. 3, 25, 1:
sumasne pudenter an rapias,snatch, id. Ep. 1, 17, 45; cf. id. S. 1, 5, 76:
hostes vivos rapere soleo ex acie: ex hoc nomen mihi est (sc. Harpax),Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 60:
te ex lustris uxor,id. As. 5, 2, 84:
volucri spe et cogitatione rapi a domo,Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:
ab aede rapuit funale,Ov. M. 12, 247:
torrem ab aris,id. ib. 12, 271:
deque sinu matris ridentem . . . Learchum . . . rapit,id. ib. 4, 516 (for which, simply sinu, id. ib. 13, 450):
hastam, de vulnere,id. ib. 5, 137:
telum,Verg. A. 10, 486:
repagula de posti,Ov. M. 5, 120:
(frondes) altā rapit arbore ventus,id. ib. 3, 730:
vi atque ingratis ... rapiam te domum,Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:
aliquem sublimem domum,id. As. 5, 2, 18; cf.:
sublimem,id. Mil. 5, 1; id. Men. 5, 7, 6; Ter. And. 5, 2, 20:
commeatum in naves rapiunt,Liv. 41, 3:
aliquem in jus,Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 21; so,
in jus,id. Poen. 5, 5, 56; Hor. S. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72; cf.:
in jus ad regem,Liv. 1, 26:
in carcerem,Suet. Tib. 11; 61:
aliquem ad cornuficem,Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 156; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 37:
ad praetorem,id. Aul. 4, 10, 30:
ad supplicium ob facinus,Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 238:
ad mortem,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 138; id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:
ad tortorem,id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:
ad poenam,Suet. Claud. 10; 37; id. Vit. 14:
ad consulem,Liv. 10, 20:
matres, virgines, pueros ad stuprum,id. 26, 13:
teneram virginem ad virum,Cat. 61, 3 (cf.:
rapi simulatur virgo ex gremio matris, aut, si ea non est, ex proximā necessitudine, cum ad virum traditur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit,Fest. p. 289 Müll.):
illum (sc. lembum) in praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,Verg. G. 1, 203:
nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divum rapiam,drag into open day, Hor. C. 1, 18, 13. — Poet.:
Nasonis carmina rapti,i. e. torn from his home, borne far away, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1; cf. id. H. 13, 9; Stat. S. 3, 5, 6. —
B With the idea of swiftness predominating:
Turnus rapit Totam aciem in Teucros,Verg. A. 10, 308:
rapit agmina ductor,Luc. 1, 228:
agmina cursu,Sil. 7, 116:
legiones,Plin. Pan. 14:
curru rapi,Sil. 1, 134:
quattuor hinc rapimur raedis,Hor. S. 1, 5, 86:
Notus rapit biremes,Sil. 17, 276:
carinas venti rapuere,Luc. 3, 46:
rapit per aequora navem,hurries it away, Verg. A. 10, 660; cf.:
ventis per aequora,Ov. M. 14, 470:
missos currus,Hor. S. 1, 1, 114:
pedes quo te rapiunt,id. C. 3, 11, 49:
arma rapiat juventus,snatch up, Verg. A. 7, 340; so,
arma,Ov. M. 2, 603:
arma manu,Verg. A. 8, 220:
bipennem dextrā,id. ib. 11, 651:
cingula,id. ib. 9, 364.—
2 With reflex. pron., to hasten, hurry, tear one's self, etc.:
ocius hinc te Ni rapis,Hor. S. 2, 7, 118; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 5, 29:
se ad caedem optimi cujusque,Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18.—
C In partic.
1 To carry off by force; to seize, rob, ravish; to plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by force, etc. (very freq.; cf.
praedor),Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 11:
erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset,Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62:
tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranm ab regibus,id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:
virgines rapi jussit ... quae raptae erant, etc.,id. ib. 2, 7, 12; 2, 8, 14; so,
virgines,to carry off, abduct, Sall. C. 51, 9; Liv. 1, 9; Quint. 7, 7, 3; 9, 2, 70; Hor. C. 2, 4, 8; Ov. M. 12, 225; id. A. A. 1, 680:
raptus a dis Ganymedes,Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:
ab Idā,Hor. C. 3, 20, 16:
omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,id. ib. 3, 3, 52:
alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,pillage and plunder, Verg. A. 2, 374 (the Homeric a)/gousi kai fe/rousi; for which, in prose, ferre et agere; v. ago); cf.:
rapturus moenia Romae,Luc. 3, 99:
Theumeson,to seize by force, Stat. Th. 4, 370:
Armeniam,to plunder, lay waste, Tac. A. 13, 6:
Karthaginem,Sil. 15, 401:
urbem,Stat. Th. 7, 599:
raptas ad litora vertere praedas,Verg. A. 1, 528.— Absol.:
rapio propalam,Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 10:
ut Spartae, rapere ubi pueri et clepere discunt,Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (Non. 20, 14):
agunt, rapiunt, tenent,id. Rep. 3, 33, 45 Mos.; cf.
along with trahere,Sall. C. 11, 4; id. J. 41, 5;
with congerere, auferre,Mart. 8, 44, 9.— With the idea of rapidity predominating: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, to conquer rapidly (= raptim capere), Liv. 6, 23, 5 Drak.; so,
castra,Flor. 3, 20, 4; 4, 12, 34:
Bithyniam,id. 3, 5, 6:
Hispaniam,id. 2, 17, 6:
arces,Luc. 6, 14.— Part. perf. subst.
(a) rapta, ae, f., the ravished one, the seduced:
gratus raptae raptor fuit,Ov. A. A. 1, 680; id. H. 5, 97; 13, 55; 16, 339; id. F. 4, 607.—
(b) raptum, i, n., the plunder, that which is stolen:
rapto vivere,to live by robbery, Liv. 7, 25 fin.; 22, 39; 28, 24: Quint. 3, 7, 24; Sen. Ep. 70 fin.; Curt. 3, 10 fin.; Just. 41, 4, 7; Verg. A. 7, 749; Ov. M. 11, 291; id. Tr. 5, 10, 16;
for which: ex rapto vivere,id. M. 1, 144; so,
rapto gaudere,Liv. 29, 6, 3 Drak.:
rapto potiri,Verg. A. 4, 217:
rapto uti,Vell. 2, 73, 3:
sine rapto vivere,id. 2, 32 fin.—
2 To cut off, mutilate (poet.):
caput,Sil. 15, 807:
ora gladio,id. 7, 704:
rapuit non dente ferarum,Luc. 10, 517.—
3 To carry off suddenly or prematurely by death, to snatch away (poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes,Hor. C. 2, 13, 20; so id. ib. 2, 17, 5; 4, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 14, 7; Verg. A. 6, 428; Ov. P. 4, 11, 5; Stat. S. 2, 1, 208; 5, 3, 16; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46; Suet. Calig. 7; Just. 2, 2, 13 (but Liv. 3, 50, 8: fato erepta, v. Drak.)— Absol.:
et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis,i. e. hurries on, Verg. G. 3, 68:
RAPTA EST = obiit,Inscr. Orell. 4475.
II Transf. (poet.), of any action or motion which resembles seizing, snatching, etc.:
flammanm,to catch quickly, Verg. A. 1, 176; Ov. M. 3, 374; cf.:
incendia,id. ib. 15, 350: nigrum colorem, to take or assume quickly, id. ib. 7, 289; cf.:
vim monstri,id. ib. 4, 744;
and v. III.: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populos,leads hastily on, Verg. A. 7, 725; cf. id. ib. 10, 178: rapiuntque ruuntque; Litora deseruere, take hold, seize in haste (the cables, etc.), id. ib. 4, 581; cf.:
scalas, Auct. B. Alex. 20, 4.—Of the gliding movement of a serpent nec rapit immensos orbes per humum,sweeps along, Verg. G. 2, 153:
pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit,i. e. range quickly through, Verg. A. 6, 8 Heyne; cf.:
acrior et campum sonipes rapit,Stat. Th. 5, 3.
III Trop.
A In gen., to snatch, force, or hurry away:
fertur quasi torrens oratio, quamvis multa cujusquemodi rapiat,Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3:
ipsae res verba rapiunt,carry along with them, id. ib. 3, 5, 19: aspice me quanto rapiat Fortuna periclo, carries away (the figure taken from a storm at sea), Prop. 1, 15, 3:
aliquem in deteriorem viam,Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 54; cf.:
(comoediam) in pejorem partem,i. e. to put a bad construction upon, to misconstrue, misrepresent, Ter. Ad. prol. 3: consilium meum in contrariam partem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:
aliquem in invidiam,Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 7:
opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem,id. Leg. 2, 17, 43:
si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,Verg. A. 9, 211; Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:
cum aliqua his ampla et honesta res objecta est, totos ad se convertit et rapit,seizes upon, appropriates, id. Off. 2, 10, 37; cf.:
commoda ad se,id. ib. 3, 5, 22:
victoriae gloriam in se,Liv. 33, 11 fin.:
almum Quae rapit hora diem,snatches away, Hor. C. 4, 7, 8; cf.:
simul tecum solatia rapta,Verg. E. 9, 18:
impetus rapit huc, rapit illuc,Stat. Th. 12, 794.—
B In partic.
1 To carry along or away with passion, to transport, ravish, captivate; and with a designation of the limit, to carry or hurry away, to attract strongly to any thing (usually in a bad sense):
impetu raptus,Quint. 7, 2, 44:
judicem rapere,id. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. 10, 1, 110; 12, 10, 61:
praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas caeca te rapiebat,Cic. Pis. 24, 57:
amentiā rapi,id. Fam. 16, 12, 2:
furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa?Hor. Epod. 7, 13; cf.:
in medias res auditorem,id. A. P. 149:
utraque forma rapit,Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 44:
quem (sc. leonem) cruenta Per medias rapit ira caedes,Hor. C. 3, 2, 12:
rapit omnes ira,Sil. 14, 299: o(rmh/, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit, Cic. Off. 1, 28 fin.; cf. Verg. A. 4, 286; 8, 21:
ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur,Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38:
animus cupidine caecus ad inceptum scelus rapiebat,Sall. J. 25, 7:
ea (cupiditas) ad oppugnandam Capuam rapit,Liv. 7, 30 et saep.—In a good sense:
qui ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā omni studioque rapiantur,Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111:
rapi ad opes augendas generis humani,id. Rep. 1, 2, 3. — Poet., with inf. (for ad aliquid):
(mundus) rapit aetherios per carmina pandere census,Manil. 1, 12.—
2 To seize by violence, to snatch, steal (poet.): Hippodameam raptis nactu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 398 Vahl.):
oscula,Hor. C. 2, 12, 28; Tib. 1, 4, 53; 55; 1, 8, 58; cf.:
Venerem incertam,Hor. S. 1, 3, 109; cf.:
sed rapiat sitiens Venerem,but may eagerly seize upon, Verg. G. 3, 137:
illicitas voluptates,Tac. H. 3, 41:
spem adoptionis acrius in dies,id. ib. 1, 13 fin.:
quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit expediam,id. A. 4, 1; cf. id. H. 2, 6.—
3 With the idea of rapidity or haste predominating, to snatch, seize, or lay hold of quickly, to hasten, precipitate (poet.; in prose only since the Aug. per.): vive, Ulixes, dum licet: Oculis postremum lumen radiatum rape: non dixit cape, non pete; haberet enim moram sperantis diutius sese victurum;
sed rape,Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162 (from an old poet.):
rapiamus, amici, Occasionem de die,Hor. Epod. 13, 3; so,
occasionem,Juv. 15, 39:
viam,to hasten, Ov. H. 19, 74 Loers; cf.
iter,Sil. 12, 471:
gressus,Luc. 3, 116:
cursus,id. 5, 403:
letum,id. 4, 345:
bellum,to wage suddenly, id. 5, 403:
nefas,to hasten, precipitate, id. 10, 428:
ut limis rapias, quid prima secundo Cera velit versu,may hastily note, Hor. S. 2, 5, 53 al.—In prose:
raptae prope inter arma nuptiae,Liv. 30, 14, 2 Drak.:
repente impetu facto transitum rapuit,Front. Strat. 1, 4, 8:
inter rapienda momenta periculorum communium,Amm. 18, 7, 7 et saep.—
4 In late Lat., to strive for in purchasing:
exemplaria litterarum certatim,Hier. Ep. 57, 2:
librum totā certatim urbe,Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23.