ὀφείλω (opheilo)

1. ὀφείλω · opheilō — Beekes

ὀφείλω [v.] ‘to owe, be obliged, be due’ (IA, also II.). 41Ὲ *h,b’el- ‘owe, be obliged’> eVAR ὀφέλλω (Aeol., Arc. also Hom.), ὀφήλω (Cret., Arc. Arg.), sigm. aor. ὀφειλfeat, pass. -ηθῆναι, fut. -ἡσω (Hell. also -éow), perf. ὠφείληκα (Att.), them. aor. ὦφελον, ὄφελον (1]., Att.). Further ὀφλισκάνω ‘to be guilty, incur punishment, be sentenced’, fut. ὀφλ-ήσω, saor. -foat, perf. ὥφληκα (Att.), pte. FopAnKdot [dat.pl.], … — [Beekes, s.v. ὀφείλω, p. 1183]

2. ὀφείλω · opheilō — Chantraine

ὀφείλω : (ion.-att., II. 11,686, 688, 698), ὀφέλλω (Hom., arcad., Schwyzer 665 A, éol. 16 XII 2, 67), crétois ὀπέλω (Schwyzer 179 X 20) et ὀφήλω (crétois, Bechtel, Gr. Dial. 2,688 ; arcad. Schwyzer 657,40). Le mycénien a les formes indicatif 8° pl. operosi, participe operote (— ὀφείλοντες), {. operosa : la graphie de ces formes ne permet pas de préciser le vocalisme de la seconde syllabe, -ελ-, τελλ-, -Ex-. Sur le … — [Chantraine, s.v. ὀφείλω, p. 858]

3. ὀφείλω · opheilō — Frisk

ὀφείλω (ion. att., auch Il.), ὀφέλλω (äol., ark., auch Hom.), ὀφήλω (kret., ark., arg.), Aor. 1. ὀφειλ-ῆσαι, Pass. -ηϑῆναι, Fut. «ἤσω (hell. auch -20w), Perf. ὠφείληκα (att.), Aor. 2. ὥφελον, ὄφελον (cp. scit Il., att.), auch m. Präfix, z.B. προ-, προσ-, “schuldig sein, zu bezahlen haben, verpflichtet sein, sollen’; daneben ὀφλισκάνω, Fut. ὀφλ-ήσω, Aor. 1. -noaı, Peıf. ὥὦφληκα (att.), Ptz. Dat. pl. ξοφληκόσι, 3. pl. … — [Frisk, s.v. ὀφείλω, p. 1422]

4. ὀφείλω · opheilō — Frisk

ὀφείλω, ὀφλισκάνω. Darüber Szemerenyi Syncope 199ff. mit einer neuen Etymologie, die von Beekes Development 56 nicht ohne Grund abgelehnt wird. — Myk. o-pe-ro-ta = ὀφείλοντα, 0-po-ro = ὦφλον u.a. — [Frisk, s.v. ὀφείλω, p. 2291]

5. ὀφείλ-ω · opheil-ō — LSJ

owe, have to pay, account for, do I owe?, to be debtor, to be in debt, debtors, to be due, a debt

owe, have to pay or account for, τὸ καὶ μοιχάγριʼ ὀφέλλει Od. 8.332; ὅτι μοι . . ζωάγριʼ ὀφέλλεις ib. 462; χρεῖος, τό ῥά οἱ πᾶς δῆμος ὄφελλεν 21.17; πολέσιν γὰρ Ἐπειοὶ χρεῖος ὄφειλον Il. 11.688; ζημίην ὀ. τῷ θεῷ Hdt. 3.52, etc.: metaph., μητέρα μοι ζώουσαν ὀφέλλετε Call. Fr. 126; τί ὀφείλω; what do I owe? Ar. Nu. 21; ὀ. ἀργύριον, χρέα, Id. Av. 115, Nu. 117; ὀ. ἢ θεῷ θυσίας ἢ ἀνθρώπῳ χρήματα Pl. R. 331b; ὀ. τινὶ δρᾶν τι ib. 332a: c. dat. only, ὀ. τινί to be debtor to another, Ar. Nu. 1135, Lys. 5

2 what is due

metaph., ὀ. μέλος τινί Pi. O. 10(11).3; πολλὰ δώμασιν καλά E. HF 287; ὀ. χάριν, v. χάρις I.2; Ἀπόλλωνι χαριστήρια X. Cyr. 7.2.28; τὴν ψυχὴν πᾶσιν Ael. VH 10.5:—Pass., ὀφείλεταί τινι ἐκ θεῶν κλέος A. Fr. 315; ὀ. τινὶ εὐεργεσία Th. 1.137; ἀντὶ χαρίτων ἔχθραι ὀ. X. Cyr. 4.5.32; τοῖς μὲν ἐχθροῖς βλάβην ὀ., τοῖς δὲ φίλοις ὠφελίαν Pl. R. 335e, cf. 332b; τοὐφειλόμενον πράσσουσα Δίκη what is due, A. Ch. 310.

3 to be bound to render, incur

as a legal term, to be bound to render, εὐθύνας ὤφειλον And. 1.73 codd. (f.l. for ὦφλον): hence, like ὀφλισκάνω, incur a penalty, ζημίαν Lys. 9.10; διπλῆν τὴν βλάβην Id. 1.32, cf. E. Andr. 360; τὴν τοιαύτην δίκην Pl. Lg. 909a, cf. 774b, 774d, 844e, D. 21.77; ἁμαρτίαν ὀ. Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ IG 3.74.15 (ii/iii A. D.).

4 to be due, liable to, our help is due

in Pass., of persons, to be due or liable to, θανάτῳ πάντες ὀφειλόμεθα Simon. 122, cf. LXX Wi. 12.20, IG 3.1381; but τοιαύταις χερσὶν ὀφειλόμεθα our help is due, AP 9.283 (Crin.).

II to be bound, to be obliged, ye are bound, ye ought to, ought, it is, destiny

c. inf., to be bound, to be obliged to do, ὀφέλλετε ταῦτα πένεσθαι ye are bound, ye ought to . . , Il. 19.200, cf. Hdt. 1.41, 42, al., E. Alc. 682, 712, etc.; and of things, ought to be, ὁ λόγος οὐκ ἀκριβῶς ὀ. λέγεσθαι Arist. EN 1104a2:—Pass., δράσαντι γάρ τοι καὶ παθεῖν ὀφείλεται A. Fr. 456; σοὶ τοῦτʼ ὀφείλεται παθεῖν it is thy destiny to . . , S. Ph. 1421, cf. El. 1173; ὡς πᾶσιν ἡμῖν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται E. Alc. 419, cf. 782, Or. 1245, Lys. 25.11; v. supr. Ι.4.

2 ought to have, ought, owe

in this signf. Ep. impf. ὤφελλον or ὄφελλον and aor. ὤφελον or ὄφελον are used of that which one has not, but ought to have, done (ought being the pret. of owe), ὤφελεν ἀθανάτοισιν εὔχεσθαι Il. 23.546; νῦν ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος 10.117, cf. Od. 4.472.

3 ought to, would that, would that, O that thou hadst!, O that I had . . !, would thou hadst

these tenses are also used, folld. by pres. or aor. inf., in wishes that something were or had been in present or past, ἀνδρὸς . . ὤφελλον ἀμείνονος εἶναι ἄκοιτις I ought to be . . , would that I were . . ! Il. 6.350; τὴν ὄφελʼ ἐν νήεσσι κατακτάμεν Ἄρτεμις would that Artemis had slain her !, Il. 19.59, cf. Od. 4.97; τιμήν πέρ μοι ὄφελλεν Ὀλύμπιος ἐγγυαλίξαι Il. 1.353: freq. preceded by εἴθε (Ep. αἴθε) , ὡς, ὡς δή, which express the wish still more strongly, αἴθʼ ὄφελες ἄγονός τʼ ἔμεναι ἄγαμός τʼ

with ind., ὤφελε μηδʼ ἐγένοντο θοαὶ νέες Call. Epigr. 19.1, cf. Q.S. 10.378, etc.

ὄφελον (Adv. acc. to A.D. Adv. 142.9, EM 643.48) in this signf.: c. acc. et inf., ὤμοι ἐγών, ὄφελόν με . . ὀλέσθαι Orph. A. 1159: even with 2 pers. of Verb, ὄφελον ἐβασιλεύσατε 1 Ep.Cor. 4.8, cf. 2 Ep.Cor. 11.1, Ep.Gal. 5.12, Apoc. 3.15, LXX Jb. 14.13, Ath. 4.156a; ὄφελον δυνήσῃ Luc. Sol. 1 (as a solecism): with 3 pers., Arr. Epict. 2.18.15, D.Chr. 38.47: with 1 pers. pl., ὄφελον ἀπεθάνομεν LXX Ex. 16.3; ὤφελον (sic) εἰ ἐδυνάμεθα πέτασθαι PGiss. 17.10 (ii A. D.): c. inf., ὄφελομ μὲν ἡ θεὸς . . σ

III it behoves, due

impers. ὀφείλει, it behoves, c. acc. et inf., Pi. N. 2.6; ὄφελλέ με μήτε . . εἰσοράαν κτλ. A.R. 3.678: so pers. in part., abs., αἱ ὀφείλουσαι ἱερουργίαι τῶν θεῶν the due services of the gods, PTeb. 294.24 (ii A. D.); κατὰ τὸν ὀφείλοντα καιρόν Sor. 1.79. (ὦφλον, ὤφληκα, aor. and pf. of ὀφλισκάνω, were prob. orig. aor. and pf. of ὀφείλω: ὄφελον in signf. II. 3c may be orig. neut. part. of ὤφελε (signf. III) with omission of ἐστί.)

ὀφείλω

Where it lives

What it meant

In the wild

Where it came from

Downloads

Ask the librarian