haṃ

3. ha ind. ( prob. orig. identical with 2. gha, and used as a particle for emphasizing a preceding word, esp. if it begins a sentence closely connected with another; very frequent in the Brāhmaṇa s and Sūtra s, and often translatable by) indeed, assuredly, verily, of course, then &c. (often with other particles, e.g. with tveva, u, sma, vai &c.; naha, ‘not indeed’; also with interrogatives and relatives, e.g. yaddha, ‘when indeed’; kaddha, ‘what then?’ sometimes with impf. or pf. [ cf. Pāṇ. iii, 2, 116 ]; in later language very commonly used as a mere expletive, esp. at the end of a verse), RV. ; &c.

ham ind. an exclamation expressive of anger or courtesy or respect (also hambho, or hambhoḥ; cf. haṃho), Divyāv. ; Jātakam.

2. hā (not always separable fr. √ 3. hā) cl. 3. Ā. ( Dhātup. xxv, 7 ) jihīte ( p. jihāna [ q.v. ]; pf. jahire, AV. ; aor. ahāsta, RV. &c.; fut. hātā Gr. ; hāsyate, Br. ; MBh. ; inf. hātum, ib. ; ind.p. hātvā Gr. ; hāya, RV. ), to start or spring forward, bound away, give way to ( dat. ), RV. ; to spring or leap upon (?), RV. x, 49, 5 ; to go or depart or betake one's self to have recourse to ( acc. ), Nalod. ; to fall or come into any state, Kir. : Pass. hāyate ( aor. ahāyi) Gr. : Caus. hāpayati ( aor. ajīhapat), ib. : Desid. jihāsate, ib. : Intens. jahāyate, jāhāti, jāheti, ib.

3. hā cl. 3. P. ( Dhātup. xxv, 8 ) jahāti (rarely cl. 1. jahati; 3. du. jahītaḥ or jahitaḥ, Impv. jahīhi or jahihi [or jahāhi, Pāṇ. vi, 4, 117 ]; jahītāt, AV. ; Pot. jahyāt, AV. &c.; pf. jahau, jahuḥ, RV. &c.; jahe, Br. ; aor. ahāt, ib. &c.; ahāsīt, Gr. ; 3. sg. ahās, RV. ; ahāsi, AV. ; hāsiṣṭa, ib. ; fut. hātā, Gr. ; hāsyati, te, AV. &c.; jahiṣyati, MBh. &c.; inf. hātum, ib. ; ind.p. hitvā. [ q.v. ], RV. &c.; hitvī, tvāya, RV. ; hītvā, Gr. ; hāya, Br. , hīyam, TS. ), to leave, abandon, desert, quit, forsake, relinquish (with śarīram, deham, prA RAn , asūn, jīvitam &c. = ‘to die’), RV. &c. &c.; to discharge, emit, ib. ; to put away, take off, remove, lay aside, give up, renounce, resign, avoid, shun, abstain or refrain from, Mn. ; MBh. &c.; to disregard, neglect, ib. ; to lose, be deprived of R. ; Kām. ; to get rid of, escape from, Up. ; MBh. &c.; to cause to emit (with śardham, ‘to cause to break wind’), Vop. : Pass. hīyate or hīyate ( ep. also hīyati; aor. ahāyi), to be left or abandoned or deserted &c.; to be left behind, fall short of ( abl. ), RV. &c. &c.; to be excluded from or bereft of ( abl. or instr. ; with prA REH , ‘to die’), KaṭhUp. ; Mn. ; MBh. &c.; to be overtaken by ( instr. ), MBh. ; to be deficient or wanting, suffer loss or injury, fail (also in a lawsuit), decrease, wane, decline, come to an end, ChUp. ; Mn. ; MBh. &c.; to weigh less (at the ordeal of the balance), Yājñ., Sch. ; to be given up or avoided, Bhartṛ. ( v.l. ); to be subtracted, VarBṛS. ; to become detached from (with abl. or instr. ), fall out (as hair), BhP. : Caus. hāpayati ( mc. also te aor. ajīhapat; jīhipaḥ, RV. ), to cause to leave or abandon &c.; to omit, neglect, Mn. ; MBh. &c.; to fall short of, be wanting in ( acc. ), MBh. ; Cāṇ. ; to give up (asūn, ‘life’), Hariv. ; to lose (kālam, ‘time’), Kām. ; to abandon (pratijñām, ‘a thesis’), Jātakam. : Desid. jihāsati, to wish to leave or abandon, Daś. ; BhP. ; HPariś. ; to wish to reject or disdain, Prab. ; to wish to escape, Sarvad. : Intens. jehīyate, jāhāti, jāheti Gr.