idam

iḍ ( fr. √ 1. iṣ; connected with irā, q.v. ; only in inst. gen. abl. sing. , and acc. pl. iḍā and iḍas; or, according to the spelling of the Ṛgveda , iā and ias), a refreshing draught, refreshment, libation offered to the gods, RV.

indeed, assuredly (especially, in strengthening an antithesis, e.g. ya/TA va/Santi devA/s ta/Te/ d asat , as the gods wish it, thus indeed it will be, RV. viii, 28, 4 ; di/psanta i/d ripa/vo nA/ ha deBuH , the enemies wishing indeed to hurt were in nowise able to hurt, RV. i, 147, 3 ). id is often added to words expressing excess or exclusion ( e.g. viśvait, every one indeed; śaśvadit, constantly indeed; ekait, one only). At the beginning of sentences it often adds emphasis to pronouns, prepositions, particles ( e.g. tvamit, thou indeed; yadiit, if indeed, &c.) id occurs often in the Ṛg - veda and Atharva - veda , seldom in the Brāhmaṇa s, and its place is taken in classical Sanskṛt by eva and other particles.

1. idam ayam, iyam, idam ( fr. id, Uṇ. iv, 156 ; g. sarvA di , Pāṇ. i, 1, 27 ; Vop. ; a kind of neut. of the pronom. base 3. i with am [ cf. Lat. is , ea , id , and idem ]; the regular forms are partly derived from the pronom. base a; see Gr. 224 ; the Veda exhibits various irregular formations, e.g. fr. pronom. base a, an inst. enā, ayā [used in general adverbially], and gen. loc. du. ayos, and perhaps also avos, in RV. vi, 67, 11 ; vii, 67, 4 ; x, 132, 5 [ BRD. ]; fr. the base ima, a gen. sing. imasya, only, RV. ; the RV. has in a few instances the irregular accentuation asmai, v, 39, 5 , &c.; asya, iv, 15, 5 , &c.; ābhis, vi, 25, 2 , &c. : the forms derived fr. a are used enclitically if they take the place of the third personal pronoun, do not stand at the beginning of a verse or period, and have no peculiar stress laid upon them), this, this here, referring to something near the speaker

(opposed to adas, e.g. ayaṃlokaḥ or idaṃviśvam or idaṃsarvam, this earthly world, this universe; ayamagniḥ, this fire which burns on the earth; but asāvagniḥ, that fire in the sky, i.e. the lightning: so also idam or iyam alone sometimes signifies ‘this earth’; imesmaḥ, here we are.) idam often refers to something immediately following, whereas etad points to what precedes ( e.g. SrutvE tad idam UcuH , having heard that they said this). idam occurs connected with yad, tad, etad, kim, and a personal pronoun, partly to point out anything more distinctly and emphatically, partly pleonastically ( e.g. tadidaṃvākyam, this speech here following ; soyaṃvidūṣakaḥ, this Vidūṣaka here).

2. idam ind. [ Ved. and in a few instances in classical Sanskṛt ] here, to this place

1. īḍ cl. 2. Ā. īṭṭe (2. sg. pres. īḍiṣe, Ved. īiṣe, pf. īḍe, fut. īḍiṣyate, aor. aiḍiṣṭa, inf. īḍitum, Ved. īe, &c.) to implore, request, ask for (with two acc. ); to praise, RV. ; AV. ; VS. ; R. ; BhP. &c.: Caus. P. īḍayati, to ask; to praise, BhP.