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The corpus record

σῖτος

sitos

corn (especially wheat), bread, food

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 98 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. σῖτος · sitos — Beekes

σῖτος [m.] ‘corn (especially wheat), bread, food’ (II.), see Moritz Class. Quart. 49 (1955): 135ff. for the semantics. *VAR Plur. σῖτα [n.]. *DIAL Myc. si-to. «COMP Numerous compounds, e.g. σιτ-αγωγός ‘conveying corn’ (Hdt., Th.), σιτηρέσιον [n.] ‘provision of grain, (money for) victualling, pay (X., D., Hell. and late), σύσ-σιτος [m.] ‘table companion, messmate’ (Thgn., etc.), whence ovaait-ta [pl.], -la, … — [Beekes, s.v. σῖτος, p. 1387]

2. σῖτος · sitos — Chantraine

σῖτος : m., pl. ἢ. collectif σῖτα (X., Hdt., etc.), d’où le sing. σῖτον (Delphes) «grain des céréales», surtout orge, aussi blé; en mycén. sito dans des listes de rations avec les idéogrammes de l'orge et du blé (ChadwickBaumbach 244), d'où déjà chez Hom. « pain » (ou plutôt « galette » ?) par opposition à la viande, au vin, etc.; allocation de farine, nourriture, provisions; mais en ce sens plutôt pl. n. σιτία en … — [Chantraine, s.v. σῖτος, p. 1027]

3. σῖτος · sitos — Frisk

σῖτος m., pl. σῖτα τι. "Getreide, bes. Weizen, Brot, Speise’ (seit Il.; zur Bed. Moritz Class Quart. N.S. 5, 135ff.); myk. si-to. Zahllose Kompp., z.B. σιτ-αγωγός "Getreide zuführend’ (Hdt., Th. u.a.; Chantraine Etudes 91); σιτ-ηρέσιον ἢ. "Getreideversorgung, (Geld zum) Verproviantieren, Sold’ (X., D., hell. u. sp.), wohl mit Unterdrückung des Zwischenglieds für Ἐσιτ-ὐπ-ηρέσιον zu τὸν σῖτον (τὰ σιτία) ὑπηρετεῖν … — [Frisk, s.v. σῖτος, p. 1683]

4. σῖτος · sitos — Frisk

σῖτος. Myk. si-to-ko-wo; auch in si-to-po-ti-ni-ja? Vgl. GerardRousseau Les mentions rel. 206f. — Nach Ruijgh Kadmos 9 (1970) 1172. vorgriechisch (minoisch ?). — Zur Bed. von σῖτος und σιτέομαι Moussy Recherches sur τρέφω 11-25. — [Frisk, s.v. σῖτος, p. 2304]

5. σῖτος · sitos — LSJ

grain, the corn, its, corn

grain, comprehending both wheat (πυρός) and barley (κριθή), ἐν [Ἰθάκῃ] σ. ἀθέσφατος ἐν δέ τε οἶνος γίγνεται Od. 13.244; περὶ σίτου ἐκβολήν about the shooting of the corn into ear, Th. 4.1; τοῦ σ. ἀκμάζοντος at its ripening, Id. 2.19; πρὶν τὸν σ. ἐν ἀκμῇ εἶναι Id. 4.2; τὸν νέον σ. σὺν τῇ καλάμῃ ἀποκείμενον X. An. 5.4.27; σ. ἀληλεσμένος or -εμένος ground corn, Hdt. 7.23, Th. 4.26; σ. ἀπηλοημένος D. 42.6; σῖτον ἐσαγαγεῖν Th. 2.6, etc.; σ. ἐπείσακτος D. 18.87; σίτου εἰσαγωγή, ἐξαγωγή, Arist. EN 1133

2 food made from grain, bread

food made from grain, bread, opp. flesh-meat, σ. καὶ κρέα Od. 9.9, 12.19, cf. Hdt. 2.168; σῖτον ἔδοντες, a general epith. of men as opp. to beasts, ὅσσοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσιν ἐπὶ χθονὶ σ. ἔδ. Od. 8.222, cf. 9.89; of savages, who eat flesh only, οὐδέ τι σῖτον ἤσθιον Hes. Op. 146; of civilized men, σῖτον καὶ σπείρουσι καὶ σιτέονται Hdt. 4.17; σωρὸν σίτου κεχυμένον Id. 1.22; ἐσθίειν ἐπὶ τῷ σ. ὄψον X. Mem. 3.14.2; κάρδαμον ἔχειν ἐπὶ τῷ σ. Id. Cyr. 1.2.11; πίνειν ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τῷ σ. ib. 6.2.27, cf. Plu. Them.

3 food, provisions

in a wider sense, food, as opp. to drink, σ. ἠδὲ ποτής Od. 9.87, cf. Il. 19.306; σ. καὶ οἶνος Od. 3.479, Il. 9.706; σ. καὶ μέθυ Od. 4.746, etc.; even of porridge (κυκεών), 10.235; σῖτα καὶ ποτά Hdt. 5.34, X. An. 2.3.27; σ. ποιεῖν καὶ οἶνον Pl. R. 372a; ἄκμηνος σίτοιο Il. 19.163, cf. A. Fr. 182; εὐνὴ καὶ σ. Od. 20.130, cf. Il. 24.129; ὕπνον καὶ σ. αἱρεῖσθαι Th. 2.75; provisions, σῖτα ἀναιρέεσθαι Hdt. 4.128; παρέχειν σῖτα καὶ νέας Id. 7.21; παρέχειν μέχρι τριάκοντα ἡμερῶν σ. Foed. ap. Th. 5.47.

4 fodder, food

rarely of beasts, fodder, Hes. Op. 604, E. HF 383 (lyr.), X. Eq. 4.1.—In the general sense of food, Prose writers prefer the dim. form σιτία, τά.

II allowance of grain

in Att. Law, allowance of grain made to widows and orphans. σῖτον διδόναι, ἀποδιδόναι, D. 27.15, 28.11, Arist. Ath. 56.7.

2

δίκην σίτου δικάσασθαι, bring an action under the Athen. Corn-law against regraters and monopolists, Is. 3.9, cf. D. 59.52.

3 allowance

allowance made to the Ἱππεῖς, IG 1(2).304.4, al.

4 public distribution of corn

public distribution of corn in Rome, Lat. frumentatio, τὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ σίτου ὄντα ἐν Ῥώμῃ Arr. Epict. 1.10.2.

In the wild

6 of 579 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. σῖτος (scan pp. 1387-1388; entry #5535).
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. σῖτος (scan p. 1027; entry #7265).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. σῖτος (scan pp. 1683-1684; entry #5155).

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