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The corpus record

ταρβέω

tarbeo

to be startled, shy, shun

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

  • Trachiniae 6 · 8.26/10k
  • Eumenides 3 · 5.72/10k
  • Rhesus 3 · 5.58/10k
  • Prometheus Bound 3 · 5.1/10k
  • Iphigenia in Aulis 4 · 4.48/10k
  • Orestes 3 · 3.06/10k
  • Suppliants 2 · 2.84/10k
  • Hecuba 2 · 2.79/10k
  • Ajax 2 · 2.54/10k
  • Philoctetes 2 · 2.27/10k
  • Suppliant Maidens 1 · 2.07/10k
  • Seven Against Thebes 1 · 1.99/10k

Densest 12 of 21 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. ταρβέω · tarbeō — Beekes

ταρβέω [v.] ‘to be startled, shy, shun’ (epic poet. since 1],). eVAR Aor. ταρβῆσαι, perf. τετάρβηκα (E.). DIAL Boeot. τάρβειμι (Hdn. Gr.). «COMP Rarely with mpo-, ὑπο-, ἐκ-. 1452 τάργανον *DER τάρβος [η.} ‘fright, shyness’ (QO 152 = 181, trag.; ταρβο-σύνη [f.] (σ 342), with -ovvog ‘frightening’ (A. Th. 240 [lyr.]), after γηθο-σύνη, -συνος; ἀ-ταρβ-ής [adj.] ‘fearless’ (N 299, Pi.), from tapBéw or τάρβος; … — [Beekes, s.v. ταρβέω, p. 1502]

2. ταρβέω · tarbeō — Chantraine

ταρβέω : béot. τάρδειμι (Hdn. Gr. 2,930), lesb. τάρθημι (Ale.), aor. inf. ταρδῆσαι, le présent et l'aoriste chez Hom. et les poètes, rarement en prose; part. τετάρδηχκα (E. 1.4. 857); «avoir peur, être effrayé », le verbe est opposé à θαρσέω, mais distingué chez Hom. de φοδοῦμαι qui signifie proprement « fuir » et de la famille de δείδω qui s'applique à une crainte réfléchie ; également avec ἐκ-, προ-, ὑπο- (J1. … — [Chantraine, s.v. ταρβέω, p. 1113]

3. ταρβέω · tarbeō — Frisk

ταρβέω, böot. τάρβειμι (Hdn. Gr.), Aor. ταρβῆσαι, Perf. τετάρβηκα (E.), vereinzelt m. προ-, öno-, &x-, “(vor etw.) erschrekken, scheuen’ (ep. poet. seit Il., sporadisch in hell. u. sp. Prosa). Daneben τάρβος n. “Schrecken, Scheu’ (2152 = 181, Trag., ganz vereinzelt in sp. Prosa); erweitert in ταρβοσύνη f. (0 342) mit -ovvos “schreckhaft’” (A. Th. 240 [lyr.]) nach γηϑο-σύνη, -συνος (Wyss -σύνη 27 u. 38). Mehrere … — [Frisk, s.v. ταρβέω, p. 1827]

4. ταρβ-έω · tarb-eō — LSJ

to be frightened, alarmed, feels fear, a state of fear, from fear, fear-stricken

to be frightened, alarmed, Il. 2.268, al.; θάρσεο . . φρεσί, μηδέ τι τάρβει Il. 24.171, cf. 21.288, Od. 7.51, 18.331; οὐδέ τι θυμῷ ταρβεῖ οὐδὲ φοβεῖται nor feels fear, neither turns to flight, Il. 21.575, cf. E. Ph. 361; τὼ μὲν ταρβήσαντε καὶ αἰδομένω βασιλῆα στήτην Il. 1.331; πῶς δʼ οὐχὶ ταρβεῖς τοιάδʼ ἐκρίπτων ἔπη; A. Pr. 932, cf. 898 (lyr.), Pers. 685; τὸ ταρβοῦν a state of fear, E. Or. 312; μή με ταρβήσας προδῷς from fear, S. Ph. 757; ταρβήσασʼ ἔχω Id. Tr. 37; τεταρβηκώς fear-stricken, E. IA

II fear, dread

c. acc., fear, dread, ταρβήσας χαλκόν Il. 6.469; πληθύν 11.405; τίς κέ σʼ ἔτʼ ἄλλος Ἀχαιῶν ταρβήσειεν 17.586, cf. A. Pr. 960, Th. 35, S. Tr. 723, Theoc. 21.62, etc.

2 stand in awe of, revere

stand in awe of, revere, σέβας, χρησμούς, A. Eu. 700, 714, cf. S. OC 292.-- Poet. word, rare in Prose, as Epicur. Ep. 3p.62U., Pl. Ax. 370a, Plu. Ant. 39.

In the wild

6 of 62 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. ταρβέω (scan pp. 1502-1503; entry #5968). Root candidates: *terg’-, *tpaB-, *terk-.
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. ταρβέω (scan p. 1113; entry #7858).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. ταρβέω (scan pp. 1827-1828; entry #5556).

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