LOGOI

The corpus record

τραχύς

trachus

rough, uneven, stony, bumpy

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 51 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. τρᾶχύς · trachys — Beekes

τρᾶχύς [adj.] ‘rough, uneven, stony, bumpy’, metaphorically ‘severe, harsh’ (1].λ 41Ε *d'rh,-g'-u- ‘rough’ > VAR Epic Ion. τρηχύς. DIAL Myc. PN ta-ra-ke-wi-[ja]? (Lejeune REGr. 75 (1962): 342). *COMP τραχύφωνος (-n-) ‘with a coarse voice’ (Hp., Ὁ. 5, et al.), ὑπότραχυς (-η-) ‘somewhat rough’ (Hp. et al.). *DER 1. τραχύτης (-η-), Att. τραχυτής [f.] ‘coarseness, unevenness, severity’ (Democr., PL, X., Arist. etc.). 2. … — [Beekes, s.v. τρᾶχύς, p. 1552]

2. τρᾶχύς · trachys — Chantraine

τρᾶχύς : ép. et ion. τρηχύς, Î. -εἴα, ion. -ἕα, n. -V : «“rugueux, aux arêtes vives» en parlant d'une pierre, « rude, rocailleux » dit d'une voix rude ou qui se casse, de situations difficiles, de personnes rudes ou dures, etc, (Hom., ion.-att., etc.). Composés : au premier terme τραχοῦρος «poisson à la queue rugueuse, saurel » (Numen, ap. Ath., etc.), cf. Thomson, Fishes su, Strümberg, Fischnamen 30), τραχυ-δέρμων … — [Chantraine, s.v. τρᾶχύς, p. 1149]

3. τραχύς · trachys — Frisk

τραχύς, ep. ion. τρηχύς “rauh, uneben, steinig, holperig’, übertr. ‘streng, barsch’ (seit Il.). Einige Kompp., z.B. τραχύ-φωνος (-n-) "mit rauher Stimme’ (Hp., D. 8. u.a.), ὑπό-τραχυς (-n-) “etwas rauh’ (Hp. u.a.). Davon 1. τραχύ-της (-n-), att. τραχυτής f. "Rauhheit, Unebenheit, Strenge’ (Demokr., Pl, X., Arist. usw.); zur att. Oxytonierung Schwyzer 382 m. Lit. 2. -ww, auch m. dro-, &x- u.a., 'rauh usw. machen, … — [Frisk, s.v. τραχύς, p. 1893]

4. τρᾱχ-ύς · trach-ys — LSJ

jagged, prickly, rugged, rough, shaggy, harsh, harsh

jagged, λίθος Il. 5.308; χαλινοί, opp. λεῖοι, X. Eq. 9.9, cf. 10.6; τ. καὶ γωνιοειδής Thphr. Sens. 65; prickly, ἄκανθαι, ἄκανθα, Plu. Aud.poet. 2.32e, Coniug. 138d (both Sup.); rugged, ἀκτή, ἀταρπός, Od. 5.425, 14.1; as epith. of Ithaca, 9.27, 10.417; so γῆ λιθώδης καὶ τρηχέα Hdt. 4.23; Χερσονήσου τῆς Τρηχέης καλεομένης, of the Crimea, ib. 99; and freq. in Trag. and Att. of rocky districts, A. Pr. 726, E. Fr. 1083; τὰ τραχέα, τὰ τραχύτατα, X. Cyn. 4.10, Plu. Flam. 4; τ. καὶ χαλεπὴ ὁδός Pl. R. 32

2

of battle and conflict, ὑσμίνη Hes. Sc. 119; νιφὰς πολέμοιο Pi. I. 4(3).17(35), cf. Simon. 89; φάλαγγες Tyrt. 12.22.

3

of natural forces, ῥόθιον A. Pr. 1048 (anap.); -ύτερα τὰ νοσήματα ἀπεργάζεσθαι Pl. Ti. 84c; of a river, Plu. Alex. 60, etc.; ἄελλαι A.R. 1.1078.

4 rough, harsh, savage, niggardly, the rough places

of persons, their acts, feelings, or conditions, rough, harsh, savage, τ. ἔφεδρος Pi. N. 4.96; οὐ τ. εἰμι καταθέμεν I am not niggardly in paying, ib. 7.76; Ἡσυχία Id. P. 8.10; ἅπας δὲ τ. ὅστις ἂν νέον κρατῇ A. Pr. 35, cf. 188 (anap.), 326; δικαστὴς τ. εἶ Id. Ag. 1421; τ. γε . . δῆμος Id. Th. 1049; τ. καὶ τεθηγμένους λόγους Id. Pr. 313; τ. ὀργή E. Med. 447; λεῖον καὶ τ. πάθημα Pl. Ti. 63e; νόμοι τραχύτατοι Id. Lg. 864c; τὸ τ. τοῦ ἤθους, τοῦ νόμου, Id. Cra. 406a, R. 452c; -ύτερα πράγματα Isoc. 7.1

II roughly

Adv. τρᾱχέως, Ion. τρηχέως, rare in the literal sense, roughly, τ. ὑλακτεῖν Plu. Arat. 8; neut. as Adv., τρηχὺ φωνῇ ἠπείλει Theoc. 25.74; θάλασσα τραχὺ βοᾷ AP 5.179 (Mel.).

2 roughly, rough, harshly disposed, hardly

of menʼs acts, τρηχέως περιέπειν τινά handle roughly, Hdt. 1.73, 114; τραχέως ἔχειν to be rough, harshly disposed, Isoc. 3.33; τινι D. 19.45; -ύτερον ἄρχειν Isoc. 3.55; τ. ἀποκρίνεσθαι Plu. Phoc. 21, etc.; τ. φέρειν take hardly, Id. Lys. 15; rarely τραχυτέρως, Pl. Clit. 406a; περιέφθησαν τρηχύτατα Hdt. 6.15. (Prob. cogn. with θράσσω, cf. ἐνθράσσω.)

In the wild

6 of 136 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. τραχύς (scan pp. 1552-1553; entry #6140).
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. τραχύς (scan pp. 1149-1150; entry #8106).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. τραχύς (scan p. 1893; entry #5735).

Downloads

Word record (JSON)·Concordance (CSV)·Frequencies (CSV)·Cite (BibTeX)

CC BY 4.0 with receipt attribution — every file carries its license line. What is exportable

Ask the librarian

Ask about τραχύς →