α στερητικόν (Sch. Od. 3.279, etc., cf. Eust. 985.16), expressing want or absence (cf. Arist. Metaph. 1022b32), as σοφός wise, ἄσοφος unwise: for ṇ, the weak form of the negative ne, commonly used in the formation of adjs. and advbs., very rarely in that of vbs. and substs., cf. ἀδώτης, ἀτιμάω, ἀτίω. Before a vowel it usu. appears as ἀν- (exc. where ϝ or spiritus asper has been lost, as ἄ-οινος, ἄ-υπνος, when it sts. coalesces with the following vowel, as ἀργός = ἀ-ϝεργός): the forms ἀνάεδνος, ἀ
α ἀθροιστικόν (Eust. 641.61; τὸ ἄλφα σημαίνει πολλαχοῦ τὸ ὁμοῦ Pl. Cra. 405c), properly ἁ- since it represents sṃ- (cf. ἅμα, εἷς = sems), and so in ἁπλόος, ἁθρόος: but freq. ἀ- by dissimilation from following aspirate, as ἄ-λοχος, and hence by analogy in ἄ-κοιτις, etc., q.v.: sts. in the form ὀ-, as in ὄπατρος, ὀγάστριος, ὄζυξ. [ᾰ.]
α ἐπιτατικόν (Eust. 641.61), strengthening the force of compds., as ἀ-τενής; prob. identical in etymology with II, from which it is distinguished by Gramm., who sts. confuse it with I; v. ἀδάκρυτος. [ᾰ.]