αἰσχύνω (aischuno)

Where it lives

Olympic Oration 1 · 23.15/10k
Letter 6 2 · 22.52/10k
Against Simon 4 · 18.37/10k
Letter 2 2 · 15.67/10k
Philip's Letter 2 · 14.23/10k
Concerning the Team of Horses 4 · 13.79/10k
Against Alcibiades 1 3 · 12.44/10k
On A Wound By Premeditation 1 · 10.57/10k
Funeral Oration 4 · 9.84/10k
Against Conon 3 · 9.46/10k
Against Euthynus 1 · 9.17/10k
Lovers 2 · 8.36/10k

Densest 12 of 158 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

αἰσχύνω · aischynō — LSJ

make ugly, disfigure, give, a bad form

make ugly, disfigure, πρόσωπον, κόμην, Il. 18.24, 27, cf. S. Ant. 529; αἰ. τὸν ἵππον give the horse a bad form, X. Eq. 1.12.

2 dishonour, tarnish

mostly in moral sense, dishonour, tarnish, μηδὲ γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν Il. 6.209, cf. 23.571; τὴν Σπάρτην Hdt. 9.53; ξενίαν τράπεζαν A. Ag. 401; τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος S. Aj. 1305; τοὺς πατέρας Pl. Mx. 246d.

b dishonour

esp. dishonour a woman, E. El. 44, cf. Plu. Marc. 19, etc.; εὐνήν A. Ag. 1626; εἰς τὸ σῶμα αἰ. Arist. Pol. 1311b7; abs., Foed.Delph.Pell. 2A 12.

3 disdain

disdain, ἐπιχώρια Pi. P. 3.22.

B to be dishonoured

Pass., to be dishonoured, νέκυς ᾐσχυμμένος, of Patroclus, Il. 18.180.

II to be ashamed, feel shame

to be ashamed, feel shame, abs., Od. 7.305, 18.12, Hdt. 1.10, E. Hipp. 1291.

2 to be ashamed at

more commonly, to be ashamed at a thing, c. acc. rei, αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν Od. 21.323; τὴν δυσγένειαν τὴν ἐμὴν αἰ. S. OT 1079 : c. dat. rei, Ar. Nu. 992, Lys. 3.9, D. 4.42, etc.; αἰ. ἐπί τινι X. Mem. 2.2.8; ἔν τινι Th. 2.43; ὑπέρ τινος Lys. 14.39; περί τινος 33.6. etc.

b to be ashamed at

c. part., to be ashamed at doing a thing (which one does), A. Pr. 642 (v.l.), S. Ant. 540, Ar. Fr. 200, Pl. Grg. 494e, etc.

c to be ashamed to

c. inf., to be ashamed to do a thing (and therefore not to do it), Hdt. 1.82, A. Ag. 856, Ch. 917, Pl. R. 414e, Phdr. 257d, etc.; though this condition must not be pressed absolutely, cf. Ap. 22b.

d to be ashamed

foll. by relat. clause, αἰσχύνεσθαι εἰ . . to be ashamed that . . , S. El. 254, And. 4.42; ἐάν . . X. Oec. 21.4; μὴ . . Pl. Tht. 183e, cf. Macho ap. Ath. 13.579f; ὅτι . . Lys. 2.23.

3 to feel shame before

c. acc. pers., to feel shame before one, E. Ion 934, 1074, Pherecr. 23.6, Pl. Smp. 216b; τοὺς γέροντας (at Sparta) Aeschin. 1.180; ὅστις γὰρ αὐτὸς αὑτὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνεται, πῶς τόν γε μηδὲν εἰδότʼ αἰσχυνθήσεται; Philem. 229, cf. Gal. 5.26: c. acc. et inf., E. Hel. 415; ᾑσχύνθημεν θεοὺς . . προδοῦναι αὐτόν X. An. 2.3.22; αἰσχύνομαι ὑμᾶς λέγειν D. 40.48; αἰ. πρός τινα Arist. Rh. 1383b12.

In the wild

ᾔσχυνε · ēischyne Aeschylus, Agamemnon 399–402
αἰσχύνων · aischynōn Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1625–1627
αἰσχυνοῦμαι · aischynoumai Aeschylus, Agamemnon 855–856
αἰσχύνομαί · aischynomai Aeschylus, Libation Bearers 917
αἰσχύνομαι · aischynomai Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 642–644
αἰσχύνομαι · aischynomai Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 1033–1036

6 of 460 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

No etymology authority pointer is recorded for this lemma yet — an honest gap, not an omission. The etymological dictionaries (Beekes, Chantraine, Frisk) are matched incrementally.

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