ἀλήθεια

I truth, lie, mere appearance

truth, opp. lie or mere appearance:

1 a lie, truth, true

in Hom. only opp. a lie, freq. in phrase ἀληθείην καταλέξαι Il. 24.407, al.; ἀ. ἀποειπεῖν 23.361; παιδὸς πᾶσαν ἀ. μυθεῖσθαι to tell whole truth about the lad, Od. 11.507; ἀλάθειʼ ἀτρεκής Pi. N. 5.17, cf. B. l.c.; prov., οἶνος καὶ ἀ. ‘in vino veritas’, Alc. l.c., etc.; ἁπλᾶ γάρ ἐστι τῆς ἀ. ἔπη A. Fr. 176, cf. E. Ph. 469; χρᾶσθαι τῇ ἀ. Hdt. 1.116; εἰπεῖν τὴν ἀ. Id. 6.69; ἡ ἀ. περί τινος Th. 4.122, S. Tr. 91; ἀ. ἔχειν to be true, Arist. Pol. 1281a42: pl., ταῖς ἀ. χρῆσθαι Isoc. 9.5; τὰς ἀ. λέγειν Me

2 truth, reality, appearance, in very truth, in truth and reality, for the sake of truth, according to truth and nature

after Hom. also truth, reality, opp. appearance, σὺν ἀλαθείᾳ καλῶν B. 3.96; ἡ ἀ. τῶν πραχθέντων Antipho 2.4.1; τῶν ἔργων ἡ ἀ. Th. 2.41; μιμήματα ἀληθείας Pl. Plt. 300c:— in adverb. usages, τῇ ἀ. in very truth, Th. 4.120, etc.; ταῖς ἀ. Isoc. 15.283, cf. Philem. 130, Plb. 10.40.5, Babr. 75.20; rarely (without the Art.) ἀληθείᾳ Pl. Prt. 343d:—with Preps., ἐν τῇ ἀ. Pl. La. 183d; ἐπὶ τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ τοῦ πράγματος in truth and reality, D. 21.72; ἐπʼ ἀληθείᾳ for the sake of truth, A. Supp. 628, Ar. Pl

3 real war, exercise, parade

real war, opp. exercise or parade, Plb. 10.20.4, al.; ἐπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀ. Id. 1.21.3.

4 true event, realization

true event, realization of dream or omen, Hdt. 3.64, Damon ap.Sch. Ar. Pl. 1003.

II truthfulness, sincerity

of persons, truthfulness, sincerity, Hdt. 1.55; ἀλαθείᾳ φρενῶν A. Ag. 1550, cf. Pl. R. 331c, Arist. EN 1108a20.

III

Ἀ. personified, Emp. 1, Parm. 1.29, etc.

IV symbol of truth, jewel

symbol of truth, jewel worn by Egyptian high-priest, D.S. 1.48, 75, Ael. VH 14.34: of the Thummim, LXX Le. 8.8.