a thousand, Hom. only in neut., χ. μέτρα, πυρά, Il. 7.471, 8.562; πρῶθʼ ἑκατὸν βοῦς δῶκεν, ἔπειτα δὲ χίλιʼ ὑπέστη (sc. πρόβατα), αἶγας ὁμοῦ καὶ ὄϊς 11.244: usu. agreeing with its Subst., Hes. Th. 364, etc.; but sts. as Subst. folld. by gen., χίλιοι Μακεδόνων Th. 2.80: to express the addition of a smaller number, that number may either precede or follow, διακόσιοι καὶ χ. Isoc. 4.87, 93, Pl. Criti. 119b: but χ. καὶ πεντακόσιοι Aeschin. 2.77; later καί is freq. omitted, Plb. 3.33.10, LXX Da. 12.11,
sg. with collect. nouns, χιλίη ἵππος a thousand horse, Hdt. 5.63, 7.41; τὴν ἵππον τὴν χιλίην Id. 8.113; so ἵππον ἔχω εἰς χιλίαν X. Cyr. 4.6.2; also χιλία ὁλοκαύτωσις burnt-offering of 1000 cattle, LXX 3 Ki. 3.4.
χίλιαι (sc. δραχμαί) as Subst., a thousand drachmae, περὶ χιλιῶν κινδυνεύειν D. 22.21; ἐν χιλίαις ὁ κίνδυνος ib. 26 (χ. δραχμαί in full, Pl. Ap. 36b). (Cf. Skt. sahásram ‘a thousand’ (with prefix sa- = sṃ-); I.-E. ĝheslo-, ĝheslio-.)