The corpus record

χθές

chthes

yesterday

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Timaeus 12 · 5.08/10k
Symposium 6 · 3.44/10k
Plutus 2 · 2.48/10k
Against Leochares 1 · 2.43/10k
Menexenus 1 · 2.08/10k
Wasps 2 · 2.06/10k
Critias 1 · 2.02/10k
Epistles 3 · 1.77/10k
Ecclesiazusae 1 · 1.31/10k
Lysistrata 1 · 1.26/10k
Frogs 1 · 1.1/10k
Clouds 1 · 1.04/10k

Densest 12 of 28 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. χθές · chthes — Beekes

χθές [adv.] ‘yesterday’ (h. Merc.). 41Ὲ *d"g*ies- ‘yesterday’> VAR Also ἐ-χθές (Ar., Hell.). DER χθιζός ‘of yesterday’ (Hom.), to which the’ ‘adverb χθιζ-όν (T 195), -ά (B 303); explanation see below. Several formations in -ἰνός (περυσινός, etc.): χθεσ-ινός (Luc.), ἐχθεσ-ινός (AP), χθιζ-ιινός (Ar. [lyr.] conj., Gal. Alciphr.), ἐχθιζιινός (Men.). *ETYM Old expression of time for ‘yesterday’, retained in: 1. Lat. … — [Beekes, s.v. χθές, p. 1683]

2. χθές · chthes — Chantraine

χθές : adverbe (#. Herm., ion.-att.), ἐχθές (Ar. Nu. 175, etc., Com., LXX, NT, pap.) «hier». Dans les dérivés anciens, vocalisme i qui pose un problème (voir Et.) : χθιζά dans l'Iliade 2,303 forme couple avec πρωϊζά qui en est analogique, voir sous πρώην. Si c'était un adverbe en -δά, il faudrait considérer comme secondaires l'adv. χθιζόν « hier » (71. 19,195) et l'adjectif χθιζός à emploi volontiers adverbial dans … — [Chantraine, s.v. χθές, p. 1278]

3. χθές · chthes — LSJ

yesterday

yesterday, h.Merc. 273, Th. 3.113, Pl. R. 327a, Smp. 174a, etc.: freq. placed between Art. and Subst., ἡ χ. ὁμολογία, οἱ χ. λόγοι, Pl. Sph. 216a, Ti. 26e; τῇ χ. ἡμέρᾳ Plu. Amat.narr. 2.773e; χ. μὲν . . , τὰ νῦν δὲ . . Pl. Ti. 17a: freq. πρώην τε καὶ χ., χ. καὶ πρώην, v. πρώην II; χ. καὶ τρίτην ἡμέραν v.l. in X. Cyr. 6.3.11, cf. LXX Ge. 31.2. (Cf. Skt. hyás ‘yesterday’, Lat. heri, hesternus, OHG. gestaron ‘yesterday’, etc.)

In the wild

χθὲς · chthes Aristophanes, Clouds (DIORISIS sentence 301)
χθές · chthes Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae (DIORISIS sentence 416)
χθές · chthes Aristophanes, Frogs 721–726
χθὲς · chthes Aristophanes, Lysistrata 720 (DIORISIS sentence 542)
χθὲς · chthes Aristophanes, Plutus (DIORISIS sentence 261)
χθὲς · chthes Aristophanes, Plutus (DIORISIS sentence 840)

6 of 62 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. χθές (scan p. 1683; entry #6566). Root candidates: *ies-, *gester-.
Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. χθές (scan p. 1278; entry #8732). Root candidates: *dhghes-, *ghyes-, *g’hey-.

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