LOGOI

The corpus record

ἤπιος

epios

friendly, gentle, kind, mild, soothing

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

  • 2 Timothy 1 · 8.34/10k
  • Theogony 3 · 4.36/10k
  • Philoctetes 2 · 2.27/10k
  • Works and Days 1 · 1.73/10k
  • Odyssey 15 · 1.73/10k
  • Prometheus Bound 1 · 1.7/10k
  • De Mundo 1 · 1.58/10k
  • Trojan Women 1 · 1.41/10k
  • Bacchae 1 · 1.33/10k
  • Electra 1 · 1.15/10k
  • Iliad 10 · 0.9/10k
  • Phaedrus 1 · 0.6/10k

Densest 12 of 17 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. ἤπιος · ēpios — Beekes

ἤπιος [adj.] ‘friendly, gentle, kind, mild, soothing’ (IL). <1E? *h,e-h,p-i- ‘friendly’> *COMP As a first member e.g. in ἠπιότφρων ‘with mild intention’ (Emp.). *DER ἠπιότης ‘mildness’ (Hell.) and the rare denominatives ἠπιόομαι ‘to become mild’ (Phld.), ἠπιαίνω ‘id.’ (Arist. Mu. 397b 1; uncertain). *ETYM Mostly connected with Skt. api- ‘friend’. Floyd Glotta 71 (1993): 10-16 confirms this connection and compares … — [Beekes, s.v. ἤπιος, p. 570]

2. ἥπιος · hēpios — Chantraine

ἥπιος : adj. «doux, bienveillants (souvent avec la comparaison «comme un père»), aussi en parlant de paroles, de médicaments (Hom., Hdt., poètes), employé aussi en parlant de la température (Hp., P1.). Rares composés poétiques : ἠπιότφρων, -χειρ. Dérivés : ἠπιότης Î. «gentillesse, douceur » (hellén.\; dénominatifs rares ἠπιόομαι «être adouci» (Phld.) et p.-ê. ἠπιόω «aller mieux», intransitif (Hp.); ἠπιαίνω eadoucir» … — [Chantraine, s.v. ἥπιος, p. 429]

3. ἥπιος · hēpios — Frisk

ἥπιος “freundlich, gütig, mild, heilsam’ (seit Il.). Als Vorderglied z.B. in ἠπιό-φρων “mit milder Gesinnung’ (Emp. u.a.). — Davon ἠπιότης Milde’ (hell.) und die seltenen Denominativa ἠπιόομαι "mild werden’ (Phld.), ἠπιαίνω ‘mildern’ (Arist. Mu. 397b1; unsicher). Zu ἠπίαλος 8. bes. Gewöhnlich zu aind. äpi- “Freund” gezogen (Froehde BB 21, 330, L. Meyer u. A.; vgl. Kretschmer Glotta 11, 109), bisweilen mit … — [Frisk, s.v. ἥπιος, p. 673]

4. ἤπῐος · ēpios — LSJ

1 gentle, kind, appeased

of persons, gentle, kind, πατὴρ ὣς ἤπιος αἰεί Il. 24.770, cf. Od. 2.47, 234; of a monarch, ἀγανὸς καὶ ἤ. ib. 230, 5.8. cf. 14.139; ἡνίοχος Il. 23.281: c. dat. pers., ἐθέλω δέ τοι ἤπιος εἶναι 8.40, cf. Od. 10.337, etc.; ἤ. ἀνθρώποισι καὶ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι Hes. Th. 407; ἠπιώτερος τοῦ πατρός Hdt. 5.92.ζʹ; of the gods, σωτῆρας . . ἠπίους θʼ ἡμῖν μολεῖν S. Ph. 738; θεὸς ἀνθρώποισιν -ώτατος E. Ba. 861; cf. Ar. V. 879 (lyr.); ἐχίδνης οὐδὲν -ωτέρα E. Alc. 310; οὐδέ πω ἤπιος appeased, Id. Med. 133: later

2 kindly feeling

of feelings, words, etc., εἴ μοι κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων ἤπια εἰδείη had kindly feeling towards me, Il. 16.73; ὁμῶς δέ τοι ἤπια οἶδε Od. 13.405, cf. 15.557; ἤ. δήνεα οἶδε Il. 4.361; μῦθος ἤ. Od. 20.327; ὀργαί, φρένες, E. Tr. 53, Fr. 362.6; πρὸς τὸ -ώτερον καταστῆσαί τινα Th. 2.59.

3 mild, less intense

of heat and cold, mild, less intense, τὸ πνῖγος -ώτερον γέγονεν Pl. Phdr. 279b, cf. Ti. 85a (Comp.); ἠπιώτεραι αἱ θέρμαι, of a fever, Hp. Epid. 7.1; τὰ τοῦ πυρετοῦ ἤπια ib. 5.73; αἰθέριον πῦρ ἤ. ὄν Parm. 8.57; of river-currents, -ώτερα ῥεύματα Meno Iatr. 16.26.

II soothing, assuaging, soft

Act., soothing, assuaging, φάρμακα Il. 4.218, 11.515; opp. ἰσχυρά, Hdt. 3.130, cf. 7.142 (Comp.); ἀκέσματα A. Pr. 482; φύλλα S. Ph. 698 (lyr.); ποτήματα soft drinks, opp. φαρμακώδη καὶ δριμέα, Sor. 2.44: Sup., Phld. Ir. p.44 W.

2 favourable

ἤπιον ἦμαρ c. inf., a day favourable for beginning a thing, Hes. Op. 787.

III

Adv. -ίως Hdt. 7.105, 143, S. El. 1439 (lyr.); ἠ. ἀμείψασθαι Hdt. 8.60; χρήσετʼ αὐτή σοι τότʼ ἠ. Men. Epit. 495: Comp. -ωτέρως, ἔχειν πρός τινα D. 56.44; -ώτερον καὶ κηδεμονικώτερον Phld. Piet. 65: Sup. -ωτάτως Hsch.

In the wild

6 of 54 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. ἤπιος (scan pp. 570-571; entry #2486).
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. ἤπιος (scan p. 429; entry #3034).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. ἤπιος (scan p. 673; entry #2358).

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