γράμμα · gramma — LSJ
that which is drawn: pl., lines of a drawing, picture, etc., E. Ion 1146 (of tapestry), Theoc. 15.81; picture, Ἀπέλλεω γ. Herod. 4.73, cf. AP 6.352 (Erinna): sg., drawing, picture, Pl. R. 472d, Cra. 430e, cf. 431c: pl., figures in a picture, Procop.Gaz. Ecphr. p.157B.
written character, letter, Hdt. 1.139, 148, etc.: in pl., letters, characters, γραμμάτων τε συνθέσεις A. Pr. 460; πηλίκοις γ. Ep.Gal. 6.11; the letters, the alphabet, Hdt. 5.58; τὰ γ. καὶ τὰς συλλαβάς Pl. Cra. 390e; γ. Φοινίκια S. Fr. 514; Ἀσσύρια, Ἑλληνικά, Hdt. 4.87; γράμματα ἐπίστασθαι Pl. Lg. 689d; μαθεῖν to have learnt to read, Id. Prt. 325e; γ. μὴ εἰδέναι SIG 2844.6; ἐδίδασκες γράμματα, ἐγὼ δʼ ἐφοίτων you kept school—I went there, D. 18.265; ἤτοι τέθνηκεν ἢ διδάσκει γ. Com.Adesp. 20; παιδε
articulate sound, letter, Pl. Phlb. 18c; τὰ γ. πάθη ἐστὶ τῆς φωνῆς Arist. Pr. 895a12; γράμματα φθέγγεσθαι ib. 8, cf. PA 660a5.
παρὰ γράμμα λέγοντα . . σκοπεῖν etymologically, Id. MM 1185b39; τὰ παρὰ γ. σκώμματα puns, Id. Rh. 1412a28; but ἀρετὴν παρὰ γ. διώκοντες, with ref. to Νικαρέτη, the mistress of Stilpo, Crates Theb. 1.
inscription, τὸ Δελφικὸν γ. Pl. Phdr. 229e, cf. Chrm. 164d, X. Mem. 4.2.24, etc., IG 2.2876, al.: prov., εἰς πέλαγος . . γράμματα γράψαι Epigr.Gr. 1038.8 (Attalia).
in pl., notes in music, AP 11.78 (Lucill.).
mathematical diagram, Epigr. ap. D.L. 8.12.
letter inscribed on the lots which the δικασταί drew, Ar. Pl. 277, al., Arist. Ath. 64.4; practically, = division of dicasts, ἐν ὁποίῳ γ. δειπνεῖ Ar. Ec. 683; ἁ κατὰ γράμμα φυλακά the roster of guards, SIG 569.21 (Cos, iii B. C.).
quarters of a town, PRein. 49.2; accent, EM 240.42, Zonar.
a small weight, 1/24 ounce, scruple, Androm. ap. Gal. 13.114, Gp. 7.13.2, PLips. 62 ii 27 (iv A. D.).
in pl., set of written characters, piece of writing, Hdt. 1.124: hence, letter, Id. 5.14, IG 2(2).103.8, etc.; γραμμάτων πτυχαί S. Fr. 144, cf. E. IT 594, al., Pl. Ep. 347c; inscription, epitaph, etc., ἐκόλαψε ἐς τὸν τάφον γράμματα λέγοντα τάδε Hdt. 1.187, cf. 4.91, And. 3.12, Theoc. 18.47, IG 3.751.
papers, documents, Antipho 1.30, D. 36.21, etc. (sg., D.Chr. 65.14); τούτων τὰ γ. the documents to prove this, Lys. 32.14; τὰ γ. τῆς δίκης Ar. Nu. 772; τὰ δημόσια γ. the public records, Decr. ap. D. 18.55; title-deeds, D.C. 65.14; account of loans, D. 49.59; ἐπικαρπίαν ἐν γράμμασιν ἀποφέρειν Pl. Lg. 955d; contract or estimate, BCH 46.323 (Teos); catalogue, X. Cyr. 7.4.12: in sg., bond, Ev.Luc. 16.7; note of hand, J. AJ 18.6.3.
a manʼs writings, i.e. book, treatise, τὰ τοῦ Ζήνωνος γ. Pl. Prm. 127c (but sg., ib. 128a): pl., books, X. Mem. 4.2.1; Πλάτωνος τὸ περὶ ψυχῆς γ. Call. Epigr. 25, cf. AP 9.63 (Asclep.), Gal. 18(2).928; τὰ ἱερὰ γ. the Holy Scriptures, OGI 56.36 (iii B. C.), Ph. 2.574, 2 Ep.Ti. 3.15, J. Ap. 1.10; ἱερὰ γ., = Imperial rescripts, IG 12(5).132 (Paros, iii A. D.); = hieroglyphics, OGI 90.54 (Rosetta, ii B. C.): in sg., the Law of Moses, Ep.Rom. 2.27, al.; opp. πνεῦμα, ib. 29: sg., article of a treaty, T
laws or rules, Pl. R. 425b, Plt. 292a, al., Ar. Ec. 1050; κατὰ γράμματα ἄρχειν, opp. ἄνευ γραμμάτων, Pl. Plt. 293a; ἡ κατὰ γ. καὶ νόμους πολιτεία Arist. Pol. 1286a15, cf. 1272a38: οἱ κατὰ γ. νόμοι, opp. οἱ κατὰ τὰ ἔθη, ib. 1287b5, cf. Pl. Plt. 299d; κατὰ γράμματα ἰατρεύεσθαι Arist. Pol. 1287a34; ἡ ἐκ τῶν γ. θεραπεία ib. 40.
in pl., also, letters, learning, ἀπείρους γραμμάτων Pl. Ap. 26d, etc.