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The corpus record

ἴσος

isos

equal

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 102 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. ἴσος · isos — Beekes

ἴσος [adj.] ‘equal’ in number, strength, size, status, etc. (Il.). «τεῦ *ueid- ‘see, know’> *VAR Epic ἶσος, fem. gion (see below), Arc. Cret. Boeot. μίσρος (H. yioyov: ἴσον). *COMP Very frequent as a first member, e.g. ἰσό-θεος ‘god-like’ (Il.), hypostasis of ἴσος θεῷ or a bahuvrihi ‘having gods as equals’ (Risch 1937: 186; cf. Sommer IF 55 (1937): 195"), ἰσό-πεδον ‘plain’ (1].), ἰσό-πεδος “of the same level, as … — [Beekes, s.v. ἴσος, p. 647]

2. ἴσος · isos — Chantraine

ἴσος : ép. ἴσος, f. ἐΐση, arc., crét., héot. FiaFoc (Hsch. γίσγον " ἴσον) ; quelques graphies avec aspiration, p.-ê. par analogie avec ὅμοιος (Schwyzer 708 a, Éphèse τνϑ 8. av., 62,175 Héraclée) ; « égal, en nombre égal, également partagé, égal en droit », etc. (Hom., ion.-att., etc.) ; noter les formules hom. δαιτὸς ἐΐσης « un festin où chacun ἃ sa parts, νῆες ἐΐσαι «les vaisseaux bien équilibrés». Sur l'emploi du … — [Chantraine, s.v. ἴσος, p. 484]

3. Ἴσος · Isos — Chantraine

Ἴσος figure également comme second terme de composé, — 470 — notamment avec la particule privative ἀ(ν) : on a la forme ancienne attendue ἄ()ισος (Pi., I. 7 [6], 43, hapax) et usuellement ἄντισος p.-ê. composé possessif tiré de τὸ ἴσον, ἣ ἴση (déjà dans Od., cf. sous ἴσσασθαι). Dérivés : ἰσότης « égalité » (ion.-att., voir aussi Mugler, o.c. s.u.), ἰσαῖος — ἴσος (Nic., Call.) Adverbes : ἴσως « également », mais … — [Chantraine, s.v. Ἴσος, p. 484]

4. ἴσος · isos — Frisk

ἴσος, ep. ἶσος, f. ἐΐση (vgl. unten), ark. kret. böot. fiafog (H. yioγον" ἴσον) ‘gleich’ an Zahl, Stärke, Größe, Rang usw. (seit Il.). Sehr oft als Vorderglied, z.B. ἰσό-ϑεος “"göttergleich’ (seit Il.), Hypostase aus ἴσος ϑεῷ oder Bahuvrihi “Götter als Ebenbürtige habend’ (Risch 170; vgl. Sommer IF 55, 195A.2), ἰσό-πεδον “Ebene’ (Il. u.a.), ἐἰσάό-πεδος "mit der gleichen Ebene, gleichhoch’ (Hdt., Hp. u.a.; vgl. Risch … — [Frisk, s.v. ἴσος, p. 769]

5. ἴσος · isos — Frisk

ἴσος. Zu ἴσος als geometr. und mathem. Terminus Mugler Dict. g6om. s.v. — Die auf das Fem. &ion beschränkte Prothese, die fast nur am Versende erscheint, betrachtet Beekes Development 65f. ansprechend als eine durch falsche Worttrennung entstandene, metrisch bedingte Neuerung. Zu δαῖς ἐΐση als „der gebührenden, richtigen Mahlzeit“ P. von der Mühll WienStud. 79 (1966) 9-12. — Von ἴσος noch icaios ‘ds.’ (vgl. … — [Frisk, s.v. ἴσος, p. 2239]

6. ἴσος · isos — LSJ

equal, like, like, equal, copy, the same

equal in size, strength, or number, c. dat., κύματα ἶσα ὄρεσσιν Od. 3.290, etc.; freq. of appearance, like, ἶσος ἀναύδῳ 10.378; ἶσος Ἄρευι Sapph. 91 (dub.); ἴσος θεοῖσιν Ead.2.1: freq.abs., ἴσην . . βίην καὶ κῦδος Il. 7.205; ἶσον θυμὸν ἔχειν to be of like mind, 13.704, 17.720: neut. as Adv., ἶσον ἐμοὶ φρονέουσα 15.50; θεοῖσιν ἶσʼ ἔθελε φρονέειν 5.441, cf. 21.315, etc.; ἴσος τινὶ τὸ μέγαθος, ὕψος, Hdt. 2.32, 124; τὸ μῆκος, τὸ πλάτος, X. An. 5.4.32; ἀριθμόν E. Supp. 662; ἴσα τὸν ἀ. Pl. R. 441c; πο

2 tit, tat

repeated to denote equal relations, ἴσα πρὸς ἴσα tit for tat, Hdt. 1.2; ταχθέντες ἴσοι πρὸς ἴσους S. Ant. 142 (anap.); ἴσους ἴσοισι . . ἀντιθείς E. Ph. 750; ἴσα ἀντὶ ἴσων λαμβάνειν, ἐκδοῦναι Pl. Lg. 774c; ἴσος ἴσῳ (sc. οἶνος ὕδατι) Cratin. 184, Com.Adesp. 107, etc.; κύλικος ἴσον ἴσῳ κεκραμένης (where ἴσον is adverbial) Ar. Pl. 1132; διδόναι γάλα καὶ οἶνον πίνειν ἴσον ἴσῳ Hp. Epid. 2.5.1: metaph., ‘fairly blended’, μηδὲν ἴσον ἴσῳ φέρων Ar. Ach. 354.

3 equal in rights

of persons, equal in rights, βούλεται ἡ πόλις ἐξ ἴσων εἶναι καὶ ὁμοίων Arist. Pol. 1295b25; ἡ πολιτικὴ ἐλευθέρων καὶ ἴσων ἀρχή ib. 1255b20; τὸ κατʼ ἀξίαν ἴ. ib. 1307a26, al.

II equally divided, distributed, oneʼs equal share, the point of equality, fair measure, fair terms, equally divided

equally divided or distributed, ἴση μοῖρα Il. 9.318; ἴση alone, oneʼs equal share, μή τίς μοι ἀτεμβόμενος κίοι ἴσης Od. 9.42 (ἴσσης cj. Fick, cf. ἴσσασθαι) ; τὴν ἴ. ἔχων Cratin. 250; οὐ μὴν ἴ. ἔτεισεν (sc. τίσιν) S. OT 810; ἄχρι τῆς ἴ. up to the point of equality, D. 5.17: neut., μὴ ἴσον νεῖμαι ἑκατέρῳ Pl. Prt. 337a; οὐ μόνον ἴσον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πλέον ἔχειν Isoc. 17.57; οὐκ ἀνέξῃ δωμάτων ἔχων ἴσον καὶ τῷδε νεῖμαι; E. Ph. 547; τὰ ἴσα fair measure, τὰ ἴ. νέμειν Hdt. 6.11; μὴ ἴσων ἕκαστον τυγχάνειν ἀλλὰ

2 based on equality of rights, equal rights, equality, fair, just, fair

based on equality of rights, ἴ. καὶ ἔννομος πολιτεία Aeschin. 1.5; τὴν πολιτείαν ἰσαιτέραν καθιστάναι Th. 8.89; τὰ ἴ. equal rights, equality, freq. joined with τὰ ὅμοια or τὰ δίκαια, ὡς τῆς πολιτείας ἐσομένης ἐν τοῖς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίοις X. HG 7.1.45; τῶν ἴ. καὶ τῶν δικαίων ἕκαστος ἡγεῖται ἑαυτῷ μετεῖναι ἐν τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ D. 21.67; οὐ μέτεστι τῶν ἴ. οὐδὲ τῶν ὁμοίων πρὸς τοὺς πλουσίους τοῖς λοιποῖς ib. 112; τῶν ἴ. μετεῖχε τοῖς ἄλλοις ib. 96; also ἡ ἴ. καὶ ὁμοία (sc. δίκη), τῆς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίας μετέχειν Th.

3 fair, impartial

of persons, fair, impartial, S. Ph. 684 (lyr.), OT 677; ἴ. δικαστής Pl. Lg. 957c; ἴ. καὶ κοινοὶ ἀκροαταί D. 29.1, cf. 18.7; ἴ. καὶ κοινὸν δικαστήριον Id. 7.36; κοινοὺς μὲν . . , ἴ. δὲ μή Pl. Prt. 337a; ἴ. ἴσθι κρίνων Men. Mon. 266, cf. 257; κριταὶ ἴ. καὶ δίκαιοι Plb. 24.15.3, etc.

4 adequate, regular

adequate, ἡ ἴ. φρουρά Th. 7.27 (expld. by Sch. as regular, τεταγμένη) ; ἴσος τοῖς παροῦσι Id. 1.132.

III even, flat, with even step, on even terms, perpendicular

of ground, even, flat, εἰς τὸ ἴ. καταβαίνειν, of an army, X. An. 4.6.18 (but ἐν ἴσῳ προσιέναι to advance with even step, ib. 1.8.11); λέουσιν εἰς τὸ ἴ. καθιστάμενοι μάχεσθαι, opp. μετὰ πλεονεξίας ἀγωνίζεσθαι, on even terms, Id. Cyr. 1.6.28; ἴ. τοῖχος, opp. κεκλικώς, perpendicular, Phlp. in APo. 2.27.

IV

Adv. ἴσως (v. sub voc.): but also,

1 even as, like, alike, equally, like as, as if

neut. sg. and pl. from Hom. downwds. (v. sub init.), ἶσον . . ἀπήχθετο κηρὶ μελαίνῃ even as Death, Il. 3.454; ἶσον ἐμοὶ βασίλευε be king like me, 9.616; ἶσον γάρ σε θεῷ τίσουσιν Ἀχαιοί ib. 603; ἶσον ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ 18.82; τὸν . . ἶσα θεῷ . . εἰσορόωσιν Od. 15.520; ἶσα φίλοισι τέκεσσι Il. 5.71, cf. 13.176, Od. 1.432, 11.304, etc.: later abs., alike, δείλαιε τοῦ νοῦ τῆς τε συμφορᾶς ἴσον S. OT 1347; τὴν Σάμον καὶ Ἡρακλέας στήλας ἴσον ἀπέχειν Hdt. 8.132: c. dat., ἴσον ναοῖς θεῶν E. Hel. 801; ἴσον ἄπεσμεν

2 equally, equal, equally, evenly, of equal station, to be evenly matched, equal, equally

with Preps.: ἀπὸ τῆς ἴσης equally, Th. 1.15; ὁ ἀπὸ τῆς ἴ. ἐχθρός Id. 3.40; ἀπʼ ἴσης εἶναι D. 14.6; ἀφʼ ἵσου SIG 426.14 (Teos, iii B.C.); διʼ ἴσου D.C. 43.37; at equal distance, Pl. R. 617b: also in Math., ex aequali, of proportions, Euc. 5 Def. 17, al.; διʼ ἴ. ἐν τεταραγμένῃ ἀναλογίᾳ ex aequali in disturbed proportion, Archim. Sph.Cyl. 2.4, al., Papp. 932.11; ἐν ἴσῳ equally, Th. 2.53, 4.65; ἐν ἴσῳ ἐστί it matters not, E. IA 1199; ἐν ἴσῳ [ἐστὶ] καὶ εἰ . . Th. 2.60; ἐν τῷ ἴσῳ εἶναι Id. 4.10; ἐξ ἴσ

V

Comp. ἰσαίτερος E. Supp. 441, Th. 8.89, X. HG 7.1.14: Sup. ἰσότατος Timo 68 (fr. 842 Supp. Hell.); ἰσαίτατος Ph. 1.462. Adv. ὡς ἰσαίτατα Pl. Lg. 744c, but ὡς ἰσότατα SIG 531.30 (Dyme). [ῑ in early Ep. (exc. Hes. Op. 752), cf. Sol. 24.1: ῐ first in Thgn. 678, Sapph. 2.1 (but ἶσος Ead.91 s.v.l.), B. 5.46 (but ἶσον 1.62, Fr. 2.2), and always in Pi. (exc. in compd. ῑσοδαίμων) and Trag. (A. Fr. 216 is dub. l.) exc. in compd. ῑσό-θεος (q.v.); dub. in ἰσ-όνειρος. Both quantities are found in later poet

7. ἴσως · isōs — LSJ

equally, in like manner, evenly

equally, in like manner, Sapph. 96.11 L.-P., S. Ph. 758, Pl. Lg. 805a, etc.; ὡς ἰσαίτατα ib. 744c; evenly, Hp. Off. 3.

II equally, with reference to equality, fairly, equitably

equally, with reference to equality, τὸ ὀρθὸν ληπτέον ἴσως Arist. Pol. 1283b40; fairly, equitably, ἴ. καὶ κοινῶς Aen. Tact. 22.24; οὐκ ἴ. οὐδὲ πολιτικῶς D. 10.74; μηδὲν ἴ. καὶ δικαίως φρονοῦντας D.H. 10.40; οὐκ ἴσως χρήσασθαί τινι Plb. 23.2.7.

III probably, perhaps, perhaps

probably, perhaps, Alc. Supp. 33, Hdt. 6.124, A. Pr. 319, S. Ph. 144, Pl. Grg. 473b, etc.; ἴ. που E. El. 518; οὔτε συμφόρως οὔτʼ ἴ. καλῶς D. 5.10; οὐκ ἴσως, ἀλλʼ ὄντως Pl. Lg. 965c: ironical, σμικρά γε ἴ. προσθήκη Id. R. 339b: freq. joined with ἄν or τάχʼ ἄν, e.g. S. Aj. 691, 1009, Pl. Ap. 31a; ἀμφισβητοῦντες προστιθέασιν ἀεὶ τὸ ἴσως καὶ τάχα Arist. Rh. 1389b18: ἴσως without ἄν c. opt. is f.l. in A. Supp. 727, E. IT 1055; ἴ. μέν . . , ἴ. δέ . . perhaps so or so, X. Cyr. 4.3.2: repeated ἴ., ἴ. Ar

IV about

with numerals, about, Ar. Pl. 1058, Damox. 3.2.

In the wild

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Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. ἴσος (scan pp. 647-648; entry #2762). Root candidates: *ueid-.
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. ἴσος (scan p. 484; entry #3428).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. ἴσος (scan pp. 769-770; entry #2643).

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