LOGOI

The corpus record

καθαιρέω

kathaireo

take down, take, down

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 78 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

καθαιρ-έω · kathair-eō — LSJ

take down, take, down, take down oneʼs

take down, καθείλομεν ἱστία Od. 9.149; κὰδ δʼ ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον Il. 24.268; κ. ἄχθος take it down, i.e. off oneʼs shoulders, Ar. Ra. 10; κ. τὸ σημεῖον And. 1.36; κ. τῶν ἐκ τῆς στοᾶς ὅπλων some of them, X. HG 5.4.8; κ. εἰκόνα ἐξ ἀκροπόλεως Lycurg. 117; κ. τινά, from the cross, Plb. 1.86.6, Ph. 2.529:—Med., κατελέσθαι τὰ τόξα take down oneʼs bow, Hdt. 3.78; τοὺς ἱστούς Plb. 1.61.1.

2 put down, close

put down, close the eyes of the dead, ὄσσε καθαιρήσουσι θανόντι περ Il. 11.453; ὀφθαλμοὺς καθελοῦσα Od. 24.296; χερσὶ κατʼ ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑλέειν 11.426.

3 bring down

of sorcerers, bring down from the sky, σελήνην Ar. Nu. 750, Pl. Grg. 513a.

4 swallow

κατά με πέδον γᾶς ἕλοι may earth swallow me! E. Supp. 829 (lyr.).

II put down by force, destroy, kill, slay, to be executed

put down by force, destroy, ὅτε κέν μιν μοῖρʼ ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι Od. 2.100, 19.145, cf. 3.238, etc.; μὴ καθέλοι μιν αἰών Pi. O. 9.60; φῶτʼ ἄδικον καθαιρεῖ A. Ag. 398 (lyr.); μοῖρα τὸν φύσαντα καθεῖλε S. Aj. 517, cf. E. El. 878 (lyr.), etc.; kill, slay, ταῦρον ib. 1143, cf. Stesich. 23, S. Tr. 1063, Fr. 205; ἐάν τις ἀποκτείνῃ . . ἐν ὁδῷ καθελών Lex ap. D. 23.53:—Pass., of criminals, to be executed, Plu. Them. 22.

2 put down, reduce, depose, dethrone, remove, utterly, bereft

put down, reduce, κ. Κῦρον καὶ τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν Hdt. 1.71, etc.; καθαιρεθῆναι, opp. ἀρθῆναι, D. 2.8; esp. depose, dethrone, Hdt. 1.124, etc.; κ. τὸ λῃστικὸν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης remove it utterly from . . , Th. 1.4, cf. POxy. 1408.23 (iii A.D.); κ. ὕβριν τινός Hdt. 9.27, LXX Za. 9.6; ὄλβον S. Fr. 646.4; ὑπερηφάνους Aristeas 263:—Pass., καθῃρημένος τὴν αἴσθησιν bereft of sense, Plu. Per. 38; καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος [Ἀρτέμιδος] Act.Ap. 19.27.

3 raze to the ground, demolish

raze to the ground, demolish, πόλεις Th. 1.58, al., LXX Is. 14.17; τείχη Pl. Mx. 244c; τῶν τειχῶν a part of the walls, X. HG 4.4.13:—Pass., Th. 5.39, etc.; καθῃρέθη . . Οἰχαλία δορί S. Tr. 478.

4 cancel, rescind

cancel, rescind, τὸ Μεγαρέων ψήφισμα Th. 1.140, cf. 139, Plu. Per. 29; ἔργον κ. λόγῳ Philem. 140.

5 condemn, guilty, decide, prove

as law-term, condemn, ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψῆφος a verdict of guilty, Lys. 13.37: c. inf., ἐμὲ πάλος καθαιρεῖ . . λαβεῖν S. Ant. 275; so prob. κατά με . . Ἀΐδας ἕλοι πατρὶ ξυνθανεῖν Id. OC 1689 (lyr.), cf. E. Or. 862; simply, decide, ὅ τι ἂν αἱ πλείους ψῆφοι καθαιρῶσι D.H. 7.36, 39; in book-keeping, ἃν καθαιρῶσιν αἱ ψῆφοι whatever the counters (or accounts) prove, prob. in D. 18.227.

6 reduce, minimize

reduce, τῶν αὐξανομένων καὶ καθαιρουμένων γραμμῶν Arist. Ph. 237b9; τοῦ ἀποστήματος πεφυκότος ἐπὶ πολὺ καθαιρεῖν τὰ μεγέθη Phld. Sign. 9; of mild caustics, τὰ ὑπερσαρκέοντα καθαιρεῖ (prob. for καθαίρει) Hp. Ulc. 14, cf. Gal. 11.756; τὸ σῶμα κ. διαίταις Plu. Ant. 53: Rhet., minimize, Arist. Rh. 1376a34.

III overpower, seize, overtake, catch, seize by

overpower, seize, κὰδ δέ μιν ὕπνος ᾕρει Od. 9.372; κ. τινά overtake, X. Cyr. 4.3.16; κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀφροσύνῃ catch in the act of folly, S. Ant. 383 (anap.): c. gen. partis, κ. τῶν ὤτων seize by . . , Theoc. 5.133:—Pass., κ. ὑπό τινος Hdt. 6.29.

IV fetch down as a reward, prize, achieve

fetch down as a reward or prize, καθαιρεῖν ἀγῶνας Plu. Pomp. 8: metaph., achieve, ἀγώνιον . . εὖχος ἔργῳ καθελών Pi. O. 10(11).63: fut. inf. καθαρεῖν, παστόν, μίτραν, Epigr. in Berl.Sitzb. 1894.908 (Asia Minor):—Med., φόνῳ καθαιρεῖσθʼ, οὐ λόγῳ, τὰ πράγματα E. Supp. 749:—Pass., Hdt. 7.50.

V take and carry off

less freq. like the simple αἱρεῖν, take and carry off, Id. 6.41, cf. 5.36 (Pass.). Cf. καθαίρω.

In the wild

6 of 253 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

No etymology authority pointer is recorded for this lemma yet — an honest gap, not an omission. The etymological dictionaries (Beekes, Chantraine, Frisk) are matched incrementally.

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