κάτω

I downwards, down

with Verbs implying Motion, downwards, ἐπισκύνιον κ. ἕλκεται Il. 17.136; κ. ὁρόων Od. 23.91; κατὰ τείχεος κ. ῥίπτειν Hdt. 8.53; κατώρυξέν με κατὰ τῆς γῆς κ. Ar. Pl. 238; χώρει κ. A. Pr. 74; κ. δάκρυʼ εἰβομένη S. Ant. 527 (anap.), cf. E. Fr. 384; esp. of the nether world, A. Pers. 839, S. Ant. 197, etc.; κ. βλέπειν, φέρεσθαι, Pl. R. 500b, 584e; κ. διεχώρει αὐτοῖς they suffered from diarrhoea, X. An. 4.8.20, cf. Hp. Epid. 5.20; φάρμακον πῖσαι κ. give a purgative, Id. Aff. 32, cf. 15; κ. βοηθεῖν g

2 downwards

downwards, in a chain of causes, ἐπὶ τὸ κ. ἰέναι Arist. Metaph. 994a19.

3 down from

c. gen., down from, πετρῶν ὦσαι κ. E. Cyc. 448.

II beneath, below

with Verbs implying Rest (so more freq. in Prose), beneath, below, opp. ἄνω, Hes. Th. 301, etc.: ὁ τόπος ὁ κ. καλούμενος Pl. Phd. 112c.

b in the world below, the dead

in the world below, S. Aj. 660, OC 1563 (lyr.), etc.; οἱ κ. the dead, Id. Aj. 865, Ant. 75, etc.; οἱ κ. θεοί Id. El. 292, cf. E. Alc. 851.

c below, southward, on the coast, lower

geographically below, southward, Hdt., v. ἄνω (B) A. II.1e; also κ. οἰκεῖν to dwell on the coast, Th. 1.7; οἱ κ., opp. οἱ τὴν μεσόγειαν κατῳκημένοι, ib. 120; ἡ. κ. Γαλατία lower Galatia, Plu. Aem. 9, etc.; βασιλεὺς τῶν τε ἄνω καὶ τῶν κ. χωρῶν OGI 90.3 (Rosetta, ii B.C.).

d the starting-place

in the race-course, τὰ κ. the starting-place, opp. τὰ ἄνω (the goal), Pl. R. 613b.

e the lower, miscarry, fail

τὰ κ. τῶν μελῶν the lower limbs of the body, Id. Lg. 794d; ἡ κ. κοιλία, opp. ἡ ἄνω, Arist. Mete. 360b24. PA 676a5; περὶ τὰ κ. χωρεῖν miscarry, fail, Luc. Ind. 1.

f afterwards, later, later

of Time, afterwards, later, Ael. VH 5.13; οἱ κ. χρόνοι Plu. Cor. 25; οἱ κ., opp. οἱ πάλαι, Luc. Hipp. 1; τοῦ χρόνου κ. later in time, Ael. VH 3.17, NA 2.18; Δαρεῖος ὁ κ. ib. 6.48; cf. ἄνω (B) A.II.1.i.

g the lower members

in Logic, τὰ κ. the lower members in a descending series of genera and species, Arist. APo. 97a31, Metaph. 992a18.

III under, below

c. gen., under, below, κ. χθονός, γῆς, A. Eu. 1023, S. OT 968, etc.

IV lower, downwards, lower than, below

Comp. κατωτέρω lower, downwards, Ar. Ra. 70, Alex. 173.2: c. gen., lower than, below, Hdt. 8.132.

2 at the lowest part

Sup. κατωτάτω at the lowest part, τὰ κ. Id. 2.125 (but in signf. II.g, Phld. Sign. 29).