lăpis — Lewis & Short
lăpis, ĭdis (
abl. lapi, Enn. ap. Prisc. 708 P.;I gen. plur. lapiderum, C. Gell. ap. Charis. p. 40 P.), m. (f.: tanto sublatae sunt augmine tunc lapides, Enn. ap. Non. 211, 9) [etym. dub.; perh. from same root with rupes; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 545; not connected with la=as, Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. p. 542], a stone (cf.: saxum, silex, cautes, cos, calculus).
I In gen.:
stillicidi casus lapidem cavat,Lucr. 1, 313:
undique lapides in murum jaci coepti sunt,Caes. B. G. 2, 6; cf. Cic. Mil. 15, 41:
pars eminus glande aut lapidibus pugnare,Sall. J. 57, 4:
lapide percussus,Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33:
lapidem habere, ut illi cerebrum excutiam,id. Capt. 3, 4, 69; cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 197:
consul ingentem vim modicorum, qui funda mitti possent, lapidum paraverat,Liv. 38, 20, 1; Gell. 4, 14, 3 sqq.:
e lapide duro parietes construere,Plin. 36, 22, 51, § 171:
lapis duritia marmoris,id. 36, 22, 46, § 163:
bibulus,sandstone, pumice-stone, Verg. G. 2, 348:
molaris,a millstone, Quint. 2, 19, 3; cf.:
num me illue ducis, ubi lapis lapidem terit?i. e. into the mill, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 16: Parius, Parian stone, i. e. Parian marble, Verg. A. 1, 593:
lapide candidiore diem notare,i. e. to mark with a white stone the luckiest day, Cat. 68, 148; cf. lapillus.—
B Trop. for dulness, stupidity, want of feeling:
ego me credidi homini docto rem mandare: is lapidi mando maximo,Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 47:
i, quid stas, lapis? quin accipis?Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3; cf. id. ib. 5, 1, 43:
tu, inquam, mulier, quae me omnino lapidem, non hominem putas,id. Hec. 2, 1, 17;
and with silex (q. v.): tu es lapide silice stultior,Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 78; cf.:
lapides mehercule omnes flere ac lamentari coëgisses,Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245:
lapis est ferrumque suam quicumque puellam verberat,Tib. 1, 10, 59:
aut mare prospiciens in saxo frigida sedi, quamque lapis sedes, tam lapis ipsa fui,Ov. H. 19, 30.—Prov.:
lapidem ferre altera manu, altera panem ostentare,i. e. to flatter openly and injure secretly, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 18:
verberare lapidem,i. e. to hurt one's self more than one's enemy, id. Curc. 1, 3, 41:
lapides loqui,to speak hard words, id. Aul. 2, 1, 29:
ad eundem lapidem bis offendere,to commit the same error twice, Aus. Ep. 11; so,
bis ad eundem (sc. lapidem),Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 2.—
II In partic.
A A mile-stone, set up on the roads at every thousand paces, which made a Roman mile;
hence, with an ordinal numeral added to denote distance in miles: ad quartum et vicesimum lapidem a Roma,Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 14; cf.:
effoditur ad vigesimum ab Urbe lapidem,Plin. 33, 12, 56, § 159:
sacra videt fieri sextus ab Urbe lapis,Ov. F. 6, 682:
intra vicesimum lapidem,Liv. 5, 4 fin.:
duodecimum apud lapidem,Tac. A. 3, 45:
a tertio lapide,Flor. 2, 6 fin.: ad lapidem undecimum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 250 Müll.—Sometimes ellipt. without lapis:
ad duodecimum a Cremona,Tac. H. 2, 24:
ad quartum,id. ib. 2, 39:
ad octavum,id. ib. 3, 15.—
B The stone or stone elevation on which the prætor stood at slavesales:
in eo ipso astas lapide, ubi praeco praedicat,Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 17; Col. 3, 3, 8:
praeter duos de lapide emptos tribunos,Cic. Pis. 15, 35.—
C Terminalis, a landmark, boundary-stone, Amm. 18, 2, 15;
called lapis alone,Lact. 1, 20 fin.; so,
lapis sacer,Liv. 41, 13; cf.:
non fixus in agris, qui regeret certis finibus arva, lapis,Tib. 1, 3, 44; cf. id. 1, 1, 12.—
D A gravestone, tombstone, Prop. 3 (4), 1, 37; Tib. 1, 3, 54;
called also ultimus,Prop. 1, 17, 20.—
E A precious stone, gem, jewel, pearl (mostly poet.), Cat. 69, 3:
gemmas et lapides,Hor. C. 3, 24, 48:
clari lapides,id. ib. 4, 13, 14; Ov. A. A. 1, 432; Sil. 12, 231; Mart. 11, 50, 4; Tac. A. 3, 53; Macr. S. 7, 13, 11.—
F A statue: Jovem lapidem jurare, the statue of Jupiter at the Capitol, Cic. Fam. 7, 12, 2; Gell. 1, 21, 4; v. Juppiter.—*
2 Meton.:
albus,a table of white marble, a marble table, Hor. S. 1, 6, 116.