The corpus record — Latin

Neptunus

Neptune; the sea

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Dirae, Appendix Vergiliana 3 · 46.22/10k
Praefatiunculae 1 · 18.25/10k
Panegyricus de tertio consulatu Honorii Augusti 1 · 7.24/10k
Epodon 2 · 6.65/10k
De Spectaculis 4 · 6.29/10k
Rudens 7 · 5.9/10k
Eclogarum Liber 1 · 3.65/10k
de Natura Deorum 12 · 3.36/10k
De Arte Poetica liber 1 · 3.24/10k
Appendix Vergiliana 1 · 2.88/10k
de raptu Proserpinae 2 · 2.87/10k
Octavius 3 · 2.59/10k

Densest 12 of 70 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. Neptunus — de Vaan

Neptunus 'Neptune; the sea' [m. o] (Naev.+) Derivatives: Neptunalia, -drum [n.pl.] 'the festival of Neptune' (Varro+). Pit. *neptiino-? PIE *nebh-tu- 'moisture'? IE cognates: YAv. napta- [adj.] 'moist', aifiunapiim [absol.] 'moistening'. Rix 1981: 123 (= 2001: 291) supports the derivation from an abstract *nebh-tu'moisturing' with a suffix *-h3n- for indicating 'rulers': hence 'Lord of moisturing' > of irrigation, … — [de Vaan, s.v. Neptunus, p. 420]

2. Neptūnus — Lewis & Short

Neptūnus, i, m.Zend, nāpita, wet; Sanscr. nepa, water; Gr. root, nip-, nib-, ni/fw, xe/rniy; cf. nimbus, rain-cloud,

I Neptune, the god of the sea and of other waters, brother of Jupiter and husband of Amphitrite: Neptuno gratis habeo et tempestatibus, Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 2: allocutus summi deum regis fratrem Neptunum, regnatorem Marum, Naev. 3, 2; 2, 21: omnipotens Neptune, Turp. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 34, 72 (Com. Rel. v. 118 Rib.): Neptunus salsipotens et multipotens, Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 1: ut Portumnus a portu, sic Neptunus a nando, paulum primis litteris immutatis, Cic. N. D. 2, 26, 66; 3, 24, 62: Neptunum deum numeras, id. ib. 3, 17, 43; 3, 20, 52: caeruleos oculos esse Neptuni, id. ib. 1, 30, 83; Verg. A. 3, 74: uterque, who presides over the salt and fresh waters, Cat. 31, 3: Neptunus pater, Gell. 5, 12, 5: haec ad Neptuni pecudes condimenta sunt, food for fishes, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 44.—

II Transf.

A The sea (poet.): credere se Neptuno, Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 2; 2, 3, 42: Neptuni corpus acerbum, Lucr. 2, 472; Verg. G. 4, 29: hibernus, Hor. Epod. 17, 55.—*

B A fish, Naev. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 58 Müll. (Com. Rel. v. 121 Rib.).

3. Neptünus — Walde–Hofmann

Neptünus, - m. „Gott der Quellen und Flüsse, dann (durch Gleichsetzung mit Poseidon) der Seen und Meere" (Wissowa Rel.? 226, Skutsch Gl. 3, 364, Weinstock RE. 16, 2514f.); met. „Meer, Fische“ [seit Naev., rom.; Neptünülia n. „Fest des N. am 23. Juli“ seit Varro; ludi Neptünäles seit Tert, wofür Neptünülic CIL. I? . 322], Neptünius, -a, -um seit Plaut, Neptänicola Sil): ^ iet das Wort. wie wrsch., idg. Erbwort, so … — [Walde–Hofmann, s.v. Neptünus, p. 1068]

In the wild

Neptuno Vergil, Georgicon 4.29
Neptuno Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 6.25.p1
Neptunus Propertius, Elegiae 2.26b.27
Neptune Ovid, Metamorphoses 6.115
Neptunum Tertullian, De Spectaculis 5.1
Neptunus Cicero, De Officiis 1.32.p1

6 of 170 attestations shown.

Where it came from

de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. Neptunus (scan pp. 420-421; entry #1137). Root candidates: *nebhtuhrn-, *ner-, *h2ner-.
Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. Neptünus (scan p. 1068; entry #1842). Root candidates: *ap-.

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.