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The corpus record — Latin

tranquillus

tranquillus

calm, still

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 115 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. tranquillus — de Vaan

tranquillus 'calm, still' [adj. ο/α] (Ρ1.+) Derivatives: tranquillitas 'calmness, quiet condition' (PI.+), tranquillare 'to make calm' (P1.+). The etymology as * trans 'across' + *kwilno- 'quiet' (root *k w ih r 'be quiet') is semantically vague (the meaning of tram does not fit); phonetically, the assumed development of *-rafcw- > -nqu- is disputed. Also, the suffix is unclear. Bibl.: WH II: 700, EM 699, IEW 638, … — [de Vaan, s.v. tranquillus, p. 641]

2. tranquillus — Lewis & Short

tranquillus, a. um. adj.,

I quiet, calm, still, tranquil, opp. to motion or excitement (syn. serenus).
I Lit., chiefly of calmness of weather: ut mare, quod suā naturā tranquillum sit, ventorum vi agitari atque turbari, Cic. Clu. 49, 138: tranquillo mari gubernare, Liv. 24, 8, 12; 38, 10, 5; 28, 17. 12: leni ac tranquillo mari, Curt. 4, 2, 8: aequora, Val. Fl. 2, 609: aquae, Ov. P. 2, 7, 8: caelum, calm, tranquil, Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 192; cf. dies, id. 2, 45, 44, § 114: serenitas, Liv. 2, 62, 2: sic tranquillum mare dicitur, cum leviter movetur neque in unam partem inclinatur ... scito illud non stare, sed succuti leviter et dici tranquillum, quia neque huc neque illo impetum faciat, Sen. Q. N. 5, 1, 1.—
b Subst.: tranquillum, i, n., a calm; a quiet sea: tranquillum est, Alcedonia sunt circum forum, Plaut. Cas. prol. 26; cf.: qui te ad scopulum e tranquillo auferat, Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 8: in tranquillo tempestatem adversam optare dementis est, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83: ita aut tranquillum aut procellae in vobis sunt, Liv. 28, 27, 11: tranquillo pervectus Chalcidem, on the calm, tranquil sea, Liv. 31, 23, 4: classicique milites tranquillo in altum evecti, id. 26, 51, 6: non tranquillo navigamus, id. 24, 8, 13 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.: tranquillo, ut aiunt, quilibet gubernator est, Sen. Ep. 85, 30: alia tranquillo velut oscitatio, Plin. 9, 7, 6, § 18.—Plur.: testudines eminente dorso per tranquilla fluitantes, Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 35: immoti jacent tranquilla pelagi, Sen. Troad. 200.—
B Transf.: tranquilla et serena frons, calm, not disturbed, Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31: tranquillo serenoque vultu, Suet. Aug. 79. —
II Trop., calm, quiet, peaceful, placid, composed, untroubled, undisturbed, serene, tranquil (cf. quietus): efficiendum est, ut appetitus sint tranquilli atque omni perturbatione animi careant, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102: tranquillum facere ex irato, Plaut. Cist. 3, 21; so (opp. irata) id. Poen. 1, 2, 145: locus, id. Ep. 3, 4, 8: ut liqueant omnia et tranquilla sint, id. Most. 2, 1, 70: tranquillam concinna viam, id. Stich. 2, 1, 13: placata, tranquilla, quieta, beata vita, Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 71; cf.: pacatae tranquillaeque civitates, id. de Or. 1, 8, 30: nihil quieti videre, nihil tranquilli, id. Fin. 1, 18, 38: tutae tranquillaeque res omnes, Sall. C. 16, 5; so, res, Liv. 38, 28, 1: tranquillo animo esse potest nemo, Cic. Sen. 20, 74; cf.: tranquillo pectore vultuque sereno, Lucr. 3, 294: senectus, Hor. S. 2, 1, 57: otia sine armis, Luc. 2, 266: pax, id. 1, 171.—Comp.: ita hanc canem faciam tibi oleo tranquilliorem, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 66: tranquilliorem plebem fecerunt, Liv. 2, 63, 3: esse tranquillior animo, Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6.—Of an orator: in transferendis faciendisque verbis tranquillior (Isocrates), Cic. Or. 52, 176.—Sup.: illud meum turbulentissimum tempus profectionis tuo tranquillissimo praestat, Cic. Pis. 15, 33: cetera videntur esse tranquilla: tranquillissimus autem animus meus, id. Att. 7, 7, 4: tranquillissima res, Ter. And. 3, 5, 14: otium, Plin. Ep. 7, 25, 2.—
b Subst.: tranquillum, i, n., calmness, quiet, tranquillity, etc.: vitam ... in tam tranquillo ... locare, Lucr. 5, 12; cf.: esse in tranquillo, Ter. Eun. 5 (8), 9, 8: in urbe ex tranquillo nec opinata moles discordiarum ... exorta est, Liv. 4, 43, 3: seditionem in tranquillum conferre, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 16: republicā in tranquillum redactā, Liv. 3, 40, 11.—Plur.: tranquilla tuens nec fronte timendus, Val. Fl. 1, 38.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
1 tranquillē, calmly, quietly, tranquilly: inclamare, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 112: tranquille placideque, Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, 25: dicere, with leniter, definite, etc., id. Or. 28, 99.—Comp.: tranquillius manere, Sen. Ep. 71, 15.—Sup.: tranquillissime senuit, Suet. Aug. 2 med.—
2 tranquillō, quietly, without disturbance (very rare): nec cetera modo tribuni tranquillo peregere, Liv. 3, 14, 6; cf. supra, I. b.—
B Transf., tranquillizing, bringing peaceful news: tranquillae tuae quidem litterae, Cic. Att. 14, 3, 1.

Where it came from

  • de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. tranquillus (scan p. 641; entry #1838). Root candidates: *kwilno-.
  • Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. tranquillus (scan p. 723; entry #12031).

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.