LOGOI

The corpus record — Latin

trans

trans

across, through

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 84 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. trans — de Vaan

trans 'across, through' [prep. +acc., adv.] (P1.+; tra- in front ofd-J-, /-, m-, n-, v-) Pit *tran(t)s. It cognates: U. trahaf, tra [prep. + loc], traha, trqf, tra [prep. + ace] 'on the other side of; U. trah- prefix. PIE *trh2-nt-s ^'crossing' [nom.sg.m7f.]. IE cognates: MW tardu, MCo. tardha, OBret. tardom 'to spring up, burst out' < PCL *tarie/o~ < *trh2-ie-; Hit. tarhu-2* 'to prevail, be able* < *terh2-u-ti9 … — [de Vaan, s.v. trans, p. 641]

2. trans — Lewis & Short

trans, prep. with te/rma, goal; Lat. terminus, etc.],

acc. [Sanscr. tar-, to put across; tiram, brink; Gr.
I across, over, beyond, on the farther side of.
A With verbs of motion: trans mare hinc venum asportet, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 19; cf.: qui trans mare currunt, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 27: hominum multitudinem trans Rhenum in Galliam transducere, Caes. B. G. 1, 35: vexillum trans vallum hostium traicere, Liv. 25, 14, 4: trans vallum transicere signum, id. 41, 4, 2; cf.: cineres transque caput jace, Verg. E. 8, 102: trans Apenninum coloniis missis, Liv. 5, 33, 9: curvos trans ripam miserat arcus, Ov. M. 9, 114: Naevus trans Alpes usque transfertur, Cic. Quint. 3, 12. —
B With verbs of rest: Germani trans Rhenum incolunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 28: trans Tiberim hortos aliquos parare, Cic. Att. 12, 19, 1: si scisset, sibi trans Euphratem esse pereundum, id. Div. 2, 9, 22: domino trans ripam inspectante, id. Mil. 27, 174: eo ipso tempore trans mare fui, id. Inv. 1, 29, 45: trans flumen, id. ib. 2, 31, 97: tuae res gestae ita notae sunt, ut trans montem Taurum etiam de Matrinio sit auditum, id. Fam. 2, 15, 5: colonia, quae trans Padum omnia loca tenuere, Liv. 5, 33, 10: omnibus ultra castra transque montis exploratis, id. 22, 43, 7.—
II In composition, trans before vowels, except i, and the consonants b, c, f, g, p, r, t, and v remains unchanged; before i, j, d, l, m, and n the orthography varies between trans and trā, e. g. transdo and trado, transduco and traduco, etc.; the fuller form predominates in Cæsar. The s of trans disappears usually before another s, and always before sc, e. g. transilio, transcendo, transpicio, etc.; cf. Bramb. Aids to Lat. Orth. p. 38; Neue, Formenl. II. 734 sq.—
B As to its signification, trans denotes,
1 Over, across; as, trado, traduco, transcurro, transeo, etc.—
2 Through, through and through; as, transfigo, transigo, traicio, transadigo, etc.—
3 Beyond, transalpinus.

In the wild

6 of 307 attestations shown.

Where it came from

  • de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. trans (scan pp. 641-642; entry #1839). Root candidates: *terh2-.
  • Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. trans (scan p. 723; entry #12036).

Downloads

Word record (JSON)·Concordance (CSV)·Frequencies (CSV)·Cite (BibTeX)

CC BY 4.0 with receipt attribution — every file carries its license line. What is exportable

Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.