The corpus record — Latin

trepidus

fearful, anxious

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Cupido cruciatur 2 · 27.14/10k
Octavia 5 · 9.56/10k
Thebais 46 · 7.36/10k
Didius Julianus 1 · 6.29/10k
Punica 44 · 5.77/10k
de raptu Proserpinae 4 · 5.74/10k
Argonautica 21 · 5.65/10k
Panegyricus de sexto consulatu Honorii Augusti 2 · 4.81/10k
Thyestes 3 · 4.76/10k
Carminum minorum corpusculum 4 · 4.74/10k
Hercules Oetaeus 5 · 4.44/10k
Achilleis 3 · 4.16/10k

Densest 12 of 78 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. trepidus — de Vaan

trepidus 'fearful, anxious' [adj. o/a] (Lucr.+) Derivatives: trepidare 'to act in a state of alarm, be anxious, hurry' (PL+), trepidulus 'trembling with apprehension' (Enn.+); attrepidare 'to bestir oneself (P1.+); trepit 'turns' (Paul, ex F.\ Pit. *trep-. PIE *trep- 'to tremble'. IE cognates: OCS trepetb 'trembling, fear', trepetati 'to tremble'. The appurtenance of trepit here is uncertain: it might be a … — [de Vaan, s.v. trepidus, p. 642]

2. trĕpĭdus — Lewis & Short

trĕpĭdus, a, um, adj.root in Gr. tre/pw, to turn, put to flight; cf. Lat. torqueo (cf. Fest. p. 367 Müll.); prop. scared; hence,

I restless, agitated, anxious, solicitous, disturbed, alarmed, in a state of trepidation, etc. (not. freq. in prose till the Aug. per.; perh. not at all in Cic. and Cæs.): tum trepidae inter se coëunt pennisque coruscant (apes), in a hurry, Verg. G. 4, 73; so, Dido, id. A. 4, 642 Serv.: hic galeam tectis trepidus rapit, id. ib. 7, 638; 9, 233: trepidi improviso metu, Sall. J. 97, 5; cf.: curia maesta ac trepida ancipiti metu, Liv. 2, 24, 3: Romae nocturnus terror ita ex somno trepidam repente civitatem excivit, id. 8, 37, 6: trepidi formidine portas Explorant, Verg. A. 9, 169; Just. 2, 13, 9. — ( b ) With gen.: illae (apes) intus trepidae rerum per cerea castra Discurrunt, Verg. A. 12, 589: Messenii trepidi rerum suarum, Liv. 36, 31, 5; so, rerum suarum, id. 5, 11, 4: salutis, Sil. 12, 13: admirationis ac metus, Tac. A. 6, 21 fin.: tubarum, Stat. Th. 11, 325. —

b Of things: illud (ferrum) in trepidā submersum sibilat unda, Ov. M. 12, 279 (Merkel, tepidā); cf.: et foliis undam trepidi despumat aheni, i. e. bubbling, foaming, Verg. G. 1, 296: venae, Ov. M. 6, 389: pes, id. ib. 4, 100: ōs, id. ib. 5, 231: vultus, id. ib. 4, 485: cursus, Verg. A. 4, 672: terror, Lucr. 5, 41: metus, Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 54; Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 15: tumultus belli, Lucr. 3, 846: certamen, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 48: motus, Ov. M. 8, 606: fletus, id. ib. 4, 673: in re trepidā, in a critical situation, perilous juncture, Liv. 1, 27, 7; 4, 46, 8; 26, 5, 7; cf. in plur.: in trepidis rebus, id. 4, 17, 8; 4, 56, 8; Tib. 2, 3, 21; Hor. C. 3, 2, 5; Sil. 7, 1; cf. Sall. J. 91, 5: incerta et trepida vita, Tac. A. 14, 59; so, vita, id. ib. 4, 70 fin.: litterae, i. e. announcing danger, bringing alarming news, Curt. 7, 1, 36; so, nuntius, Just. 31, 2, 8.—Adv.: trĕpĭdē, hastily, in a state of confusion or alarm, with trepidation: trepide concursans, Phaedr. 2, 5, 2: classis trepide soluta, Liv. 22, 31, 5; so, relictis castris, id. 7, 11, 1: deserta stativa, id. 10, 12, 6: trepide anxieque certare, Suet. Ner. 23.

3. trepidus — Walde–Hofmann

trepidus, -a, -wm „trippelnd, teils aus Eilfertigkeit, teils aus Furcht: hastıg, unruhig, ängstlich, besorgt; beunruhigend, verwirrend“ (rit Lucr. und Sall), trepido, -ävi, -Atum, -üre „laufe ängstlich in und her; zage, bange; bin unschlüssig* (seit Verg., trepidátio. -ónis f, „Unruhe, Unordnung“ seit Hirt, rom.), trepidulus, -a, -um „zitternd“ (Enn.); vgl. trepidärius, -a, -um „trippelnd“ seit Veg. (vgl. … — [Walde–Hofmann, s.v. trepidus, p. 1609]

In the wild

trepidum Apuleius, Metamorphoses 3.10
trepidis Prudentius, Psychomachia 1.447
trepidis Statius, Thebais 10.899
trepidaeque Ausonius, Cupido cruciatur 1.71
trepidam Livy, Ab urbe condita 1.8.37.6
trepidos Vergil, Aeneid 12.583

6 of 397 attestations shown.

Where it came from

de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. trepidus (scan p. 642; entry #1841). Root candidates: *trep-, *trem-, *tres-.
Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. trepidus (scan p. 725; entry #12057).
Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. trepidus (scan p. 1609; entry #3066).

Downloads

Word record (JSON)·Concordance (CSV)·Frequencies (CSV)·Cite (BibTeX)

CC BY 4.0 with receipt attribution — every file carries its license line. What is exportable

Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.