1. μά · ma
ναὶ μὰ . . , in affirmation, ναὶ μὰ τόδε σκῆπτρον yea by this staff, Il. 1.234, cf. h.Merc. 460; ναὶ μὰ γὰρ ὅρκον Pi. N. 11.24; ναὶ μὰ Δία, ναὶ μὰ τὸν Δία, etc., Ar. Ach. 88, Pl. R. 407b, etc.; also μὰ ναί Inscr.Cypr. 109 H.
οὐ μὰ . . , in negation, οὐ μὰ γὰρ Ἀπόλλωνα, οὐ μὰ Ζῆνα, nay, by . . , Il. 1.86, 23.43; οὐ μὰ τὴν δέσποιναν Ἄρτεμιν S. El. 626; οὔ τοι μὰ τοὺς δώδεκα θεούς Ar. Eq. 235; οὐ μὰ τὸν Δία, οὔκουν οὕτω γε . . Pl. Tht. 142e.
after Hom. μά is freq. used alone,
chiefly in negation when the negative follows, μὰ Δίʼ οὐκ εἶδον ἐμαυτοῦ ἀμείνω ὑλοτόμον IG 1(2).1084; μὰ τὴν πατρῴαν ἑστίαν, ἀλλʼ οὐχ ὕβρει λέγω τάδʼ S. El. 881; μὰ τοὺς παρʼ Ἅιδῃ νερτέρους ἀλάστορας, οὔτοι ποτʼ ἔσται τοῦτο E. Med. 1059; μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω, οὔκ Ar. Th. 269, cf. A. Ag. 1432, E. Cyc. 262, Pl. Prt. 312e; μὰ τὴν γῆν, μὴ σύγε δῷς Anaxil. 9; μὰ δαίμονας, οὐκ ἀπὸ ῥυσμοῦ εἰκάζω Call. Epigr. 44; μὰ τὸν Δία δὲ οὐδὲ νομίζω . . IG 2(2).1099.30 (ii A.D.); μὰ σέ, Καῖσαρ, οὐδείς σε νικᾷ D.C. 61.20:
in reply to an imper., ἀπόδος αὐτό; Answ. μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω Ar. Th. 748.
in later Gr. in affirmation, δακρύω μὰ σέ, δαῖμον Annales du Service 27.32 (Egypt); μὰ τὴν Ἄρτεμιν Ἀκοντίῳ γαμοῦμαι Aristaenet. 1.10, cf. Ach.Tat. 8.5.
in colloquial discourse, esp. Att. (cf. Greg.Cor. p.150 S., Ph. 2.271), the name of the deity sworn by was often suppressed, to avoid a downright oath, μὰ τόν Ar. Ra. 1374 (lyr.), Pl. Grg. 466e; μὰ τήν Men. 369; ναὶ μὰ τόν Call. Fr. 66d, Ael. NA 3.19; ναὶ μὰ τάς (sc. Χάριτας) Suid. s.v. ναὶ μὰ τό (codd. dett.); οὐ μὰ τὸν — οὐκ ὀμόσω AP 12.201 (Strat.), cf. 7.112 (D.L.).
μά is sts. omitted after ναί (q. v.); also after οὐ, οὐ τὸν πάντων θεῶν θεὸν πρόμον Ἅλιον S. OT 660 (lyr.); οὐ τὸν Ὄλυμπον ib. 1088 (lyr.); οὐ τόνδʼ Ὄλυμπον Id. Ant. 758, cf. El. 1063 (lyr.).