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ὅρκος

orkos

oath

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Where it lives

Densest 12 of 134 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. ὅρκος · horkos — Beekes

ὅρκος [m.] ‘oath’ (II), ‘object to swear by’, originally of the water of the Styx (B 755, Hes., h. Cer. 259). 42> *COMP ὀρκ-ωμότης [m.] ‘who takes an oath’ (Arc, Locr. inscr. VI-V*) with ὀρκωμοτ-ἕω [v.] ‘to take an oath’ (trag., etc.), a compound of ὅρκον ὀμόσαι with a suffix -τη-; εὔτορκος ‘faithful to one’s oath’ (Hes.) with evopx-éw; Ev-opkoc ‘bound by oath’ (Att.) with ἐνορκ-ίζομαι [v.] ‘to bind by oath’; but … — [Beekes, s.v. ὅρκος, p. 1154]

2. ὅρκος · horkos — Chantraine

ὅρκος», c.-à-d. l’objet sacralisant qui garantit le serment, voir s.u. ὅρκος ; cf. Hoffmann, ΚΖ 83, 1969, 193 sq. Doutes de Frisk et de Hiersche, R. Et. Gr. 1958, 35 sq. Voir encore Strunk, o.c. et Mayrhofer, Elym. Wb. 1,42 s.u. amiti. Bcekes, Laryngeals 131, 234 pose *2.em-23-. — [Chantraine, s.v. ὅρκος, p. 816]

3. ὅρκος · horkos — Chantraine

ὅρκος : m. (Hom., ion.-att., etc.), comme complément de ὄμνυμι ἃ dû désigner l'objet sacralisant par lequel on jure, cf. Archil. 96 Bergk; c'est ainsi que le Styx est lPépxoc des dieux (Il. 2,755 ; 15,38, Hés., Th, 400, H. Dém, 259) ou son sceptre le garant du serment d'Achille (II. 1,233), cf. encore IL 7,411; 10,321 ; 23,581 sq., cf. Et.; couramment le mot signifie, depuis Homère, « serment », complément des … — [Chantraine, s.v. ὅρκος, p. 837]

4. ὅρκος · horkos — Frisk

ὅρκος m. “Eid’ (seit Il.), ‘Schwurgegenstand’, urspr. vom Wasser des Styx (B 755, Hes., h. Cer. 259). Kompp., z.B. ὁρκ-ωμό-της m. ‘der einen Eid schwört’ (ark., lokr. Inschr. VI—V®@) mit ὁρκωμοτ-ἐὼ “einen Eid schwören’ (Trag. u.a.), Zusammenbildung aus ὅρκον ὁμόσαι mit rn-Suffix; εὔτορκος “richtig schwörend, seinern Eide treu’ (seit Hes.) mit εὐορκ-έω, ἔν-ορκος “eidlich verpflichtet’ (att. usw.) mit &vopx-idoua: … — [Frisk, s.v. ὅρκος, p. 1390]

5. ὅρκος · horkos — Frisk

ὅρκος. Neue Erklärung von Benveniste Institutions II 166-171: ὅρκον ὀμόσαι eig. „saisir le ὅρκος“, d.h. „substance sacree, objet ou matiöre‘‘, von ἕρκος unabhängig, ohne Etymologie. Bei der Deutung von &niogxog geht B. wie Leumann vom Ausdruck ἐπὶ ὅρκον ὀμόσσαι aus; im einzelnen urteilt er aber anders. — [Frisk, s.v. ὅρκος, p. 2289]

6. ὅρκος · horkos — LSJ

the object by which one swears

the object by which one swears, as the Styx among the gods, Στυγὸς ὕδωρ, ὅς τε μέγιστος ὅ. δεινότατός τε πέλει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσι Il. 15.38, cf. 2.755, Hes. Th. 400, 784, 805, h.Cer. 259, Arist. Metaph. 983b31 ; or as Zeus among mortals, Pi. P. 4.167 ; so of things, ὅρκον δʼ ἐνοσφίσθης μέγαν, ἅλας τε καὶ τράπεζαν Archil. 96 ; οἷς ἦν μέγιστος ὅ . .. κύων, ἔπειτα χήν Cratin. 231, cf. Placit. 1.3.8 : hence,

2 oath, an oath by, oath, an oath, oath, an oath, sworn compact, it, oath, his oath, the oath, his oath, it, it, swear to, by oaths, oath

oath, mostly with epith. μέγας, καρτερός, Hom. (v. infr.), etc. ; θεῶν ὅ. an oath by the gods, Od. 2.377; μακάρων ὅ. 10.299, cf. S. OT 647, E. Hipp. 657 ; ὅ. ἐκ θεῶν μέγας A. Ag. 1284 ; ὅ. κατὰ τῶν . . ὀφθαλμῶν Aeschin. 2.153 ; ὅ. πλατύς a firm-based oath, Emp. 30.3 ; ὅρκον ὀμόσαι swear an oath, ὄμοσέν τε τελεύτησέν τε τὸν ὅ. Od. 2.378, etc. ; ὅ. ἀπώμνυ ib. 377, cf. 10.381 ; ἐπὶ δʼ ὅρκον ὀμεῖται Hes. Op. 194 ; κατομόσαι E. IT 790; ὅ. ἐπιορκῆσαι take a false oath, Aeschin. 1.115, etc. ; ὅρκου προ

II

Ὅρκος, personified, son of Eris, Hes. Op. 804; a divinity who punishes the false and perjured, ib. 219, Th. 231, Orac. ap. Hdt. 6.86.γʹ; Διὸς Ὅ., as servant of Zeus, S. OC 1767 (anap.). (Cogn. with ἕρκος.)

In the wild

6 of 475 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. ὅρκος (scan pp. 1154-1155; entry #4643).
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. ὅρκος (scan pp. 837-838; entry #6024).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. ὅρκος (scan pp. 1390-1391; entry #4327).

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