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The corpus record

οὐρανός

ouranos

heaven, sky

Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 125 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. οὐρανός · ouranos — Beekes

οὐρανός [m.] ‘heaven, sky’ (Il.), also personified (Hes.). eVAR Dor. Boeot. ὠρανός, Aeol. ὥρανος, ὄρανος (both probably for dpp-, see below). *COMP Often as a first member, e.g. οὐρανσςεμήκης ‘sky-high’ (e 239); in hypostases like ἐπ-ουράνιος ‘in the sky’ (11.). *DER 1. Diminutive οὐρανίσκος [m.] ‘tent-roof, palate’ (Hell.), also name of a constellation (sch.); 2. οὐράν-ιος ‘heavenly’ (Pi. … — [Beekes, s.v. οὐρανός, p. 1179]

2. οὐρανός · ouranos — Chantraine

οὐρανός : dor. pavés (Alem. 1,16), béot. pavés (Corinn. 654 III 40 P), lesbien ὄρανος (Sapho 52, 54, Alc. 338) mais ὥρανος (Sapho 1, Alc. 355). Sens « voûte du ciel » {de bronze ou de fer) (Hom., etc.), « séjour des dieux » (Hom., etc.}, dans le langage courant répond à fr. ciel (ion.-att.), « palais de la bouche » (Arist.) ; Οὐρανός depuis Hés. est le nom d’une divinité, fils et époux de Gaia «Terre» de qui descend … — [Chantraine, s.v. οὐρανός, p. 855]

3. οὐρανός · ouranos — Frisk

οὐρανός, dor. böot. ὠρανός, äol. ὥρανος, ὄρανος (beide wohl für öoo-, 8.u.) m. “Himmel’ (seit Il.), auch personifiziert (Hes. usw.). Oft als Vorderglied, z.B. οὐρανο-μήκης "himmelhoch’ (seit ε 239); in Hypostasen wie Er-ovedr-ıos “im Himmel befindlich’ (seit D.). — Davon 1. das Demin. oögavloxos m. “Zeltdach, Gaumen’ (hell. u. sp.), auch N. eines Sternbildes (Sch.; Scherer Gestirnnamen 193); 2. odoedr-ıos … — [Frisk, s.v. οὐρανός, p. 1418]

4. οὐρᾰνός · ouranos — LSJ

I heaven

heaven: in Hom. and Hes.,

1 vault, firmament of heaven, sky

vault or firmament of heaven, sky, γαῖα . . ἐγείνατο ἶσον ἑαυτῇ οὐρανὸν ἀστερόεντα, ἵνα μιν περὶ πάντα καλύπτοι Hes. Th. 127; ἔχει δέ τε κίονας αὐτὸς [Ἄτλας] μακράς, αἳ γαῖάν τε καὶ οὐρανὸν ἀμφὶς ἔχουσι Od. 1.54, cf. A. Pr. 351; χάλκεος Il. 17.425; πολύχαλκος 5.504, Od. 3.2; σιδήρεος 15.329; wrapped in clouds, Il. 15.192, Od. 5.303; above the aether, Il. 2.458, 17.425, 19.351, cf. Sch. Il. 3.3; even Emp. continued to regard it as solid (στερέμνιον), Placit. 2.11.2 (Vorsokr. ip.209); defined as α

2 heaven, Heaven, heaven

heaven, as the seat of the gods, outside or above this skyey vault, the portion of Zeus (v. Ὄλυμπος), 15.192, cf. Od. 1.67, etc.; οὐ. Οὔλυμπός τε Il. 1.497, 8.394; Οὔλυμπός τε καὶ οὐ. 19.128; πύλαι οὐρανοῦ Heaven-gate, i. e. a thick cloud, which the Ὧραι lifted and put down like a trap-door, 5.749, 8.393; so, later, οἱ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ the gods of heaven, A. Pr. 897 (lyr.); οἱ ἐν οὐρανῷ θεοί (viz. Sun, etc.) Pl. R. 508a; εὔχετο, χεῖρʼ ὀρέγων εἰς οὐ. ἀστερόεντα Il. 15.371, Od. 9.527; νὴ τὸν οὐ. Ar. Pl.

3 sky, to heaven, to heaven, to heaven, on high

in common language, sky, οὐδέ τις ἄλλη φαίνετο γαιάων, ἀλλʼ οὐ. ἠδὲ θάλασσα Od. 14.302; σέλας δʼ εἰς οὐ. ἵκῃ Il. 8.509; κλέος οὐρανὸν ἵκει, κλέος οὐ. εὐρὺν ἱκάνει, renown reaches to heaven, ib. 192, Od. 19.108; so ὀρυμαγδός, κνίση, σκόπελος οὐρανὸν ἷκεν or ἱκάνει, Il. 17.425, 1.317, Od. 12.73 (cf. οὐράνιος II, οὐρανομήκης): metaph., ὕβρις τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐ. ἵκει deeds of violence ‘cry to heaven’, 15.329, 17.565; γῇ τε κοὐρανῷ λέξαι . . τύχας E. Med. 57, cf. Philem. 79.1; πρὸς οὐρανὸν βιβάζει

4 the heavens, universe, heavens

in Philos., the heavens, universe, Pl. Plt. 269d, Ti. 32b, Arist. Cael. 278b21, Metaph. 990a20, al.: pl. in VT, οἱ οὐρανοί the heavens, LXX Ps. 96(97).6, 148.4, al.

5 a region of heaven, climate

a region of heaven, climate, Hdt. 1.142.

6

Pythag. name of 10, Theol.Ar. 59.

II anything shaped like the vault of heaven

anything shaped like the vault of heaven, as,

1 vaulted roof, ceiling

vaulted roof or ceiling, Hsch.

2 roof of the mouth, palate

roof of the mouth, palate, Arist. HA 492a20, PA 660a14, Ath. 8.344b, AP 5.104 (Marc. Arg.).

3 lid

lid, Matro Conv. 12.

4 tent, pavilion

tent, pavilion, Them. Or. 13.166b.

III Uranos

pr. n., Uranos, son of Erebos and Gaia, Hes. Th. 127 sq.; but husband of Gaia, parent of Cronos and the Titans (cf. Οὐρανίδης), ib. 106, h.Hom. 30.17, cf. A. Pr. 207. (Acc. to Arist. Mu. 400a7, from ὅρος and ἄνω, cf. Pl. Cra. 396c. This must be wrong, but the true etym. is doubtful.)

In the wild

6 of 1,431 attestations shown. Ask for more.

Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. οὐρανός (scan p. 1179; entry #4730). Root candidates: *uorsd-, *uers-.
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. οὐρανός (scan pp. 855-856; entry #6148).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. οὐρανός (scan pp. 1418-1419; entry #4413). Root candidates: *feoo-.

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