1. παιάν · paian — Beekes
The corpus record
Παιάν
paian
choral song, hymn
Generated live from the audited corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.
Where it lives
- Agamemnon 5 · 6.16/10k
- Ichneutae 1 · 5.82/10k
- Ion 5 · 5.47/10k
- Trachiniae 3 · 4.13/10k
- Seven Against Thebes 2 · 3.97/10k
- Heracles 3 · 3.83/10k
- Libation Bearers 2 · 3.72/10k
- Oedipus Tyrannus 3 · 3.24/10k
- Trojan Women 2 · 2.83/10k
- Iphigenia in Tauris 2 · 2.41/10k
- Philoctetes 2 · 2.27/10k
- Critias 1 · 2.02/10k
Densest 12 of 30 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.
What it meant
2. παιάν · paian — Chantraine
3. παιάν · paian — Frisk
4. Παιάν · Paian — LSJ
title of Apollo (later as epith., Ἀπόλλωνι Παιᾶνι BCH 11.94 (Hierocaesarea); ὦ βασιλεῦ Π. . . Ἄπολλον BMus.Inscr. 1151); ἰὴ Παιήονʼ ἄειδον h.Ap. 517, cf. Call. Hec. Fr. 260.10 Pf. [updated ref.] (in Id. Ap. 103 ἱὴ ἱὴ Παιήονʼ, ἵει βέλος an etym. from ἵημι may be suggested); ἰὴ Παιών GDI iv p.884 (Erythrae, iv B. C.); ἰήϊε Παιάν A. Ag. 146 (lyr.), S. OT 154 (lyr.); ἰὼ Παιάν Id. Tr. 221 (lyr.), Ar. Ach. 1212; ὦναξ Π. E. Alc. 220, etc.; τὸν Παίωνά (better Παιῶνά) τε καὶ τὰς Μούσας ἐπικαλούμενος Pl.
physician, healer, παιὼν γενοῦ τῆσδε μερίμνης A. Ag. 99 (anap.); παιῶνα κακῶν S. Ph. 168 (anap.).
saviour, deliverer, ὦ θάνατε Παιάν A. Fr. 255.1, cf. E. Hipp. 1373 (anap.).
παιάν, Ep. παιήων, Att., Ion. παιών, paean, i.e. choral song, addressed to Apollo or Artemis (the burden being ἰὴ or ἰὼ Παιάν, v. supr. I.2), in thanksgiving for deliverance from evil, μολπῇ θεὸν ἱλάσκοντο, καλὸν ἀείδοντες παιήονα Il. 1.473; Κρητῶν παιήονες h.Ap. 518; παιᾶνʼ ἐπευφήμησεν A. Fr. 350.4, cf. B. 15.8, Procl. ap. Phot. Bibl. p.320 B.: hence opp. θρῆνοι, A. Ch. 343 (anap.), cf. Sch. Ar. Pl. 636 (but v. infr. 4); addressed to other gods, as to Poseidon after an earthquake, X. HG 4.7.4.
song of triumph after victory, prop. to Apollo, Il. 22.391 sq.; ἁλώσιμος π. A. Th. 635, etc.; also, battle-song, παιᾶνʼ ἐφύμνουν σεμνὸν Ἕλληνες Id. Pers. 393, cf. Lys. 2.38, X. Cyr. 4.1.6; addressed to Ares, Sch. Th. 1.50; ἐξάρχειν τὸν π. or τοῦ παιᾶνος, X. Cyr. 3.3.58, Plu. Rom. 16; π. ποιεῖσθαι X. HG 7.4.36.
any solemn song or chant, esp. on beginning an undertaking, Th. 7.75 (pl.); π. γαμήλιος Ar. Th. 1035 (lyr.); τριτόσπονδος π. A. Ag. 247 (lyr.); ἔγχει κἀπιβόα τρίτον παιῶνα Pherecr. 131.5, cf. Antiph. 4, 85.5.
by oxymoron, π. Ἐρινύων, π. τοῦ θανόντος, A. Ag. 645, Ch. 151; π. στυγνός, of a dirge, E. Tr. 126 (lyr.); παιᾶνα στενάζειν ib. 577; π. τῷ κάτωθεν θεῷ Id. Alc. 424.
in Prosody, paeon, a foot consisting of 3 short and 1 long syll., _⏑⏑⏑, ⏑_⏑⏑, ⏑⏑_⏑, or ⏑⏑⏑_, Arist. Rh. 1409a2 (in form παιάν; later παιών), Heph. 3.3, etc.; also π. διάγυιος, the foot _⏑_, and π. ἐπιβατός, a foot of 5 long sylls., Aristid. Quint. 1.16.— Attic form: Παιών is used of the god in IG 1(2).310.229 (v B. C.), and in codd. of Att. Prose and Com.; παιάν is used of the song in IG 2(2).1338.19 (i B. C.), but this may be Hellenistic; codd. have παιών in Pherecr. 131.5, Ar. Th. 1035, Pl. Io
In the wild
- παιὼν · paiōn Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1248
- Παιᾶνα · Paiana Aeschylus, Agamemnon 140–152
- παιῶνα · paiōna Aeschylus, Agamemnon 239–248
- παιᾶνα · paiana Aeschylus, Agamemnon 644–645
- παιών · paiōn Aeschylus, Agamemnon 97–103
- παιᾶνα · paiana Aeschylus, Libation Bearers 150–151
6 of 74 attestations shown. Ask for more.
Where it came from
- Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. Παιάν (scan p. 1193; entry #4774).
- Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. Παιάν (scan p. 864; entry #6209).
- Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. Παιάν (scan pp. 1432-1433; entry #4459). Root candidates: *nard-.