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The corpus record

σομφ-ός

somphos

spongy, loose, porous

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Where it lives

What it meant

1. σομφός · somphos — Beekes

σομφός [adj.] ‘spongy, loose, porous’, also metaphorically of sounds (Hp., Alex., Arist, etc.). «ἦν eCOMP Also Ev-, ὑπό-, χαυνό-. *DER σομφ-ώδης ‘id.’ (Thphr. et al.), -ότης [f.] ‘porosity’ (Arist.), -dopat [v.] ‘to become spongy’ (Aét.). eETYM Traditionally connected with the Germanic word for ‘fungus’ in OHG swamp, -bes, swam, -mes, OSw. svamper, ON svoppr, Go. swamm [acc.], OE swamm [m.]. However, the development … — [Beekes, s.v. σομφός, p. 1423]

2. σομφός · somphos — Chantraine

σομφός : «spongieux, poreux », aussi par métaphore dit de sons sourds, étouffés (Hp., Alex., Arist., etc.), d'où l'adj. σομφῴδης (Thphr., ete), nom de qualité σομφότης f. «fait d'être spongieux ou poreux» (Arisl.); verbe dénominatif σομφόομαι « devenir spongieux » (Æt.). Composés : ἔν- «spongieux» (Gal.), üré- «un peu spongieux » (Érot., Soran., etc.), «un peu mou » en parlant du pouls (Marcell.), χαυνό- (Erotian.}. — [Chantraine, s.v. σομφός, p. 1050]

3. σομφός · somphos — Frisk

σομφός (ἔν-, ὑπό-, yavvd- =) "schwammig, locker, porös’, auch übertr. von Lauten (Hp., Alex., Arist. usw.), mit σομφ-ὠδης ‘ds.’ (Thphr. u. a.), -ότης f. "Porosität’ (Arist.), τόομαι “schwammig werden’ (Aöt.). — Seit alters (5. Curtius 380) mit dem germ. Wort für “Schwamm, Pilz’ verbunden in ahd. svamp, bes, svam, -mes, aschwed. svamper, awno. suoppr, got. swvamm (Akk.), ags. svamm m. (mit wechselndem Auslaut ; nieht … — [Frisk, s.v. σομφός, p. 1725]

4. σομφ-ός · somph-os — LSJ

spongy, porous

spongy, porous, σ. οἷον σπογγιά Hp. Loc.Hom. 2; of pumice-stone, Alex. 124.10; ἡ γλῶττα σὰρξ μανὴ καὶ σ. Arist. HA 492b33; freq. of the lungs, ib. 496b3, Resp. 478a13, al., cf. Clidem. ap. Thphr. Sens. 38; σομφὴ σάρξ, of fish, Archestr. Fr. 14; of ground, χώρα σ. καὶ ὕπαντρος Arist. Mete. 366a25, cf. 352b10.

II unresonant, thickly, huskily

metaph. of sound, unresonant, σομφὸν φθέγγεσθαι, of persons with polypus in the nose, Hp. Morb. 2.33; σομφὸν ἐμπνεύσας, of a flute-player, blowing thickly, huskily, D.H. Comp. 11, cf. Alex.Aphr. in Top. 329.28; half-way between λευκός and μέλας in sounds, as φαιός is in colours, Arist. Top. 106b7.

III

σομφός, ὁ, = κολοκυνθίς, Plin. HN 20.13.

In the wild

Where it came from

No etymology authority pointer is recorded for this lemma yet — an honest gap, not an omission. The etymological dictionaries (Beekes, Chantraine, Frisk) are matched incrementally.

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