forest, woodland, Il. 11.155, Od. 17.316, Ep.Jac. 3.5, etc.; γῆν . . δασέαν ὕλῃ παντοίῃ Hdt. 4.21; ἀπʼ ὕλης ἀγρίης ζώειν Id. 1.203; ὕλα ἀεργός virgin forest, Berl.Sitzb. 1927.167 (Cyrene); τὰ δένδρα καὶ ὕλη fruit-trees and forest-trees, Th. 4.69 (cf. δένδρον); not only of forest-trees, but also of copse, brushwood, undergrowth (cf. ὕλημα), directly opp. to timber-trees, X. An. 1.5.1, Oec. 16.13, 17.12, PSI 6.577.8 (iii B. C.), Sor. 1.40: also in pl., h.Cer. 386, Hecat. 291 J., Mosch. 3.88, Plb.
wood cut down, Od. 5.257 (cf. III); firewood, fuel, Il. 7.418, 23.50, 111, al., Od. 9.234, Hdt. 4.164, 6.80; brushwood, Id. 7.36, Th. 2.75, etc.; timber, ὕ. ναυπηγησίμη Pl. Lg. 705c; ναυπηγήσιμος καὶ οἰκοδομική Thphr. HP 5.7.1, cf. IG 42(1).102.50 (Epid., iv B. C.); also, twigs for birds’ nests, Arist. HA 559a2.
the stuff of which a thing is made, material, (perh. so of wood), Od. 5.257; rarely of other material, as metal, οἱ παρʼ ἄκμονι . . ὕλην ἄψυχον δημιουργοῦντες Plu. Praec. 2.802b (cf. S. Fr. 844, but ὕλη is Plutarchʼs word): generally, materials, PMasp. 151.91 (vi A. D.).
in Philosophy, matter, first in Arist. (Ti.Locr. 93b, al. is later); defined as τὸ ὑποκείμενον γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς δεκτικόν, GC 320a2; as τὸ ἐξ οὗ γίγνεται, Metaph. 1032a17; οὐσία ἥ τε ὕ. καὶ τὸ εἶδος καὶ τὸ ἐκ τούτων ib. 1035a2; opp. as δυνάμει τόδε τι to τόδε τι ἐνεργεία, ib. 1042a27; opp. ἐντελέχεια, ib. 1038b6: in later philosoph. writers, mostly opp. to the intelligent and formative principle (νοῦς), Procl. Inst. 72, etc.; ὕ. τῶν ἀριθμῶν Iamb. Comm.Math. 4.
matter for a poem or treatise, ὕ. τραγική, ποιητικαὶ ὗλαι, Plb. 2.16.14, Longin. 13.4, cf. 43.1, Vett.Val. 172.1, etc.; ἡ ὑποκειμένη ὕ. the subject-matter, Arist. EN 1094b12, cf. Phld. Rh. 2.124 S.
ὕ. ἰατρική materia medica, Dsc. tit.; so ὕλη alone, materia medica, Id. 1 Prooem., Gal. 17(2).181; ὗλαι τῆς τέχνης ibid., cf. 6.77, Sor. 1.83, 110, 2.15, 28; ἡ ὕ. τῶν ὁπλομαχικῶν ἐνεργειῶν Gal. 6.157.
ἡ μέση ὕλη the middle range of diet, Sor. 1.46, 2.15; τροφιμωτέρα ὕλη Id. 1.95, cf. 36.
pl., material resources, βασιλικαὶ ὗλαι Ph. 1.640.
sediment, Ar. Fr. 879, cf. Sch. Ar. Pl. 1086, 1088 (hence ὑλίζω (ἀφ-, δι-), ὑλώδης II); mud, slime, UPZ 70.9 (ii B. C.); ὕλῃ, ὕλει, and ἰλυῖ are cj. for ὕδει in Thgn. 961.
matter excreted from the human body, Sor. 1.22, 23, 25, al.; ἡ ὕ. τῶν ἐμπυημάτων Gal. 18(2).256; phlegm, catarrh, PMed. in Arch.Pap. 4.270 (iii A. D.).