1. castus — Lewis & Short
castus, a, um, adj.i. e. cas-tus, partic., kindr. to Sanscr. çludh, to cleanse; Gr. kaq-aro/s; Germ. keusch, heiter; cf. the opp. in-ces-tus, impure, Bopp, Gloss. 351, 6; Pott. 1, 252.
I In gen., morally pure, unpolluted, spotless, guiltless, = purus, integer (gen. in respect to the person himself, while candidus signifies pure, just, in respect to other men; v. Doed. Syn. p. 196 sq.;
class. in prose and poetry): castus animus purusque,Cic. Div. 1, 53, 121; cf.:
vita purissima et castissima,id. Rosc. Com. 6, 17; and:
quis hoc adulescente castior? quis modestior? quis autem illo qui maledicit impurior?id. Phil. 3, 6, 15:
perjurum castus (fraudasse dicatur),id. Rosc. Com. 7, 21:
castissimum quoque hominem ad peccandum potuisse impellere,id. Inv. 2, 11, 36:
nulli fas casto sceleratum insistere limen,Verg. A. 6, 563:
populus Et frugi castusque verecundusque,Hor. A. P. 207:
qui (animi) se integros castosque servavissent,Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 72; cf. id. Font. 10, 22; id. Cael. 18, 42:
M. Crassi castissima domus,id. ib. 4, 9:
signa,signs, indications of innocence, Ov. M. 7, 725:
fides,inviolable, Sil. 13, 285:
Saguntum,id. 3, 1.—With ab:
decet nos esse a culpā castos,Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 23; so,
res familiaris casta a cruore civili,Cic. Phil. 13, 4, 8.—
II In respect to particular virtues.
A Most freq., esp. in poetry, in regard to sexual morality, pure, chaste, unpolluted, virtuous, continent:
Latona,Enn. Trag. 424 Vahl.; cf.
Minerva,Hor. C. 3, 3, 23; Cat. 16, 5; 62, 23; Tib. 1, 3, 83; Ov. M. 2, 544; 2, 711:
hostia = Iphigenia,Lucr. 1, 98:
Bellerophon,Hor. C. 3, 7, 15:
matres,Verg. A. 8, 665:
maritae,Ov. F. 2, 139.— With ab:
castus ab rebus venereis,Col. 9, 14, 3.—Of inanimate things:
lectulus,Cat. 64, 87:
cubile,id. 66, 83:
flos virginis,id. 62, 46:
gremium,id. 65, 20:
vultus,Ov. M. 4, 799:
domus,Cat. 64, 385; Hor. C. 4, 5, 21 al.—
b Trop., of style, free from barbarisms, pure:
Caius Caesar sermonis praeter alios suae aetatis castissimi,Gell. 19, 8, 3.—
B In a religious respect, pious, religious, holy, sacred, = pius:
hac casti maneant in religione nepotes,Verg. A. 3, 409 Wagn.—
So, Aeneas (for which elsewhere pius in Verg.),Hor. C. S. 42:
sacerdotes,Verg. A. 6, 661:
et sanctus princeps,Plin. Pan. 1, 3:
ego qui castam contionem, sanctum campum defendo (in respect to the preceding: in Campo Martio, comitiis centuriatis auspicato in loco),Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11.—Of things: sacrae, religiosae castaeque res, Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 8:
haud satis castum donum deo,Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45; cf.
festa,Ov. Am. 3, 13, 3:
taedae,Verg. A. 7, 71 Serv.:
ara castis Vincta verbenis,Hor. C. 4, 11, 6:
crines,Ov. M. 15, 675:
laurus,Tib. 3, 4, 23:
castior amnis (sc. Musarum),Stat. S. 4, 7, 12; cf.:
castum flumen (on account of the nymphs),Claud. III. Cons. Stil. 260:
luci,Hor. C. 1, 12, 59:
nemus,Tac. G. 40:
pura castaque mens,Plin. Pan. 3 fin.: casta mola genus sacrificii, quod Vestales virgines faciebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 65 Müll.—As epith. ornans of poetry, since it is used in defence of the Deity: casta poesis, Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 14 (it is erroneously explained by Non. by suavis, jucundus).—
2 Hence, subst.: castum, i, n., a festival, or period of time consecrated to a god, during which strict continence was enjoined, Fest. p. 124, 25 Müll.:
Isidis et Cybeles,Tert. Jejun. 16.—
C In respect to the property and rights of others, free from, abstinent, disinterested: manus, Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 12:
homo castus ac non cupidus,Cic. Sest. 43, 93:
castissimus homo atque integerrimus,id. Fl. 28, 68.—Adv.: castē.
A (Acc. to I.) Purely, spotlessly, without stain, uprightly:
agere aetatem suam,Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 149:
et integre vivere,Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 63; id. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2.—
B (Acc. to II. A.) Chastely, virtuously: caste se habere a servis, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 15, 12, 3:
tueri eloquentiam ut adultam virginem,Cic. Brut. 95, 330.—Of language, properly, correctly, classically:
caste pureque linguā Latinā uti,Gell. 17, 2, 7.—
2 (Acc. to II. B.) Piously, religiously:
placare deos,Ov. P. 2, 1, 33; cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 3; Suet. Aug. 6.—Comp., Liv. 10, 7, 5.—Sup., Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1.