The corpus record — Latin

foedus

foul, unclean; fearful, repugnant

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Ab Urbe Condita, books 8-10 - 14s 1 · 84.03/10k
Pro L. Cornelio Balbo 51 · 75.03/10k
Ab Urbe Condita, books 8-10 - 13s 1 · 58.82/10k
Ab Urbe Condita, books 8-10 - 11s 1 · 50.51/10k
Epicedion in Patrem 1 · 26.39/10k
Ausonii de XII Caesaribus per Suetonium Tranquillum scriptis 2 · 23.53/10k
Ab urbe condita, books 6-10 - 9 35 · 21.84/10k
Ab urbe condita, books 21-25 - 21 23 · 14.79/10k
Ab urbe condita, books 6-10 - 8 19 · 14.69/10k
Pro M. Scauro 4 · 13.46/10k
Ab Urbe Condita, books 1-2 - 1 23 · 13.19/10k
Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 41-42 - 42 21 · 12.5/10k

Densest 12 of 179 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. foedus — de Vaan

foedus 'foul, unclean; fearful, repugnant' [adj\ o/a] (PL+) Derivatives: foedare 'to wound, dishonour, make unclean' (P1.+). Pit *fo(j)ipo- 'afraid5. PIE (*bhe-)bhoiH-/bhiH- [pf] or *bhoH-i- [pr.] «to be afraid'. IE cognates: Skt. — [de Vaan, s.v. foedus, p. 243]

2. foedus — Lewis & Short

foedus, a, um, adj.Sanscr. dhūmas, smoke; cf.: fumus, fīmus, feteo,

I foul, filthy, loathsome, ugly, unseemly, detestable, abominable, horrible (class.; cf.: deformis, turpis).

I Physically: cimices foedissimum animal, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61: herba odoris foedi, id. 20, 16, 63, § 171: odor, Cels. 2, 8; 5, 28, 3: facies, id. 6, 6, 9: sapor, Lucr. 2, 401: species, id. 2, 421: nunc eo tibi videtur foedus, quia illam (vestem) non habet, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 17; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 32: immanissimum et foedissimum monstrum, Cic. Pis. 14, 31: foeda fit volucris (sc. bubo), Ov. M. 5, 549: caput impexa foedum porrigine, Hor. S. 2, 3, 126: foeda nigro simulacra fumo, id. C. 3, 6, 4: foeda cicatrix, id. S. 1, 5, 60: vulnus, Ov. M. 12, 366: tergum recentibus vestigiis vulnerum, Liv. 2, 23, 7; cf. id. 9, 31, 2: victus, Hor. A. P. 392: loca tetra, inculta, foeda, formidolosa, Sall. C. 52, 13: tempestates, Liv. 25, 7, 7; Verg. G. 1, 323: foedissima tempestas, Liv. 29, 18, 5: incendium, id. 24, 47, 15.—With dat.: pestilentia foeda homini, foeda pecori, destructive, Liv. 3, 32, 2.—In the neutr. absol.: foedum relatu, Ov. M. 9, 167; cf. foediora, Liv. 3, 69, 2.—

II Mentally, disgraceful, base, dishonorable, vile, shameful, infamous, foul, etc.: quo (tyranno) neque tetrius, neque foedius, nec diis hominibusque invisius animal ullum cogitari potest, Cic. Rep. 2, 26: nihil fieri potest miserius, nihil perditius, nihil foedius, id. Att. 8, 11, 4: luxuria senectuti foedissima, id. Off. 1, 34, 123: homo, Sall. C. 19, 2: scriptores carmine foedo Splendida facta linunt, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 236; cf.: foedissima ludibria, Quint. 1, 6, 32: bellum foedissimum, Cic. Att. 7, 26, 3: genus interitus, id. ib. 15, 20, 2: foedus et perniciosus exitus judicii, id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1: consilium, Liv. 26, 38, 4: facinus, Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 1: amor, Lucr. 4, 1158: ministeria, Verg. A. 7, 619: condiciones, Hor. C. 3, 5, 15: fuga ducum, Val. Fl. 6, 723: exprobratio, Plin. 18, 26, 66, § 249: inconsequentia rerum foedissima, Quint. 8, 6, 50.—In the neutr. with a subject-clause: ludos vero non facere, quid foedius? (shortly before: quid turpius?) Cic. Att. 15, 10: versum in oratione fieri multo foedissimum est, Quint. 9, 4, 72.— Hence, adv.: foede, foully, cruelly, basely, horribly: foede divexarier, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106 (Trag. Rel. p. 84 Rib.): aram turparunt sanguine foede, Lucr. 1, 85: foede aliquem distrahere, Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 14: laniare crura brachiaque, Tac. H. 1, 41: caesa manus juvenum, Verg. A. 10, 498: ob admissum foede dictumve superbe, Lucr. 5, 1224: servire, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 48: perire Sall. J. 31, 2: pugnatum est, Liv. 6, 1, 11: foedius inde pulsus quam, etc., id. 2, 51, 8: causa agetur foedissime, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4.

3. foedus — Lewis & Short

foedus, ĕris (for foedus, Ennius wrote fidus, acc. to

Varr. L. L. 5, § 86 Müll. Archaic form of the

I gen. plur. foedesum, acc. to Varr. L. L. 7, § 27; v. the letter R), n. from the root FID; Sanscr. bandh, ligare; v. fido, a league, treaty, compact (cf.: sponsio, pactio).

I Polit.: FOEDERVM, PACIS, BELLI, INDVCIARVM ORATORES FETIALES IVDICESVE SVNTO, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 21; cf. id. Rep. 1, 32: esse autem tria genera foederum, quibus inter se paciscerentur amicitias civitates regesque, Liv. 34, 57, 7: pacem foedusque facere, Cic. de Sen. 6, 16; cf.: oratrices pacis et foederis, id. Rep. 2, 8: Ambiorigem sibi societate et foedere adjungunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 2, 2: ne societates, ne foedera nova acciperemus, Sall. J. 14, 18: societatem foedere confirmare, Cic. Phil. 2, 35, 89: quibus (foederibus) etiam cum hoste devincitur fides, id. Off. 3, 31, 111: amicitiam et foedus petere, Sall J. 104, 4: foedus facere cum aliquibus, Cic. Inv. 2, 30, 91; so, foedus facere, id. Rep. 3, 18; Caes. B. C. 3, 108, 3; Sall. J. 38, 9 al.: ferire, icere, pangere, percutere, v. h. vv.: de foedere decedere, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 1, 10: foedera negligere, violare, rumpere, Cic. Balb. 5, 13; cf.: sociorum nominisque Latini jura negligere ac foedera, id. Rep. 3, 29: rumpere, Auct. Her. 4, 14, 20; Liv. 9, 1; 21, 10: violare, Cic. Rep. 1, 19; Liv. 28, 44, 7: rescindere, Vell. 2, 90, 3: solvere, Verg. A. 10, 91: turbare, id. ib. 12, 633: contra foedus facere, Cic. Balb. 4, 10; Gell. 10, 1, 10: foedus aequum dare, Liv. 23, 5, 9 (for which: ex aequo venire in amicitiam, id. 7, 30, 2); cf.: foedere iniquo alligari, id. 35, 46, 10: ex foedere, according to agreement, id. 1, 23, 7; 8, 39, 13. —

II Transf., beyond the polit. sphere, in gen., a compact, covenant, agreement, stipulation, bargain: foedus fecerunt cum tribuno plebis palam, ut ab eo provincias acciperent, quas ipsi vellent, etc., Cic. Sest. 10, 24; cf.: foedus frangere, id. Pis. 12, 28: inter se facere, id. Fin. 2, 26, 83: amorum turpissimorum foedera ferire, id. Cael. 14, 34: amicitiae, Ov. Tr. 3, 6, 1: hospitii, Just. 7, 3: thalami, i. e. marriage contract, marriage, Ov. M. 7, 403; so, vitae, Stat. Th. 2, 112: communia studii, Ov. P. 4, 13, 43.—

B Poet., of inanim. and abstr. things, a law: continuo has leges aeternaque foedera certis Inposuit natura locis, Verg. G. 1, 60: omnes Foedere naturae certo discrimina servant, Lucr. 5, 924; 5, 57; 6, 906: foedere certo et premere et laxas dare habenas, Verg. A. 1, 62: neve potentis naturae pollue foedus, Ov. M. 10, 353: caeli foedera, Col. Poët. 10, 219.

In the wild

foeda Livy, Ab urbe condita 2.29.17.5
foedus Florus, Epitome Rerum Romanorum 1.34.18.4
foeda Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica 6.410
foedere Livy, Ab urbe condita 1.9.5.4
foedum Livy, Ab Urbe Condita, books 1-2 - 1 p69
foede Lucretius, De Rerum Natura 1.62

6 of 1,484 attestations shown.

Where it came from

de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. foedus (scan p. 243; entry #594). Root candidates: *bhe-.
Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. foedus (scan p. 267; entry #4194). Root candidates: *bhoido-, *bheidh-.

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.