1. fundo — Lewis & Short
fundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a.root FUD; Gr. *x*u, xev-, in xe/w, xeu/sw; Lat. futis, futtilis, ec-futio, re-futo, etc.,
Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. p. 204 sq.,
I to pour, pour out, shed.
I Lit., of fluids.
1 In gen.:
(natura terram) sucum venis cogebat fundere apertis Consimilem lactis, etc.,Lucr. 5, 812:
sanguinem e patera,Cic. Div. 1, 23, 46:
novum liquorem (i. e. vinum) de patera,Hor. C. 1, 31, 3:
vina paterā in aras,Ov. M. 9, 160; cf.:
vinum inter cornua,id. ib. 7, 594:
vinum super aequora,id. ib. 11, 247:
duo rite mero libans carchesia Baccho Fundit humi,Verg. A. 5, 78:
laticem urnis,Ov. M. 3, 172:
lacrimas,Verg. A. 3, 348: cf. Ov. M. 5, 540:
fundit Anigros aquas,pours out, id. ib. 15, 282:
parumne fusum est Latini sanguinis?shed, spilt, Hor. Epod. 7, 4:
sanguine ob rem publicam fuso,Sall. H. Fr. 2, 96, 2 Dietsch:
sanguinem de regno (i. e. propter regnum),Curt. 10, 5.—Mid.:
memorandum, in septem lacus eum (Strymonem) fundi,discharges itself, Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 38:
ingentibus procellis fusus imber,pouring, Liv. 6, 8, 7; 6, 32, 6; cf.:
sanguis in corporibus fusus,Cic. de Or. 2, 77, 310.—
2 In partic.
a Of metals, to make by melting, to melt, cast, found:
exolevit fundendi aeris pretiosi ratio,Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 5; cf. id. 34, 7, 18, § 46:
caldarium (aes) funditur tantum, malleis fragile,id. 34, 8, 20, § 94:
aere fuso,id. 34, 11, 24, § 107:
vitrum,id. 34, 14, 42, § 148:
glandes, Auct. B. Afr. 20, 3: Theodorus ipse se ex aere fudit,Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 83:
ne statuam quidem inchoari, cum ejus membra fundentur,Quint. 2, 1, 12:
fusis omnibus membris (statuae),id. 7 praef. § 2:
olim quaerere amabam, Quid sculptum infabre, quid fusum durius esset,Hor. S. 2, 3, 22.—*
b In medic. lang.: aliquem, to cause one to have fluid stools, to relax the bowels (opp. comprimere): si compresserit aliquem morbus aut fuderit, Cels. praef. med.; cf. under P. a.—
B Transf.
1 To wet, moisten, bathe with a liquid (poet. and very rare):
(ossa) niveo fundere lacte,Tib. 3, 2, 20:
multo tempora funde mero,id. 1, 7, 50.—
2 Of things non-fluid.
a In gen., to pour forth in abundance, to scatter, cast, hurl; to spread, extend, diffuse:
desectam cum stramento segetem corbibus fudere in Tiberim,Liv. 2, 5, 3:
picem reliquasque res, quibus ignis excitari potest, fundebant,Caes. B. G. 7, 24, 4:
tela,Val. Fl. 3, 243:
sagittam,Sil. 7, 647:
(solis) radios per opaca domorum,Lucr. 2, 115:
quas (maculas) incuria fudit,has scattered, Hor. A. P. 352:
fundunt se carcere laeti Thraces equi,pour themselves forth, rush out, Val. Fl. 1, 611:
se cuncta manus ratibus,id. 2, 662:
littera fundens se in charta,Plin. 13, 12, 25, § 81:
luna se fundebat per fenestras,Verg. A. 3, 152.—Mid.:
ne (vitis) in omnes partes nimia fundatur,spread out, Cic. de Sen. 15, 52:
homines fusi per agros ac dispersi,Cic. Sest. 42, 91.—
b In partic.
(a) With the accessory notion of production, to bring forth, bear or produce (in abundance):
crescunt arbusta et fetus in tempore fundunt,Lucr. 1, 351; cf.:
terra feta frugibus et vario leguminum genere, quae cum maxima largitate fundit,Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156:
flores aut fruges aut bacas,id. Tusc. 5, 13, 37:
frugem,id. de Sen. 15, 51:
plus materiae (vites),Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 192:
cum centesimo Leontini campi fundunt,id. 18, 10, 21, § 95:
facile illa (piscium ova) aqua et sustinentur et fetum fundunt,Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 129:
(terra) animal prope certo tempore fudit Omne,Lucr. 5, 823; cf. ib. 917:
fudit equum magno tellus percussa tridenti,Verg. G. 1, 13:
Africa asinorum silvestrium multitudinem fundit,Plin. 8, 30, 46, § 108: quae te beluam ex utero, non hominem fudit, Cic. Pis. init.; Verg. A. 8, 139, v. Forbig. ad h. l.—
(b) With the secondary notion of depth or downward direction, to throw or cast to the ground, to prostrate:
(victi hostes) et de jugis, quae ceperant, funduntur,Liv. 9, 43, 20:
nec prius absistit, quam septem ingentia victor Corpora (cervorum) fundat humi,Verg. A. 1, 193; cf. Ov. M. 13, 85; Sil. 4, 533:
aliquem arcu,Val. Fl. 1, 446.—In middle force:
fundi in alga,to lie down, Val. Fl. 1, 252.—Esp. freq. milit. t. t., overthrow, overcome, rout, vanquish an enemy:
hostes nefarios prostravit, fudit, occidit,Cic. Phil. 14, 10, 27; cf.:
exercitus caesus fususque,id. ib. 14, 1, 1:
aliquos caedere, fundere atque fugare,Sall. J. 58, 3:
Gaetulos,id. ib. 88, 3:
classes fusae fugataeque,id. ib. 79, 4; cf.:
si vi fudisset cecidissetque hostes,Liv. 35, 1, 8:
hostes de jugis,id. 9, 43, 20:
Gallos de delubris vestris,id. 6, 16, 2:
eas omnes copias a se uno proelio fusas ac superatas esse,Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 8; cf.:
Massilienses crebris eruptionibus fusi,id. B. C. 2, 22, 1:
Latini ad Veserim fusi et fugati,Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112; Liv. 2, 6 fin.:
quatuor exercitus Carthaginiensium fudi, fugavi, Hispania expuli,id. 28, 28, 9; cf. Drak. on 38, 53, 2;
less freq. in a reversed order: alios arma sumentes fugant funduntque,Sall. J. 21, 2; Vell. 2, 46 fin.: omnibus hostium copiis fusis armisque exutis, Caes. B. G. 3, 6, 3:
magnas copias hostium fudit,Cic. Mur. 9, 20:
Sabinos equitatu fudit,id. Rep. 2, 20:
Armeniorum copias,id. Arch. 9, 21:
maximas copias parva manu,Sall. C. 7, 7.
II Trop.
A Ingen., to pour out or forth, to spread out, extend, display:
imago de corpore fusa,Lucr. 4, 53:
animam moribundo corpore fudit,id. 3, 1033; cf. id. 3, 700:
concidit ac multo vitam cum sanguine fudit,Verg. A. 2, 532:
circuli (appellantur), quod mixta farina et caseo et aqua circuitum aequabiliter fundebant,poured out, spread out, Varr. L. L. 5, § 106:
quem secutus Cicero hanc famam latius fudit,Quint. 11, 2, 14; cf. id. 10, 5, 11:
cum vero causa ea inciderit, in qua vis eloquentiae possit expromi: tum se latius fundet orator,will display himself, Cic. Or. 36, 125:
superstitio, fusa per gentes,id. Div. 2, 72 init.; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 84:
neque se tanta in eo (Cicerone) fudisset ubertas,id. 12, 2, 23:
fundet opes, Latiumque beabit divite lingua,riches of expression, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 121. —Mid.:
quamquam negant, nec virtutes nec vitia crescere: tamen utrumque eorum fundi quodammodo et quasi dilatari putant,to be diffused, Cic. Fin. 3, 15, 48; cf.:
modo virtus latius funditur,Sen. Ep. 74, 27; and:
semper ex eo, quod maximas partes continet latissimeque funditur, tota res appellatur,id. 5, 30, 92:
saepe in amplificanda re funditur numerose et volubiliter oratio,id. Or. 62, 210.—
B In partic., of speech, to pour forth, utter:
per quam (arteriam) vox principium a mente ducens percipitur et funditur,Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149; cf.:
e quibus elici vocem et fundi videmus,id. Tusc. 2, 24, 56:
inanes sonos,id. ib. 5, 26, 73 (for which:
inani voce sonare,id. Fin. 2, 15, 48):
sonum,id. Ac. 2, 23, 74:
verba poëtarum more (opp. ratione et arte distinguere),id. Fin. 4, 4, 10:
versus hexametros aliosque variis modis atque numeris ex tempore,id. de Or. 3, 50, 194; cf.:
grave plenumque carmen,id. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:
tam bonos septenarios ad tibiam,id. ib. 1, 44, 107:
physicorum oracula,id. N. D. 1, 26, 66:
has ore loquelas,Verg. A. 5, 842:
preces pectore ab imo,id. ib. 6, 55; so,
preces,id. ib. 5, 234; Hor. Epod. 17, 53:
mera mendacia,Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 33:
jam tu verba fundis hic, sapientia?you waste, Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 7:
opprobria rustica,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 146:
iras inanes,Val. Fl. 3, 697:
vehemens et liquidus puroque simillimus amni Fundet opes,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 121:
preces,App. M. 11, p. 258, 4; Tac. A. 14, 30; Aug. in Psa. 25, 10 al.—Hence, fūsus, a, um, P. a., spread out, extended, broad, large, copious, diffuse.
A Lit.:
(aër) tum fusus et extenuatus sublime fertur, tum autem concretus in nubes cogitur,Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 101: fusior alvus, i. e. more relaxed (opp. astrictior), Cels. 1, 3 med.:
toga (opp. restricta),wide, full, Suet. Aug. 73:
Gallorum fusa et candida corpora,full, plump, Liv. 38, 21, 9:
campi in omnem partem,extended, Verg. A. 6, 440; cf.:
non fusior ulli Terra fuit domino,a broader, larger kingdom, Luc. 4, 670.—
B Trop., copious, diffuse; flowing, free:
genus sermonis non liquidum, non fusum ac profluens,Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159; cf.:
constricta an latius fusa narratio,Quint. 2, 13, 5:
materia abundantior atque ultra quam oporteat fusa,id. 2, 4, 7:
ut illud, quod ad omnem honestatem pertinet, decorum, quam late fusum sit, appareat,Cic. Off. 1, 28, 98; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 5:
(vox) in egressionibus fusa et securae claritatis (opp. contracta),unrestrained, free, id. 11, 3, 64:
periodus,id. 9, 4, 128:
fusiores liberioresque numeri,id. 130:
lingua Graeca prolixior fusiorque quam nostra,Gell. 2, 26, 7:
in locis ac descriptionibus fusi ac fluentes,Quint. 9, 4, 138:
plenior Aeschines et magis fusus,id. 10, 1, 77:
dulcis et candidus et fusus Herodotus (opp. densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides),id. 10, 1, 73.—Sup. seems not to occur.—Adv.: fūse. *
1 (Acc. to A.) Spread out, extended:
(manus) fusius paulo in diversum resolvitur,Quint. 11, 3, 97.—
2 (Acc. to B.) Copiously, at length, diffusely:
quae fuse olim disputabantur ac libere, ea nunc articulatim distincteque dicuntur,Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 36:
multa dicere fuse lateque,id. Tusc. 4, 26, 57:
fuse lateque dicendi facultas,id. Or. 32, 113:
fuse et copiose augere et ornate aliquid (opp. brevia et acuta),id. Fin. 3, 7, 26.—Comp.:
haec cum uberius disputantur et fusius (opp. brevius angustiusque concluduntur),Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20:
fusius et ornatius rem exponere,Quint. 4, 2, 128.—Sup. seems not to occur.