1. pār — Lewis & Short
pār, păris (collat. form of the
I nom. fem. paris, Atta ap. Prisc. p. 764 P.—Abl. pari and pare, acc. to Charis. p. 14 P.; Prisc. p. 763 ib.; the latterpoet.—Gen. plur. usu. parĭum; parum, acc. to Plin. ap. Charis. p. 110 P.), adj. cf. Sanscr. para, another, and prae, equal (cf.: aequus, similis).
I Lit.:
par est, quod in omnes aequabile est,Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 67:
par et aequalis ratio,id. Or. 36, 123:
aequo et pari jure cum civibus vivere,id. Off. 1, 34, 124:
vita beata ... par et similis deorum,id. N. D. 2, 61, 153:
est finitimus oratori poëta ac paene par,id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:
pari atque eādem in laude aliquem ponere,id. Mur. 9, 21:
intelleges de hoc judicium meum et horum par et unum fuisse,id. Sull. 2, 5:
pares in amore atque aequales,id. Lael. 9, 32:
libertate esse parem ceteris,id. Phil. 1, 14, 34: verbum Latinum (voluptas) par Graeco (h(donh/) et idem valens, id. Fin. 2, 4, 12:
pares ejusdem generis munitiones,of equal size, Caes. B. G. 7, 74:
similia omnia magis visa hominibus, quam paria,Liv. 45, 43:
pares similesque (affectus),Sen. Ira, 1, 19 et saep.:
quod in re pari valet, valeat in hac, quae par est ... valeat aequitas, quae paribus in causis paria jura desiderat,Cic. Top. 4, 23:
si ingenia omnia paria esse non possunt: jura certe paria debent esse eorum inter se, qui sunt cives in eādem re publicā,id. Rep. 1, 32, 49:
necesse est eam esse naturam, ut omnia omnibus paribus paria respondeant,id. N. D. 1, 19, 50; id. Fam. 5, 2, 3:
equites Ariovisti pari intervallo constiterunt,Caes. B. G. 1, 43:
hi (equites), dum pari certamine res geri potuit, etc.,i. e. horsemen against horsemen, id. B. C. 1, 51.— Poet., with a respective gen. or inf.:
aetatis mentisque pares,Sil. 4, 370:
et cantare pares et respondere parati,Verg. E. 7, 5.—
(b) The thing with which the comparison is made is most freq. added in the dat.:
quem ego parem summis Peripateticis judico,Cic. Div. 1, 3, 5:
in his omnibus par iis, quos antea commemoravi,id. Clu. 38, 107:
omni illi et virtute et laude par,id. Planc. 11, 27:
isti par in belligerando,id. Font. 12, 26:
par anseribus,as large as, Juv. 5, 114:
prodigio par,i. e. extremely rare, id. 4, 97.—In sup.:
QVOIVS FORMA VIRTVTEI PARISVMA FVIT, Epit. of the Scipios,Inscr. Orell. 550:
parissumi estis hibus,Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 20.—Adverb. (colloq. and very rare):
feceris par tuis ceteris factis,Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 3.—
(g) With gen. (with this case par is treated as a substantive; rare but class.), an equal, counterpart, etc.:
ei erat hospes, par illius, Siculus, etc.,his counterpart, Plaut. Rud. prol. 49: cujus paucos pares haec civitas tulit, Cic. Pis. 4, 8:
quem metuis par hujus erat,Luc. 10, 382:
ubique eum parem sui invenies,Front. Ep. ad Amic. 1, 6:
vestrae fortitudinis,Phaedr. 4, 15, 6.—
(d) With abl. (rare):
scalas pares moenium altitudine, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 253 Lindem.: in quā par facies nobilitate suā,Ov. F. 6, 804.—(e) With cum (class.):
non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae condicionem subire,Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:
ut enim cetera paria Tuberoni cum Varo fuissent, etc.,id. Lig. 9, 27:
quem tu parem cum liberis tuis regnique participem fecisti,Sall. J. 14, 9 (cited ap. Arus. Mess. p. 253 Lindem.; but in Cic. Phil. 1, 14, 34, read parem ceteris). —(z) With inter se (class.):
sunt omnes pares inter se,Cic. Par. 1, 2, 11; id. de Or. 1, 55, 236.—(h) With et, atque (ac) (class.):
cum par habetur honos summis et infimis,Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 53:
omnia fuisse in Themistocle paria et Coriolano,id. Brut. 11, 43:
tametsi haudquaquam par gloria sequatur scriptorem et auctorem rerum,Sall. C. 3, 2:
quos postea in parem juris libertatisque condicionem atque ipsi erant, receperunt,Caes. B. G. 1, 28; so with atque, id. ib. 5, 13, 2:
si parem sapientiam hic habet ac formam,Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36:
neque mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:
in quo offensae minimum, gratia par, ac si prope adessemus,Sall. J. 102, 7.—(q) The object of comparison is sometimes not expressed:
cui repugno, quoad possum, sed adhuc pares non sumus,i.e. not equal to the task, able, Cic. Att. 12, 15:
pari proelio,indecisive, Nep. Them. 3, 3:
pares validaeque miscentur,Tac. G. 20:
cum paria esse coeperunt,Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 6:
si periculum par et ardor certaminis eos irritaret,Liv. 24, 39, 6.—
B In partic.
1 Equal to, a match for any one in any respect:
quibus ne di quidem immortales pares esse possint,Caes. B. G. 4, 7 fin.: qui pares esse nostro exercitu (dat.) non potuerint, id. ib. 1, 40, 7; cf.:
ille, quod neque se parem armis existimabat, et, etc.,Sall. J. 20, 5:
non sumus pares,not on an equality, Juv. 3, 104:
exime hunc mihi scrupulum, cui par esse non possum,Plin. Ep. 3, 17, 2:
habebo, Q. Fabi, parem, quem das, Hannibalem,an opponent, adversary, Liv. 28, 44:
inter pares aemulatio,Tac. A. 2, 47:
ope Palladis Tydiden Superis parem,Hor. C. 1, 6, 15.—
2 Equal in station or age, of the same rank, of the same age (syn. aequalis):
ut coëat par Jungaturque pari,Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 25:
si qua voles apte nubere, nube pari,Ov. H. 9, 32; Petr. 25, 5.—Prov.:
pares vetere proverbio cum paribus facillime congregantur,i. e. birds of a feather flock together, Cic. Sen. 3, 7.—
3 Par est, it is fit, meet, suitable, proper, right.
(a) With a subject-clause (class.;
syn.: oportet, aequum, justum est): amorin me an rei opsequi potius par sit,Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 6:
posterius istaec te magis par agere'st,id. Pers. 5, 2, 21:
canem esse hanc par fuit,id. Curc. 1, 2, 17:
par est primum ipsum esse virum bonum, tum, etc.,Cic. Lael. 22, 82:
sic par est agere cum civibus,id. Off. 2, 23, 83:
dubitans, quid me facere par sit,id. Att. 9, 9, 2:
quicquid erit, quod me scire par sit,id. ib. 15, 17, 2:
quibus (ornamentis) fretum ad consulatūs petitionem aggredi par est,id. Mur. 7, 15; id. Rab. Perd. 11, 31; cf.:
ex quo intellegi par est, eos qui, etc.,id. Leg. 2, 5, 11. —
(b) Ut par est (erat, etc.;
class.): ita, ut constantibus hominibus par erat,Cic. Div. 2, 55, 114:
ut par fuit,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 4, § 10. —*
(g) With ut:
non par videtur neque sit consentaneum ... ut, etc.,Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 31.—
4 Par pari respondere, or par pro pari referre, to return like for like, of a'repartee:
par pari respondet,Plaut. Truc. 5, 47; id. Merc. 3, 4, 44; id. Pers. 2, 2, 11; cf.:
paria paribus respondimus,Cic. Att. 6, 1, 23:
ut sit unde par pari respondeatur,id. ib. 16, 7, 6:
par pro pari referto, quod eam mordeat,Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55 Fleck., Umpfenb., cited ap. Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 19 (Bentl. ex conject. par, pari; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 281, ed. 5).—
5 Paria facere, to equalize or balance a thing with any thing, to settle, pay (post-Aug.):
cum rationibus domini paria facere,to pay. Col. 1, 8, 13; 11, 1, 24. —
(b) Trop.:
cum aliter beneficium detur, aliter reddatur, paria facere difficile est,to return like for like, to repay with the same coin, Sen. Ben. 3, 9, 2: denique debet poenas: non est quod cum illo paria faciamus, repay him, id. Ira, 3, 25, 1:
nihil differamus, cotidie cum vitā paria faciamus,settle our accounts with life, id. Ep. 101, 7; Plin. 2, 86, 88, § 202; so,
parem rationem facere,Sen. Ep. 19, 10.—
6 Ludere par impar, to play at even and odd, Hor. S. 2, 3, 248: August. ap. Suet. Aug. 71 fin.—
7 Ex pari, adverb., in an equal manner, on an equal footing (post-Aug.):
sapiens cum diis ex pari vivit,Sen. Ep. 59, 14.
II Transf., subst.
A pār, păris, m., a companion, comrade, mate, spouse:
plebs venit, et adcumbit cum pare quisque suo,Ov. F. 3, 526:
jungi cum pare suā,id. ib. 3, 193:
edicere est ausus cum illo suo pari, quem omnibus vitiis superare cupiebat, ut, etc.,Cic. Pis. 8, 18.—Esp., a table companion, = o/mo/klinos:
atque ibi opulentus tibi par forte obvenerit,Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 68 Brix ad loc.:
cedo parem quem pepigi,id. Pers. 5, 1, 15 (v. also I. A. g. supra).—
B pār, păris, n., a pair:
gladiatorum par nobilissimum,Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 6, 17:
ecce tibi geminum in scelere par,id. Phil. 11, 1, 2:
par nobile fratrum,Hor. S. 2, 3, 243:
par columbarum,Ov. M. 13, 833:
par mularum,Gai. Inst. 3, 212:
par oculorum,Suet. Rhet. 5:
tria aut quatuor paria amicorum,Cic. Lael. 4, 15:
scyphorum paria complura,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 19, § 47:
paria (gladiatorum) ordinaria et postulaticia,Sen. Ep. 7, 3: pocula oleaginea paria duo, Lab. Dig. 32, 1, 30. Hence, adv.: părĭter, equally, in an equal degree, in like manner, as well.
A In gen.: dispartiantur patris bona pariter, Afran. ap. Non. 375, 1:
ut nostra in amicos benevolentia illorum erga nos benevolentiae pariter aequaliterque respondeat,Cic. Lael. 16, 56:
laetamur amicorum laetitiā aeque atque nostrā, et pariter dolemus angoribus,id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:
caritate non pariter omnes egemus,id. Off. 2, 8, 30:
ut pariter extrema terminentur,id. Or. 12, 38; Phaedr. 5, 2, 10:
et gustandi et pariter tangendi magna judicia sunt,Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146:
nulla pro sociā obtinet, pariter omnes viles sunt,id. ib. 80, 7; Quint. 9, 3, 102:
cuncta pariter Romanis adversa,Tac. A. 1, 64: tantumdem est;
feriunt pariter,all the same, nevertheless, Juv. 3, 298.—
(b) With cum:
Siculi mecum pariter moleste ferent,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 173:
pariter nobiscum progredi,Auct. Her. 3, 1, 1; Verg. A. 1, 572.—
(g) With ut, atque (ac):
is ex se hunc reliquit filium pariter moratum, ut pater avusque hujus fuit,Plaut. Aul. prol. 21:
pariter hoc fit, atque ut alia facta sunt,id. Am. 4, 1, 11:
vultu pariter atque animo varius,Sall. J. 113, 3:
pariter ac si hostis adesset,id. ib. 46, 6.—
(d) With et ... et:
pariterque et ad se tuendum et ad hostem petendum,Liv. 31, 35:
pariter et habitus et nomina edocebuntur,Quint. 1, 1, 25; Ov. M. 11, 556.—(e) With dat. (in late poets, and once in Liv.):
pariter ultimae (gentes) propinquis, imperio parerent,the remotest as well as the nearest, Liv. 38, 16; Stat. Th. 5, 121; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 166.—* (z) With qualis:
pariter suades, qualis es,Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 37. —
B In partic.
1 Like simul, of equality in time or in association, at the same time, together:
nam plura castella Pompeius pariter, distinendae manūs causā, tentaverat,at the same time, together, Caes. B. C. 3, 52:
pariter decurrere,Liv. 22, 4, 6:
ut pariter et socii rem inciperent,id. 3, 22, 6; 10, 5, 7; 26, 48 fin.; cf.:
plura simul invadimus, si aut tam infirma sunt, ut pariter impelli possint, aut, etc.,Quint. 5, 13, 11; so,
pariter multos invadere,id. 5, 7, 5:
pariter ire,id. 1, 1, 14; 1, 12, 4; Tac. H. 4. 56; Plin. 26, 8, 40, § 66.—
(b) With cum (so commonly in Cic.):
conchyliis omnibus contingere, ut cum lunā pariter crescant pariterque decrescant,Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33; cf. id. de Or. 3, 3, 10:
studia doctrinae pariter cum aetate crescunt,id. Sen. 14, 50:
pariter cum vitā sensus amittitur,id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:
equites pariter cum occasu solis expeditos educit,Sall. J. 68, 2; 77, 1; 106, 5:
pariter cum collegā,Liv. 10, 21, 14; 27, 17, 6.—
(g) With et, atque, que:
inventionem et dispositionem pariter exercent,Quint. 10, 5, 14; 1, 1, 25:
quibus mens pariter atque oratio insurgat,id. 12, 2, 28:
seriis jocisque pariter accommodato,id. 6, 3, 110.—
(d) With dat. (poet.), Stat. Th. 5, 122:
pariterque favillis Durescit glacies,Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 165.—
2 In order to give greater vivacity to the expression, reduplicated: pariter ... pariter, as soon as (poet. and in post-Aug prose):
hanc pariter vidit, pariter Calydo nius heros Optavit,Ov. M. 8, 324; Plin. Ep. 8, 23 fin.—
3 In like manner, likewise, also:
pariterque oppidani agere,Sall. J. 60, 1:
postquam pariter nymphas incedere vidit,Ov. M. 2, 445.