tŏga — Lewis & Short
tŏga, ae, f.tego,
I a covering, garment.
I In gen. (ante-class. and rare): praeterea quod in lecto togas ante habebant; ante enim olim fuit commune vestimentum et diurnum et nocturnum et muliebre et virile, Varr. ap. Non. 541, 2:
incinctā togā,Afran. ib. 540, 33; cf.
comic.: ne toga cordylis, ne paenula desit olivis,Mart. 13, 1, 1. —*
B A roofing, roof:
(toga) dicitur et tectum,Non. 406, 21. —
II In partic., the outer garment of a Roman citizen in time of peace, long, broad, and flowing, and consisting of a single piece of stuff; the toga or gown.
A Lit.:
sed quod pacis est insigne et otii toga,Cic. Pis. 30, 73:
quem tenues decuere togae,Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 32:
ima,Quint. 11, 3, 139:
pexa,Mart. 2, 44, 1:
rasa,id. 2, 88, 4: toga praetexta, the toga of magistrates and free-born children, ornamented with purple; v. praetexo: toga pura, the unornamented toga of youth who had laid aside the praetexta:
Ciceroni meo togam puram cum dare Arpini vellem,Cic. Att. 9, 6, 1; 5, 20, 9; 7, 8, 5;
called more freq. virilis,id. Sest. 69, 144; id. Phil. 2, 18, 44; Liv. 26, 19, 5; Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2; and:
toga libera,Prop. 4 (5), 1, 132. Ov. F. 3, 771; cf.:
a patre ita eram deductus ad Scaevolam sumptā virili togā,Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
toga picta,worn by a victor in his triumph, Liv. 10, 7, 9; 30, 15, 11; Flor. 1, 5, 6:
purpurea,worn by kings, Liv. 27, 4, 11; 31, 11, 12: candida, the toga worn by candidates for office, made of white fulled cloth; v. candidus: pulla, the dark-gray toga of mourners; v. pullus; cf. Becker, Gallus, 3, p. 107 sq.; 2, pp. 55 and 74 sq. (2d edit.).—
B Transf.
1 As a designation for peace:
ex quo genere haec sunt, Liberum appellare pro vino, campum pro comitiis, togam pro pace, arma ac tela pro bello,Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167: cedant arma togae, id. poët. Off. 1, 22, 77; id. Pis. 30, 73:
vir omnibus belli ac togae dotibus eminens,Vell. 1, 12, 3; Tert. Pall. 5.—Also of the Roman national character; hence, togae oblitus, forgetful of Rome, Hor. C. 3, 5, 10.—
2 As, in the times of the emperors, the toga went more and more out of use, and became almost exclusively the garment of clients, poet. for a client:
eheu quam fatuae sunt tibi Roma togae,Mart. 10, 18, 4; 10, 47, 5; cf. Plin. Pan. 65; Flor. 4, 12, 32. —
3 As women of loose character were not allowed to wear the proper female garment (the stola), and assumed the toga, poet. for a prostitute: si tibi cura togae est potior pressumque quasillo Scortum, Tib. 4, 10, 3.