1. tristis — Lewis & Short
tristis, e, adj.etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. trastas, frightened; and Lat. terreo,
I sad, sorrowful, mournful, dejected, melancholy, disconsolate, trist (syn.: maestus, severus, austerus, luctuosus).
I In gen.:
maesti tristesque,Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 18:
cum maestus errares, quaerere ex te, quid tristis esses,Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59:
tristis et conturbatus,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:
tristis, demissus,id. Mur. 21, 45:
sic tristes affatus amicos,Hor. C. 1, 7, 24:
Sequanos tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri,Caes. B. G. 1, 32:
numquam ego te tristiorem Vidi esse,Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 55:
oderunt hilarem tristes, tristemque jocosi,Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 89:
(faciet) hominem ex tristi lepidum et lenem,Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 7:
quid tu tristis es?id. ib. 2, 2, 6; id. Men. 5, 2, 27; 5, 2, 59:
quid es tam tristis?Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20:
malle se adulescentem tristem quam hilarem,Sen. Ep. 36, 3:
tristis Erat et me maestum videbat,Curt. 6, 11, 27; Sen. Tranq. 15, 4.—
B Transf.
1 Of things associated with misfortune or suggestive of sadness, melancholy, saddening, unhappy:
ut tuum laetissimum diem cum tristissimo meo conferam,Cic. Pis. 14, 33; cf.:
vel defensus tristibus temporibus vel ornatus secundis,id. Fam. 15, 7:
esse vultu tristi,Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 124:
tristissima exta,Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36:
tristissimi exsilii solatium,Liv. 5, 51, 1:
tristissimam exegimus noctem,most miserable, Petr. 115:
sors,unhappy, miserable, Cic. Mur. 20, 42:
eventus,Liv. 8, 24, 18:
Kalendae,sad, dismal, Hor. S. 1, 3, 87:
Hyades,id. C. 1, 3, 14:
Orion,id. Epod. 10, 10:
bella,id. A. P. 73:
clades,id. C. 3, 3, 62:
morbus,Verg. G. 4, 252:
fatum,Hor. S. 1, 9, 29:
jus sepulcri,Ov. M. 13, 472:
officium (exsequiarum),id. ib. 12, 4:
funera,Verg. G. 4, 256; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 74:
pars subiere feretro, Triste ministerium,Verg. A. 6, 223:
Tartara,id. ib. 4, 243:
Acheron,Sil. 13, 571:
tristique palus inamabilis undā,Verg. A. 6, 438; Hor. C. 2, 14, 8:
arbores,gloomy, sombre, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95:
adspectus (arboris),id. 13, 22, 40, § 120:
tristes et squalidi trunci,Sen. Ep. 12, 1.—
2 Of taste:
quod triste et amarum est,harsh, disagreeable, bitter, Lucr. 4, 634:
suci,Verg. G. 2, 126:
lupinum,id. ib. 1, 75:
absinthia,Ov. P. 3, 1, 23; 3, 8, 15:
epulae,Sil. 3, 281: sapor. Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 12:
pocula,Tib. 1, 5, 50.—
3 Of smell, offensive, foul:
anhelitus oris,Ov. A. A. 1, 521.—
4 As subst.: triste, is, n., a sad thing, etc. (poet.):
triste lupus stabulis, maturis frugibus imbres, Arboribus venti,a sad thing, a pest, bane, Verg. E. 3, 80:
interdum miscentur tristia laetis,Ov. F. 6, 463; cf.:
nunc ego mitibus Mutare quaero tristia,Hor. C. 1, 16, 26. Thus Ovid called his elegies that were written in exile Tristia.—
II In partic.
A Of behavior, etc., towards others.
1 Glum, gloomy, peevish, morose, ill-humored (syn.:
tetricus, severus, austerus): stultitia est, ei te esse tristem,Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: eia, mea Juno, non decet te esse tam tristem tuo Jovi, id. ib. 2, 3, 14: mihi erit tristior, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2:
tristis amica ingrato viro,Prop. 1, 6, 10:
puella,id. 1, 10, 21:
navita tristis (Charon),gloomy, sullen, Verg. A. 6, 315; so,
dii,Hor. S. 1, 5, 103:
Erinys,Verg. A. 2, 337:
sorores,i. e. the Fates, Tib. 3, 3, 35; Sen. Tranq. 7, 6:
ursa,Stat. Achill. 2, 409.—
2 Stern, harsh, severe:
judex tristis et integer,Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 30; cf.:
cum tristibus severe, cum remissis jucunde vivere,id. Cael. 6, 13.—
B Transf., of things, gloomy, sad, melancholy, stern, harsh, etc.:
truculentis oculis, tristi fronte,Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21:
voltus,id. Most. 3, 2, 124:
fronte gravi et tristi supercilio,Plin. Pan. 41, 3: idem naturā tristiori paululo, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2:
vultus severior et tristior,Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.:
tristis severitas inest in vultu,Ter. And. 5, 2, 16:
vita tristior,Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108:
triste et severum genus dicendi,id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.:
sermo tristis (opp. jocosus),Hor. S. 1, 10, 11: senectus, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 108, 29; cf.:
tristis et plenus dignitatis sonus,Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 7:
perfert in judiciis tristem et impexam antiquitatem,Tac. Or. 20.—Of languages, etc.:
tua tristia dicta,Verg. A. 10, 612:
sententia,Ov. M. 15, 43; Liv. 8, 21, 2:
responsum,id. 9, 16, 3:
senatūs consultum,id. 5, 6, 2.— Adv.: tristĕ, sadly, sorrowfully; harshly, severely:
salutantes,Stat. Th. 4, 19:
triste et acutum resonare,Hor. S. 1, 8, 41:
rigens frons,Stat. S. 5, 1, 64.—Comp.:
flere tristius,Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 2:
adulescentes gravius aegrotant, tristius curantur,with more difficulty, Cic. Sen. 19, 67:
respondere tristius,more harshly, id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.