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The corpus record — Latin

truncus1

truncus1

mutilated, maimed, trimmed

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

Densest 12 of 63 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. truncus — de Vaan

truncus 'mutilated, maimed, trimmed' [adj. o/a] (Varro+) Derivatives: truncus 'trunk, torso' (LuciL+); contruncare 'to hack to pieces' (PL+), tn — [de Vaan, s.v. truncus, p. 644]

2. truncus — Lewis & Short

truncus, a, um,

I adj [root tark-, truc-, to break, tear; cf. torqueo], maimed, mutilated, mangled, dismembered, disfigured, deprived of some of its parts (mostly poet. and perh. not ante-Aug.; syn.: mutilus, mancus).
I Lit.: trunca manu pinus regit (Polyphemum), i. e. the trunk of a pinetree, Verg. A. 3, 659: trunca illa et retorrida manus Mucii, Sen. Ep. 66, 51: nemora, i. e. trees stripped of their branches, Stat. Th. 4, 455: truncas mhonesto vulnere nares, Verg. A. 6, 497: vultus naribus auribusque, Mart. 2, 83, 3: frons, deprived of its horn, Ov. M. 9, 1; 9, 86; Sil. 3, 42: frontem lumina truncam, deprived of its eyes, id. 9, 400: bracchia non habuit, truncoque repandus in undas Corpore desiluit, deprived of its limbs, Ov. M. 3, 680; cf. Just. 2, 9, 19: puerum trunci corporis in agro Romano natum, Liv. 41, 9, 5: varie ex integris truncos gigni, ex truncis integros, Plin. 7, 11, 10, § 50: tela, i.e. broken in pieces, Verg. A. 11, 9; cf.: trunci enses et fractae hastae, Stat. Th. 2, 711: truncum lignum, i. e. hasta fracta, Val. Fl. 6, 251: membra carmae, Ov M. 11, 560; cf. alnus, without oars, Val. Fl. 2, 300: truncae atque mutilae litterae, Gell. 17, 9, 12: exta, Val. Max. 1, 6, 9.—
(b) Poet., with gen.: animalia trunca pedum, without feet, Verg. G. 4, 310: truncus capitis, Sil 10, 311.—
B Transf.
1 Of things, not developed, imperfect, or wanting in their parts: quaedam imperfecta (animalia) suisque Trunca vident numeris, Ov. M. 1, 428: ranae pedibus, id. ib. 15, 376: ipse (nanus) jactabat truncas manus, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 42.mdash;
2 Of members cut off: bracchia, Val. Fl. 4, 181: manus, Sen. Contr 1, 4.—
II Trop., maimed, mutilated: (Capua) urbs trunca, sine senatu, sine plebe, sine magistratibus, Liv. 31, 29, 11: pecus, without a leader, Stat. Th. 5, 333: manus vero, sine quibus trunca esset actio ac debilis, vix dici potest, quot motus habeant, Quint. 11, 3, 85: trunca et debilis medicina (sine rerum naturae cognitione), Cels. praef.: sermo (volucrum), Stat. Th. 12, 478: trunca quaedam ex Menandro, fragments, Gell. 2, 23, 21.—Hence, subst.:

3. truncus — Lewis & Short

truncus, i, m.,

I the stem, stock, bole, or trunk of a tree (without regard to its branches).
I Lit.: cibus ... Per truncos ac per ramos diffunditur omnes, Lucr. 1, 353: quid? in arboribus, in quibus non truncus, non rami, non folia sunt denique, nisi, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 179; cf. id. Sen. 15, 52; id. N. D. 2, 47, 120; id. Lael. 13, 48; Caes. B. G. 4, 17; 7, 73, Verg. G. 2, 78; 3, 233; Hor S. 1, 8, 1; id. C. 2, 17, 27; 3, 4, 55; Ov. M. 2, 358; 8, 346; id. H. 9, 93; Col. Arb. 17, 1; Sen. Ep. 86, 17.—
B Transf.
1 Of the human body, the trunk, the body, apart from the limbs: status erectus et celsus, nullā mollitiā cervicum: trunco magis toto se ipse moderans, Cic. Or. 18, 59: nemo illum ex trunco corporis spectabat, id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28: recto pugnat se attollere trunco, Ov. M. 2, 822; cf. id. ib. 7, 640: et caput abscisum calido viventeque trunco, Lucr. 3, 654: jacet litore truncus. Verg. A. 2, 557.—
2 Of a column.
(a) The shaft, Vitr. 4, 1 med.—
(b) The cubical trunk of a pedestal, the die or dado, Vitr. 3, 3; cf. Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 201.—
3 A piece cut off, as a branch of a tree for an our: frondentes, Val. Fl. 8, 287; a piece of flesh for smoking (cf. trunculus), Verg. M. 57.—
4 Like caudex, stipes, and the Engl. stock, for blockhead, dunce, dolt: quī potest esse in ejusmodi trunco sapientia? Cic. N. D. 1, 30, 84: tamquam truncus atque stipes, id. Pis. 9, 19. —*
II Trop., a trunk, stem: quae (stirpes aegritudinis) ipso trunco everso omnes eligendae (elidendae, Kühn.) sunt, Cic. Tusc. 3, 34, 83.

4. truncus — Walde–Hofmann

truncus, -a, -um ,verstümmelt; der Äste, der Glieder beraubt* (seit Verg.), truncus, 4 m. ,Baumstamm; Klotz, Tölpel; Rumpf eines Menschen* (seit Cic.), truneo, -àvi, -àtum, -äre „verstümmele* (seit Ov., truncátió, -Onis f. „Verstümmelung“ seit Cod, Theod., trunculus, -i m. ,Schweinsknóchelchen* seit Cels., rom.). Komp.: con£runcó (seit Plt.); détrunco (seit Ov., -atio seit Plin. , nat.); distruncö (Plt. Truc. 614); … — [Walde–Hofmann, s.v. truncus, p. 1618]

In the wild

6 of 247 attestations shown.

Where it came from

  • de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. truncus (scan pp. 644-645; entry #1848).
  • Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. truncus (scan p. 729; entry #12141).
  • Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. truncus (scan pp. 1618-1620; entry #3102).

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Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.