ulter — Lewis & Short
ulter, tra, trum, adj. (
I comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.
I Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:
quis est ulterior?Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:
quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:
Gallia,id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:
portus,id. ib. 4, 23:
Hispania,Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:
pars urbis,Liv. 34, 20, 5:
ripa,Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:
ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,Ov. M. 2, 417.—
B As subst.
1 ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:
cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;
ulteriores non inventi,Liv. 3, 60, 7:
proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,Tac. G. 17.—
2 ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).
(a) Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:
Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,Tac. H. 4, 77.—
(b) In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:
ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,Tac. H. 4, 8:
ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:
pudor est ulteriora loqui,Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:
semper et inventis ulteriora petit,id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—
3 Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:
cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,Quint. 1, 6, 26.—
II Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).
A Lit., of space:
illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:
partes,id. ib. 6, 20, 20:
in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,id. Att. 5, 16, 4:
devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,Liv. 21, 10, 12:
orae,Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:
campi,Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:
Hesperia,Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:
Africa,id. ib. 2, 18, 4:
Geloni,id. ib. 2, 20, 18:
in plateā ultimā,Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:
in ultimis aedibus,Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:
spelunca draconis,Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:
cauda,i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:
mors ultima linea rerum est,Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—
2 Subst.
(a) ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:
recessum primis ultimi non dabant,Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—
(b) ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:
praeponens ultima primis,Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:
ultima signant,the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—
(g) Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:
caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—
B Transf.
1 Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:
ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:
tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:
tempora,id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:
initium,Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:
principium,Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:
memoria pueritiae,id. Arch. 1, 1:
memoria saeculorum,Just. 12, 16, 3:
vetustas hominum,id. 2, 1, 20:
sanguinis auctor,Verg. A. 7, 49:
ultima quid referam?Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id. M. 3, 135:
aetas est de ferro,id. ib. 1, 127:
vox,id. ib. 3, 499:
dicta,id. ib. 9, 126:
lapis,i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:
aetas,Quint. 12, 4, 2:
senectus,id. 11, 1, 10:
virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,Liv. 4, 28, 5:
decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:
perferto et ultima exspectato,final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:
ultima vitae,Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:
matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:
si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:
si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:
ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,id. 26, 27, 10; so,
ultimo,Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;
and, ultimum,for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—
2 Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.
a The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:
summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:
ultimae perfectaeque naturae,id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:
ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,Quint. 2, 2, 15:
ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:
scelus,Curt. 5, 12, 17:
rex ad ultimum periculum venit,id. 7, 6, 22:
facinus,id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:
necessitas,id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:
ad ultimam inopiam adducere,Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:
ad ultimos casus servari,id. 27, 10, 11:
dedecus,Curt. 9, 5, 11:
exsecrationes,Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,
poena,Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:
desperatio,Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:
discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:
ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:
omnia ultima pati,every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:
ultima pati,Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:
ultima audere,Liv. 3, 2, 11:
priusquam ultima experirentur,id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:
paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,Vell. 2, 125, 2:
ad ultimum inopiae adducere,to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:
ad ultimum periculi pervenire,Curt. 8, 1, 15.—Trop.:
ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:
ad ultimum pro fide morituri,Curt. 3, 1, 7:
consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—
b The lowest, meanest (very rare):
qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,Vell. 1, 11, 1:
principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:
ultima pistoris illa uxor,the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.—Subst.:
ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),Liv. 34, 18, 5:
in ultimis laudum,id. 30, 30, 4:
in ultimis ponere,the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91.