LOGOI

The corpus record — Latin

umerus

umerus

shoulder

Generated live from the audited Latin corpus — every figure on this page is a database query, not prose from memory.

Where it lives

  • Moretum, Appendix Vergiliana 1 · 12.92/10k
  • Epistularum 1 · 12.5/10k
  • Achilleis 9 · 12.49/10k
  • Panegyricus dictus Probino et Olybrio consulibus 2 · 11.75/10k
  • De Pallio 3 · 8.75/10k
  • Aeneid 54 · 8.52/10k
  • Psychomachia 5 · 8.33/10k
  • Carmina 10 · 7.52/10k
  • Cento Nuptialis 1 · 7.33/10k
  • In Rufinum 4 · 6.98/10k
  • Epodon 2 · 6.65/10k
  • Hercules 5 · 6.57/10k

Densest 12 of 135 attested works shown, by occurrences per 10,000 attested tokens.

What it meant

1. umerus — de Vaan

umerus 'shoulder' [m. o] (PL+) Pit *omes-o-. It. cognates: U. uze, onse [loc.sg.] Ionise/ 'shoulder' < *omes(e)L PIE *h2om-es- 'shoulder1. IE cognates: Skt. amsa- [m.] 'shoulder', Oss. (Iron) on 'shoulder-blade' < PIr. *anha-, Gr. ώμος [m.] 'shoulder, armpit' < *omso-; Arm. ows, Go, amsans [acc.pl.], ToA es [m.], ToB anise [m.] 'shoulder'. Hit. anass(a)- 'lower part of the back' cannot be connected with this … — [de Vaan, s.v. umerus, p. 654]

2. ŭmĕrus — Lewis & Short

ŭmĕrus (incorrectly spelled hŭmĕ-rus in many edd.), i, m.cf. w)=mos.

I Prop., the upper bone of the arm, Cels. 8, 1. —
II Meton.
A The upper part of the arm (so only poet. for the usual lacertus): innixus dextro plena trahens umero, upperarm, arm, Prop. 1, 20, 44: umeros exsertus uterque, Stat. Th. 5, 439; 4, 235; Ov. F. 1, 409.—
B The shoulder (of a man; opp. armus of an animal, v. h. v.; the predom. signif. of the word): meus est ballista pugnus, cubitus catapulta est mihi, Umerus aries, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17: id conexum in umero laevo, id. Mil. 4, 4, 44: sagittae pendebant ab umero, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 74; cf. Hor. C. 1, 21, 12: umerum apertum gladio appetit, Caes. B. C. 2, 35: Chloris albo sic umero nitens, Hor. C. 2, 5, 18: sparsum odoratis umerum capillis, id. ib. 3, 20, 14: pars umeri ima tui, Ov. A. A. 3, 307.— Plur.: (virgines) quas matres student Demissis umeris esse, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23: scutum, gladium, galeam in onere nostri milites non plus numerant quam umeros, lacertos, manus, Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37: ut bracchia modo atque umeri ad sustinenda arma liberi ab aquā esse possent, Caes. B. G. 7, 56: pedites tantummodo umeris ac summo pectore exstare, id. B. C. 1, 62: cum Milo umeris sustineret bovem vivum, Cic. Sen. 10, 33: quod pupillum filium ipse paene in umeros suos extulisset, id. de Or. 1, 53, 228: densum umeris vulgus, Hor. C. 2, 13, 32: nube candentes umeros amictus Augur Apollo, id. ib. 1, 2, 31; so, candidi, id. ib. 1, 13, 10: umeris positurus arcum, id. ib. 3, 4, 60: et quae nunc umeris involitant, deciderint comae, id. ib. 4, 10, 3 et saep.: ex umeris armi fiunt, Ov. M. 10, 700; so id. ib. 12, 396; cf.: terrestrium solus homo bipes: uni juguli, umeri, ceteris armi, Plin. 11, 43, 98, § 243.—
2 Umerus is also used of animals (as, on the other hand, armi is of men; v. armus); of oxen, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 159.—Of cocks, Col. 8, 2, 9.—
C Of the middle part of a thing, the back, ridge (post-Aug.).
1 Of trees and plants: certum est ab umeris arborum surculos petendos, Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 105; Col. 3, 10, 5; id. Arb. 3, 1.—
2 Of mountain ridges: montium flexus crebrique vertices et conflexa cubito aut confracta in umeros juga, Plin. 2, 44, 44, § 115 (al. numeros): virides umeros, Stat. Th. 6, 714. —
3 Of a country: Rhegium oppidum in umero ejus (Italiae) situm, a quo veluti cervicis incipit flexus, Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 43; so, duo haec oppida ... sita sunt utrāque ex parte velut in umeris Helladis, id. 4, 7, 11, § 23.—
III Trop., in plur., the shoulders; as in Engl., when speaking of bearing a burden: tota ut comitia suis, ut dictitabat, umeris sustineret, Cic. Mil. 9, 25: rem publicam umeris sustinere, id. Fl. 37, 94: cum expertus esset, quam bene umeris tuis sederet imperium, Plin. Pan. 10, 6; 57, 4: sumite materiam vestris qui scribitis aequam Viribus, et versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri, Hor. A. P. 40.

3. umerus — Walde–Hofmann

umerus, - m. „Schulter; Vorderbug der Tiere; Gebirgsrücken* u. dgl. (seit Plaut., rom. (h-]) ; wnerulus,-i (Vulg.); umeräle, -is n. „Militärmantel“ (seit Paul, dig., Itala, rom. (h-]): *omesos, zu u. uze, onse *in umero, gr. Quoc (wohl *ómsos kaum *omsos [vgl. émouuoblois Theokr.] nach Kretschmer Wiener Eranos 1909, 124 (vel. auch Schulze KZ.63, 28, Specht Urspr.237)), ai. áisah „Schulter*, got. ams , Schulter", an. … — [Walde–Hofmann, s.v. umerus, p. 1723]

In the wild

6 of 598 attestations shown.

Where it came from

  • de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) Treated in de Vaan, Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Brill 2008) s.v. umerus (scan p. 654; entry #1873). Root candidates: *anha-, *omso-.
  • Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine Treated in Ernout-Meillet, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue latine s.v. umerus (scan p. 770; entry #12852).
  • Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Walde-Hofmann, Lateinisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. umerus (scan p. 1723; entry #3307). Root candidates: *omso-.

Latin text and lemmatization derived from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-latinLit), CC BY-SA 4.0. Lewis & Short (public domain) via Perseus. This derived data is shared under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 license.