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The corpus record

μήκων

mekon

poppy, Papaver somniferum, poppy-head

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Where it lives

What it meant

1. μήκων · mēkōn — Beekes

μήκων [f.] ‘poppy, Papaver somniferum, poppy-head’ (© 306), meatph. of poppy-like objects, e.g. ‘ink-bag of the cuttle-fish’ [m.] (Arist.). «1Ὲ *meh,k-n-> eVAR Dor. Arc. μάκων, -w voc. COMP μηκωνο-φόρος (scil. γῆ) [f] ‘poppy-bearing country’ (pap.). — [Beekes, s.v. μήκων, p. 993]

2. μήκων · mēkōn — Chantraine

μήκων Féminins en -μηστρα, comme Κλυταιμήστρα, cf. sous χλέος, altéré secondairement en Κλυταιμνήστρα, Ὕπερμήστρα (Pi. AN. 10,6), aussi altéré en -μνήστρα, cf. Ed. Fraenkel, Agamemnon v. 84. — [Chantraine, s.v. μήκων, p. 710]

3. μήκων · mēkōn — Chantraine

μήκων : f. et μάᾶκων (Théoc., IG V 2,514 arcad.) « pavot, tête de pavot, graine de pavot, suc de pavot », etc. (Hom., Ar., Arist., etc.); hépatopancréas des testacés (Arist.), poche à encre de la seiche (m., Arist.), partie de l'oreille sous le lobe (Poll. 2,86). Composé : μηκωνοφόρος [γἢ] «terre produisant des pavots » (pap.). Dérivés : 1. diminutif pmxwovéptov (médec.); ὦ. noms — [Chantraine, s.v. μήκων, p. 710]

4. μήκων · mēkōn — Chantraine

μήκων de plantes, etc. μηκώνιον = μήκων (Hp.), «opium » (Phld.}, « euphorbe » (Thphr.), μηκωνίς f. « laitue sauvage » (Nic., inser., pap.), cf. André, Rev. Phil. 1960, 56, μηκωνῖτις espèce d'euphorbe (Gal.), aussi nom d’une pierre (Pline); uäxwvläs m. épithète de pain parfumé avec des graines de pavot (Alem. 19 P [ef. Chantraine et Irigoin, R. ΕἸ. Gr. 1951, 1 sq.}, Philostr.). 3. Adjectifs μηκώνειος « parfumé au … — [Chantraine, s.v. μήκων, p. 711]

5. μήκων · mēkōn — Frisk

μήκων, dor. ark. μάκων, -wvos f. ‘Mohn, Papaver somniferum, Mohnkorn, -kopf, -saft’ (seit Θ 306), übertr. von mohnähnlichen Gegenständen, z.B. “Tintenblase des Tintenfisches’ (m., Arist.); μηκωνο-φόρος (sc. γῆ) f. "mohntragendes Land’ (Pap.).. — Ableitungen. 1. Benennungen mohnähnlicher Pflanzen (Euphorbia, wilder Lattich): μηκών-τον (Hp., Thphr.; auch = ‘Opium’ [Phld.)), -is f. (Nik., Inschr., Pap.), -irıs (Gal., … — [Frisk, s.v. μήκων, p. 1197]

6. μήκων · mēkōn — LSJ

poppy, opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, frothy poppy, Silene venosa, horned poppy, Glaucium flavum, corn poppy, Papaver Rhoeas, P. hybridum, windrose, Papaver argemone

poppy, esp. opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, μήκων δʼ ἑτέρωσε κάρη βάλεν ἐνὶ κήπῳ Il. 8.306, cf. Ar. Av. 160, Thphr. HP 1.12.2 (s. v.l.), Theoc. l.c.; μάκωνσι λευκαῖς IG l.c.; μ. ἥμερος, κηπευτή, Dsc. 4.64, Gal. 6.548; μ. Ἡρακλεία frothy poppy, Silene venosa, Thphr. HP 9.12.5; μ. ἀφρώδης Dsc. 4.66; μ. κερατῖτις horned poppy, Glaucium flavum, Thphr. HP 9.12.3, Dsc. 4.65 (but = λεοντοπέταλον, Ps.-Dsc. 3.96); μ. μέλαινα corn poppy, Papaver Rhoeas, Thphr. HP 9.11.9, Dsc. 4.64 (μέλας Ps.-Dsc. ibid.);

2 poppy-seed, opium

a single poppy-seed, Archim. Aren. 2.4; collectively, μ. ἁδρά Hp. Mul. 2.192; μ. μεμελιτωμένη Th. 4.26; ὀπὸς μήκωνος opium, Asclep. ap. Gal. 14.138, etc.

3 poppy-head

poppy-head, Thphr. HP 4.8.10: as an architectural ornament, Paus. 5.20.5.

II quasi-liver

quasi-liver of testaceous animals (ὀστρακηρά), Arist. HA 530a15, 547a16.

2 ink-bag of the cuttle-fish

ink-bag of the cuttle-fish, Id. Fr. 334 (masc.), Ael. NA ap. Suid.

III a metallic sand

a metallic sand, Poll. 7.100.

IV the part of the ear at the root under the lobe

the part of the ear at the root under the lobe, Id. 2.86.

V spurge

μ. ἀφρώδης, = πέπλος, spurge, Dsc. 4.167; so μ. alone, as a purgative, freq. in Hp., Mul. 2.124, 192, al., Morb. 3.16; ὀπὸς μήκωνος Mul. 2.201; μ. alone, = τιθυμαλλίς, Dsc. 4.164. (Etym. dub.; OHG. māgo, Germ. mohn, OSlav. makû are prob. borrowed.)

In the wild

Where it came from

  • Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) Treated in Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill 2010) s.v. μήκων (scan p. 993; entry #4060).
  • Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque Treated in Chantraine, Dictionnaire etymologique de la langue grecque s.v. μήκων (scan p. 711; entry #5265).
  • Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch Treated in Frisk, Griechisches etymologisches Worterbuch s.v. μήκων (scan p. 1197; entry #3864). Root candidates: *ualha-.

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