καθαρός (katharos)

1. καθαρός · katharos — Beekes

καθαρός [adj.) ‘clean, spotless, pure, unmixed, white (of bread, linen)’ (Il.). eVAR Dor. κοθαρός (Heracl. et al.), Aeol. κόθαρος (Alc.). *DER καθάρειος (-10c) ‘pure, elegant’ (Arist., Men., Plb.), adverb καθαρείως (X.), after ἀστεῖος; on καθάρυλλος (of ἄρτος, etc., com.) cf. Leumann Glotta 32 (1953): 219°. καθαρότης ‘purity’ (Ηρ. Pl.), καθαρ(εγιότης ‘purity, refinement’ (Hdt.). Denominative verbs: 1. … — [Beekes, s.v. καθαρός, p. 661]

2. καθαρός · katharos — Chantraine

καθαρός : avec les variantes dial. xofapéc (dor. Schwyzer 62,103) et κόθαρος (éol., Alc. 38 L.P.) «propre», etc.; dans II. seulement ἐν καθαρῷ «à un endroit découvert »; dans Θά. épith. de εἵματα, mais aussi μὴ καθαρῷ θανάτῳ (22,462) pour qualifier la pendaison des servantes ; après Homère : « propre, pur» (dit de l’eau), «nettoyé, vanné » (du grain), employé au sens moral ou religieux, la pureté religieuse se … — [Chantraine, s.v. καθαρός, p. 492]

3. Καθαρός · Katharos — Chantraine

Καθαρός signifie «propre» mais la pureté rituelle se trouve étroitement associée à la propreté. Au sens religieux s'oppose à μιαρός et se distingue de ἁγνός plus franchement religieux. Voir Rudhardt, Notions fondamentales 50-51. — [Chantraine, s.v. Καθαρός, p. 493]

4. Καθαρός · Katharos — Chantraine

Καθαρός subsiste en grec moderne, avec des mots notables comme καθαρεύουσα «langue puriste », καθαρίζω, καθάρισμα «nettoyage », καθαριστήριον « teinturerie », etc. Et.: Le flottement entre καθαρός et la forme dialectale χκοθαρός est inexpliqué. Pas d'étymologie : on pourrait supposer un neutre ancien ἔἘκάθαρ ou *x66ap. — [Chantraine, s.v. Καθαρός, p. 493]

5. κᾰθᾰρ-ός · kathar-os — LSJ

1 physically clean, spotless, cleanly

physically clean, spotless (not in Il.), εἵματα Od. 6.61, Archil. 12, cf. E. Cyc. 35, 562, etc.; of persons, cleanly, κ. περὶ ἐσθῆτα Arist. VV 1250b28, cf. Rh. 1416a23 (nisi leg. καθάριος).

2 clear of admixture, clear, pure, white, winnowed, unmixed, serene

clear of admixture, clear, pure, esp. of water, Βορυσθένης ῥέει καθαρὸς παρὰ θολεροῖσι Hdt. 4.53; κ. ὕδατα E. Hipp. 209 (anap.); ὕδωρ κ. ζῶν LXX Nu. 5.17; δρόσοι E. Ion 96 (anap.); κ. καὶ διαφανῆ ὑδάτια Pl. Phdr. 229b; οὖρον Hp. Epid. 1.3; διαχώρημα Id. Coac. 640; κ. φάος, φέγγος, Pi. P. 6.14, 9.90; πνεῦμα κ. οὐρανοῦ E. Hel. 867; κ. ἄρτος Hdt. 2.40; of white bread, Wilcken Chr. 30i17 (iii/ii B.C.), LXX Ju. 10.5, Gal. 6.482, 19.137; ἄλευρον κ. Diocl. Fr. 139; χρυσίον, ἀργύριον -ώτατον, Hdt. 4.166

3 clear of objects, free, open, a clearing, clear, the clear sunshine, clear and open, open, cleared away, in open ground, free, clear, free from mistakes, free

clear of objects, free, ἐν καθαρῷ (sc. τόπῳ) in an open space, ἐν κ., ὅθι δὴ νεκύων διεφαίνετο χῶρος Il. 8.491; ἐν κ., ὅθι κύματʼ ἐπʼ ἠϊόνος κλύζεσκον 23.61, cf. Ph. 2.535 (Sup.); πάξαις Ἄλτιν ἐν κ. in a clearing, Pi. O. 10(11).45; ἐν κ. βῆναι to leave the way clear, S. OC 1575 (lyr.); ἐν τῷ κ. οἰκεῖν live in the clear sunshine, Pl. R. 520d; διὰ καθαροῦ ῥέειν, of a river whose course is clear and open, Hdt. 1.202: with Subst., κελεύθῳ ἐν κ. Pi. O. 6.23; χῶρος κ. Hdt. 1.132; ἐν κ. λειμῶνι Theoc.

b free, clear, discharge, free from pollution, honourable, free from guilt, defilement, pure, purity, purified, clear of, from, ceremonially pure

metaph., free, clear of debt, liability, etc., κ. ἀπὸ δημοσίων καὶ παντὸς εἴδους BGU 197.14 (i A.D.); κ. ἀπό τε ὀφειλῆς καὶ ὑποθήκης καὶ παντὸς διεγγυήματος ib. 112.11 (i A.D.); γῆ κ. ἀπὸ γεωργίας βασιλικῆς POxy. 633 (ii A.D.); καθαρὰ ποιῆσαι to give a discharge, PAvrom. 1 A 22; in moral sense, free from pollution, καθαρῷ θανάτῳ an honourable death, Od. 22.462; θάνατον οὐ κ., τὸν διʼ ἀγχόνης Ph. 2.491; ψυχαὶ ἀρηΐφατοι καθαρώτεραι ἢ ἐνὶ νούσοις Heraclit. 136; freq. free from guilt or defilement,

c purifying, cleansing

in act. sense, purifying, cleansing, λέβης Pi. O. 1.26; θέειον Theoc. 24.96.

4 pure, genuine, citizens of pure blood, real, genuine, pure and simple

of birth, pure, genuine, σπέρμα θεοῦ Pi. P. 3.15; πόλις E. Ion 673; τῶν Ἀθηναίων ὅπερ ἐστράτευε καθαρὸν ἐξῆλθε, i.e. were citizens of pure blood, Th. 5.8; οἱ τῷ γένει μὴ κ. Arist. Ath. 13.5; κ. ἀστοί Sch. Ar. Ach. 506; καθαρόν a real, genuine saying, Ar. V. 1015; κ. Τίμων a Timon pure and simple, Id. Av. 1549; κ. δοῦλος Antiph. 9 (glossed by ἀπηκριβωμένος, AB 105); ζημία κ., of a person, Alciphro 3.21.

5 pure, clear, simple

of language, pure, ὀνόματα, λέξις, D.H. Comp. 1, 3; διάλεκτος Id. Dem. 5; so of writers, [Λυσίας] κ. τὴν ἑρμηνείαν Id. Lys. 2; [Ξενοφῶν] κ. τοῖς ὀνόμασι Id. Pomp. 4; also, clear, simple, σεμνὸς καὶ κ. Jul. Or. 2.77a.

b preceded by a vowel, pure, containing a ‘pure’ syllable

Gramm., preceded by a vowel, pure, D.T. 635.10, 639.5, Hdn.Gr. 2.930, al.; containing a ‘pure’ syllable, ib. 928.

6 without blemish, sound, sound portion

without blemish, sound, ὁ κ. στρατός, τὸ κ. τοῦ στρατοῦ, the sound portion of the army, Hdt. 1.211, 4.135; v. supr. 4.

7 clear, exact, exactly balanced

clear, exact, ἂν κ. ὦσιν αἱ ψῆφοι if the accounts are exactly balanced, D. 18.227 (sed cf. καθαιρέω II.5).

II purely

Adv. purely, ἁγνῶς καὶ καθαρῶς h.Ap. 121, Hes. Op. 337: Comp. -ωτέρως Porph. Abst. 2.44.

of birth, κ. γεγονέναι Hdt. 1.147; αἱ κ. Ἑλληνίδες Sor. 1.112, cf. Luc. Rh. Pr. 24.

3 with clean hands, honestly

with clean hands, honestly, σὺν δίκῃ . . καὶ κ. Thgn. 198; δικαίως καὶ κ. D. 9.62; κ. τε καὶ μετρίως τὸν βίον διεξελθεῖν Pl. Phd. 108c.

4 clearly, plainly

clearly, plainly, λέγειν Ar. V. 631, cf. E. Rh. 35 (anap.); λέξις κ. καὶ ἀκριβῶς ἔχουσα Isoc. 5.4; κ. γνῶναι Ar. V. 1045, Pl. Phd. 66e; εἴσεσθαι ibid.; καθαρώτατα ἀποδεῖξαι Id. Cra. 426b.

5 purely, correctly

of language, purely, correctly, -ώτερον διαλέγεσθαι Plu. Col. 2.1116e, cf. Luc. Im. 15.

6 entirely, in its purest form

entirely, Ar. Av. 591; κ. τις ὢν ἀόργητος Phld. Ir. p.71 W.; κ. ἐς ἐφήβους τελεῖν D.C. 36.25, cf. Cod.Just. 1.4.34.9: Sup. -ώτατα in its purest form, Phld. Piet. 66.

καθαρός

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